關(guān)于國(guó)際大屠殺紀(jì)念日的演講稿
Message from Ms Irina Bokova, Director-General of UNESCO, on the Occasion of International Day of Commemoration in Memory of the Victims of the Holocaust
聯(lián)合國(guó)教科文組織總干事伊琳娜·博科娃“緬懷大屠殺受難者國(guó)際紀(jì)念日”致辭
27 January 2015
2015年1月27日
Seventy years ago to the day, Red Army troops discovered the Auschwitz-Birkenau German Nazi concentration and extermination camp, where they released thousands of exhausted prisoners. Some 1,100,000 people had already died, including nearly a million Jews, as well as Poles, Gypsies, Soviet prisoners of war and other prisoners and deportees from all over Europe.
70年前的今天，蘇聯(lián)紅軍發(fā)現(xiàn)奧斯威辛-比克瑙德國(guó)納粹集中和滅絕營(yíng)。他們解救出數(shù)千名筋疲力盡的囚犯。1100000人已經(jīng)死亡，其中包括一百萬(wàn)猶太人以及波蘭人、吉普賽人、蘇聯(lián)戰(zhàn)俘及從歐洲各地遣送的其他囚犯。
In the name of a racist ideology, the central element of which was hatred of Jews, millions of people of all ages and all conditions were murdered on a continental scale. Auschwitz-Birkenau was, along with Belzec, Chelmno, Majdanek, Sobibor and Treblinka, at the heart of this industrial killing, which cost the lives of nearly six million Jews. This collapse in values and human rights is not the history of just one people or one region: it is our common history. Transmission of this history sheds light on the mechanisms of exclusion and violence that we find, in various forms, in certain regions of the world today. It reminds us that fanaticism targets both the physical destruction of people and the obliteration of their culture and heritage. It forces us to open our eyes to the reality of anti-Semitism today and to fight it relentlessly.
借以仇視猶太人為核心內(nèi)容的種族主義意識(shí)形態(tài)的名義，在整個(gè)歐洲大陸數(shù)以百萬(wàn)計(jì)的各種年齡和背景的人慘遭屠殺。奧斯威辛-比克瑙與貝爾賽克、切姆諾、馬伊達(dá)內(nèi)克、索比堡和特雷布林卡一道處于這一工業(yè)化屠殺系統(tǒng)的核心，它奪走了近600萬(wàn)猶太人的生命。價(jià)值觀和人權(quán)淪陷的.這一幕不只是某個(gè)民族或某種宗教的歷史：它是我們共同的歷史。傳承這段歷史會(huì)讓我們清楚認(rèn)識(shí)當(dāng)今世界某些地區(qū)仍以各種形式存在的排斥和暴力機(jī)制。它警示我們狂熱主義既要把人從肉體上毀滅，也要消滅他們的文化和遺產(chǎn)。它迫使我們正視今天反猶太主義的現(xiàn)實(shí)并與其做不懈的斗爭(zhēng)。
UNESCO was founded 70 years ago, in the aftermath of the Holocaust, precisely in order to prevent the return of the criminal madness of the Nazis and their collaborators, by using the resources of education and culture, by strengthening the intellectual and moral solidarity of peoples, as guarantees for the equality and dignity of all women and men. This International Day shines the spotlight on the core principles that underpin all of our action and the absolute need to enforce them today.
70年前，在發(fā)生大屠殺之后，教科文組織正式創(chuàng)立。其宗旨是利用教育和文化資源，加強(qiáng)作為人類(lèi)尊嚴(yán)和平等原則之保障的各國(guó)人民之間道義和思想上的團(tuán)結(jié)，防止納粹及其幫兇瘋狂罪行的重演。國(guó)際日讓我們重溫自己行動(dòng)所依托的基本原則并認(rèn)識(shí)到落實(shí)這些原則的絕對(duì)必要性。
Education on the history of the Holocaust is a vital part of this struggle, which requires total commitment from teachers, the media and all social actors. It must help us to prevent future genocides. It must enable young people to protect themselves from hate speech, racism and anti-Semitism and to not be misled by the many guises they take today. This work involves responding, point by point, to those who deny the Holocaust or relativize the crimes committed against the Jews, who seek to justify and perpetuate the hate that caused the genocide.
大屠殺歷史教育是這一斗爭(zhēng)的基石。它需要教師、媒體以及所有社會(huì)行動(dòng)者的堅(jiān)定承諾。大屠殺歷史的教育應(yīng)有助于我們預(yù)防種族滅絕事件的發(fā)生。它應(yīng)使青年人能夠自我防護(hù)，不受傳播仇恨、種族主義以及反猶太主義言論的毒害，不會(huì)被其形形色色的偽裝所欺騙。這項(xiàng)工作要求我們逐一回應(yīng)否認(rèn)大屠殺或淡化對(duì)猶太人所犯罪行的論調(diào)，這些論調(diào)力圖為曾經(jīng)造成種族滅絕的仇恨辯解并延續(xù)這種仇恨。
Seventy years after Auschwitz, this struggle continues to this day, because racism and anti-Semitism, based on ignorance and prejudice, continue to kill men and women. The survivors we honour this year convey to us a message of vigilance, which we must hear and put into action. In the name of this shared heritage, I call upon all Member States to teach the history of the Holocaust in schools and to make the prevention of genocide and mass crimes an educational priority. In the fight against fanaticism that killed in the past and continues to kill today, I call on all to reaffirm, more than ever, UNESCO’s founding credo: “Since wars begin in the minds of men, it is in the minds of men that the defences of peace must be constructed”.
奧斯威辛70年后的今天，這一斗爭(zhēng)依然具有現(xiàn)實(shí)意義，依托無(wú)知和偏見(jiàn)，種族主義和反猶太主義仍在殺人。我們今年所紀(jì)念的大屠殺事件的幸存者給我們傳遞的訊息是保持警惕，對(duì)此我們必須聽(tīng)取并落實(shí)到行動(dòng)中。以這一共同遺產(chǎn)的名義，我呼吁所有會(huì)員國(guó)在學(xué)校里講授大屠殺這段歷史，把預(yù)防種族滅絕和大規(guī)模犯罪作為教育的重點(diǎn)。面對(duì)曾經(jīng)并仍然在殺人的狂熱主義，我呼吁大家比以往任何時(shí)候都要更加堅(jiān)定地重申教科文組織的創(chuàng)始信條：“戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)起源于人之思想，故務(wù)需于人之思想中筑起保衛(wèi)和平之屏障”。
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