冷漠的解藥,讓我們不再冷漠
導(dǎo)語(yǔ):讓我們一起看看冷漠的解藥到底是什么,怎樣才能讓我們不不再冷漠。
How often do we hear that people just don't care? How many times have you been told that real, substantial change isn't possible because most people are too selfish, too stupid or too lazy to try to make a difference in their community? I propose to you today that apathy as we think we know it doesn't actually exist, but rather, that people do care, but that we live in a world that actively discourages engagement by constantly putting obstacles and barriers in our way.
我們多久會(huì)聽到 人們說(shuō)他們毫不在乎? 你多少次被告知 不可能發(fā)生真正的、實(shí)質(zhì)性的變化, 因?yàn)槎鄶?shù)人都太自私、 太愚蠢或是太懶惰了, 不會(huì)試著在他們的社區(qū)內(nèi)有所作為? 我今天想告訴各位,那些我們自以為了解的冷漠 其實(shí)并不存在, 相反,人們真的在乎, 我們生活的世界中, 我們不斷地在我們的前方 設(shè)置障礙和壁壘以阻礙參與。
And I'll give you some examples of what I mean. Let's start with city hall. You ever see one of these before? This is a newspaper ad. It's a notice of a zoning application change for a new office building so the neighborhood knows what's happening. As you can see, it's impossible to read. You need to get halfway down to even find out which address they're talking about, and then farther down, in tiny 10-point font, to find out how to actually get involved. Imagine if the private sector advertised in the same way -- if Nike wanted to sell a pair of shoes and put an ad in the paper like that. (Applause) Now that would never happen. You'll never see an ad like that because Nike actually wants you to buy their shoes. Whereas the city of Toronto clearly doesn't want you involved with the planning process, otherwise their ads would look something like this -- with all the information basically laid out clearly. As long as the city's putting out notices like this to try to get people engaged, then of course people aren't going to be engaged. But that's not apathy; that's intentional exclusion.
我會(huì)給些例子來(lái)做說(shuō)明。 讓我們從市政廳開始。 各位以前見(jiàn)過(guò)這類東西么? 這是個(gè)報(bào)紙廣告。 這是份新辦公樓區(qū)劃變更申請(qǐng)的通知 讓鄰近的人就能知道發(fā)生了什么。 正如各位所見(jiàn),這簡(jiǎn)直沒(méi)法讀。 需要半道停下來(lái) 去弄明白他們說(shuō)的地址是哪兒, 接著往下讀,用微小的10號(hào)字體 標(biāo)明了如何才能參與其中。 想象一下私營(yíng)機(jī)構(gòu)也用同樣的方式廣告 -- 試想一下,耐克想銷售一雙鞋 并用這樣的廣告在報(bào)紙上做廣告。 (掌聲) 這永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)發(fā)生。 各位永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)看到這樣的廣告, 因?yàn)槟涂耸钦娴南胱屇銈內(nèi)ベ?gòu)買他們的鞋子。 然而多倫多市 顯然不想你們參與規(guī)劃過(guò)程, 不然他們的廣告應(yīng)該是這樣的 -- 基本上所有的信息都清楚地列出來(lái)。 只要市政府還在發(fā)布像這樣的通知 來(lái)讓人們參與其中, 那么人們當(dāng)然不會(huì)參與。 但這不是冷漠; 這是有意地排斥。
Public space. The manner in which we mistreat our public spaces is a huge obstacle towards any type of progressive political change because we've essentially put a price tag on freedom of expression. Whoever has the most money gets the loudest voice, dominating the visual and mental environment. The problem with this model is that there are some amazing messages that need to be said that aren't profitable to say. So you're never going to see them on a billboard.
公共空間。 (掌聲) 我們?cè)闾9部臻g的行為 對(duì)任何類型的進(jìn)步政治變革來(lái)說(shuō) 都是一個(gè)巨大的障礙。 因?yàn)楸举|(zhì)上,我們?cè)谘哉撟杂缮腺N上了價(jià)格標(biāo)簽。 最有錢的人有最大的發(fā)言權(quán), 并支配著視覺(jué)和心理環(huán)境。 這一觀念的問(wèn)題在于 有些需要傳遞的很棒的訊息 是無(wú)利可圖的。 因此,絕不會(huì)在布告板上看到它們。
The media plays an important role in developing our relationship with political change, mainly by ignoring politics and focusing on celebrities and scandals, but even when they do talk about important political issues, they do it in a way that I feel discourages engagement. And I'll give you an example: the Now magazine from last week -- progressive, downtown weekly in Toronto. This is the cover story. It's an article about a theater performance, and it starts with basic information about where it is, in case you actually want to go and see it after you've read the article -- where, the time, the website. Same with this -- it's a movie review, an art review, a book review -- where the reading is in case you want to go. A restaurant -- you might not want to just read about it, maybe you want to go to the restaurant. So they tell you where it is, what the prices are, the address, the phone number, etc.
在發(fā)展我們與政治變革的關(guān)系上, 媒體扮演了一個(gè)重要的角色, 主要是通過(guò)忽視政治, 專注于名流和丑聞做到這些的。 但甚至他們?cè)谟懻撝匾?政治問(wèn)題時(shí), 也是以一種阻礙參與的方式。 我來(lái)舉個(gè)例子:上周的現(xiàn)在雜志 -- 進(jìn)步者,多倫多市中心每周發(fā)行。 這是個(gè)封面故事。 它是一篇關(guān)于劇場(chǎng)演出的文章, 以在哪兒演出的基本的信息開始, 在你閱讀了這篇文章后,一旦你真的想去看看 -- 地點(diǎn),時(shí)間,網(wǎng)址一目了然。 這篇也一樣 -- 這是篇電影評(píng)論, 一篇藝術(shù)評(píng)論, 一篇書評(píng) --假若你想去讀讀,在哪兒能讀到。 一家餐館 -- 或許你不僅僅是想讀讀, 也許你想去那家餐館美餐一頓。 因此他們告訴你餐館在哪兒,價(jià)格, 地址,電話,等等。
Then you get to their political articles. Here's a great article about an important election race that's happening. It talks about the candidates -- written very well -- but no information, no follow-up, no websites for the campaigns, no information about when the debates are, where the campaign offices are. Here's another good article about a new campaign opposing privatization of transit without any contact information for the campaign. The message seems to be that the readers are most likely to want to eat, maybe read a book, maybe see a movie, but not be engaged in their community. And you might think this is a small thing, but I think it's important because it sets a tone and it reinforces the dangerous idea that politics is a spectator sport.
然后我們看看政治文章。 這是一篇關(guān)于正在進(jìn)行的重要選舉的很好的文章。 論及候選人 -- 寫的非常棒 -- 但沒(méi)有信息,沒(méi)有尋根問(wèn)底, 沒(méi)有競(jìng)選者的網(wǎng)站, 沒(méi)有關(guān)于辯論時(shí)間,競(jìng)選辦公室的地址等信息。 這另一篇好文章 是關(guān)于反對(duì)交通運(yùn)輸私有化的一場(chǎng)新運(yùn)動(dòng) 其中沒(méi)有任何關(guān)于這一運(yùn)動(dòng)的聯(lián)系信息。 這似乎表明 讀者最有可能想去品嘗美食, 或是讀一本書,或是看一場(chǎng)電影,但并沒(méi)在他們的社區(qū)中參與活動(dòng)。 各位也許會(huì)認(rèn)為這是小事, 但我認(rèn)為這很重要,因?yàn)檫@樹立了一個(gè)榜樣 并且加強(qiáng)了政治是項(xiàng)觀賞性活動(dòng) 這一危險(xiǎn)看法。
Heroes: How do we view leadership? Look at these 10 movies. What do they have in common? Anyone? They all have heroes who were chosen. Someone came up to them and said, "You're the chosen one. There's a prophesy. You have to save the world." And then someone goes off and saves the world because they've been told to, with a few people tagging along. This helps me understand why a lot of people have trouble seeing themselves as leaders because it sends all the wrong messages about what leadership is about. A heroic effort is a collective effort, number one. Number two, it's imperfect; it's not very glamorous, and it doesn't suddenly start and suddenly end. It's an ongoing process your whole life. But most importantly, it's voluntary. It's voluntary. As long as we're teaching our kids that heroism starts when someone scratches a mark on your forehead, or someone tells you that you're part of a prophecy, they're missing the most important characteristic of leadership, which is that it comes from within. It's about following your own dreams -- uninvited, uninvited -- and then working with others to make those dreams come true.
英雄:我們?cè)趺纯创I(lǐng)導(dǎo)力? 看看這10部電影。它們有什么共同之處? 有人知道么? 它們中都有被選中的英雄。 有人走到他們面前說(shuō),“你就是被選中的那個(gè)人。 這是預(yù)言。你必須去拯救世界。” 接著有人動(dòng)身去拯救世界,因?yàn)樗麄儽桓嬷@么做, 身邊只跟隨了幾個(gè)人。 這讓我理解了 為什么許多人很難把自己視為領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者。 因?yàn)殛P(guān)于什么是領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力有太多的錯(cuò)誤信息。 英雄式的壯舉是集體的努力, 第一點(diǎn)。 第二點(diǎn),它不完美;它不是很迷人; 它不是突然開始并突然結(jié)束的。 它是個(gè)持續(xù)一生的過(guò)程。 但最重要地是,它是自愿的。 它是自愿的。 只要我們還在教導(dǎo)我們的孩子 英雄事跡從有人在你額頭畫上標(biāo)記時(shí)開始, 或是有人告訴你,你是預(yù)言的一部分時(shí)開始, 他們錯(cuò)過(guò)了領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力中最重要的特質(zhì), 而這是來(lái)自于內(nèi)心的。 最重要的是追尋自己的夢(mèng)想 -- 未經(jīng)邀請(qǐng)地,自發(fā)地 -- 然后與他人一起努力實(shí)現(xiàn)這些夢(mèng)想。
Political parties: oh boy. Political parties could and should be one of the basic entry points for people to get engaged in politics. Instead, they've become, sadly, uninspiring and uncreative organizations that rely so heavily on market research and polling and focus groups that they end up all saying the same thing, pretty much regurgitating back to us what we already want to hear at the expense of putting forward bold and creative ideas. And people can smell that, and it feeds cynicism.
政黨:哇! 政黨能夠成為并且應(yīng)該是 人們參與政治的 基本切入點(diǎn)之一。 相反,它們已經(jīng)悲哀地成為 缺乏創(chuàng)見(jiàn)的和缺乏創(chuàng)造性的組織 它們高度依賴市場(chǎng)調(diào)查、 投票和 總是能最終達(dá)成一致的焦點(diǎn)群體, 我們總是聽到我們想聽的, 而不是提出切實(shí)大膽創(chuàng)新的觀點(diǎn)。 人們能感覺(jué)到這些,這成了冷嘲熱諷。 (掌聲)
Charitable status: Groups who have charitable status in Canada aren't allowed to do advocacy. This is a huge problem and a huge obstacle to change because it means that some of the most passionate and informed voices are completely silenced, especially during election time. Which leads us to the last one, which is our elections.
慈善組織: 在加拿大,擁有慈善組織的團(tuán)體不允許擁護(hù)某個(gè)候選者。 這是個(gè)大問(wèn)題,也是變革的巨大障礙, 因?yàn)檫@意味著一些最熱情的最知情的聲音 將完全消失,尤其是在選舉期間。 最后一點(diǎn), 就是我們的選舉。
As you may have noticed, our elections in Canada are a complete joke. We use out-of-date systems that are unfair and create random results. Canada's currently led by a party that most Canadians didn't actually want. How can we honestly and genuinely encourage more people to vote when votes don't count in Canada? You add all this up together and of course people are apathetic. It's like trying to run into a brick wall.
各位或許已經(jīng)注意到了,加拿大的選舉完全是個(gè)笑話。 我們使用落后的系統(tǒng) 這會(huì)產(chǎn)生一些不公平且隨意的結(jié)果。 加拿大當(dāng)前正由一個(gè) 多數(shù)加拿大人并不認(rèn)可的政黨領(lǐng)導(dǎo)著。 當(dāng)在加拿大投票并不算數(shù)時(shí), 我們?nèi)绾文苷\(chéng)實(shí)地真誠(chéng)地鼓勵(lì)更多的人去投票呢? 把所有這些放在一起 人們當(dāng)然缺乏興趣。 這就像試著玩兒穿墻術(shù)。
Now I'm not trying to be negative by throwing all these obstacles out and explaining what's in our way. Quite the opposite: I actually think people are amazing and smart and that they do care. But that, as I said, we live in this environment where all these obstacles are being put in our way. As long as we believe that people, our own neighbors, are selfish, stupid or lazy, then there's no hope. But we can change all those things I mentioned. We can open up city hall. We can reform our electoral systems. We can democratize our public spaces.
我現(xiàn)在列舉出這些障礙, 說(shuō)明我們面對(duì)的困難并不是想變得消極。 恰恰相反:我確實(shí)認(rèn)為人們很棒很聰明 而且他們真的在乎。 但正如我說(shuō)過(guò)的,我們生活在一個(gè) 充滿坎坷的環(huán)境之中。 只要我們還在認(rèn)為人們,我們的鄰居, 是自私的、愚蠢的或是懶惰的, 就沒(méi)有希望。 但我們能改變所有這些我所提到的事情。 我們能敞開市政廳。 我們能改良我們的選舉系統(tǒng)。 我們能使我們的公共空間民主化。
My main message is, if we can redefine apathy, not as some kind of internal syndrome, but as a complex web of cultural barriers that reinforces disengagement, and if we can clearly define, we can clearly identify, what those obstacles are, and then if we can work together collectively to dismantle those obstacles, then anything is possible.
我的主旨是, 如果我們重新定義冷漠, 不把它視作某種內(nèi)在癥狀, 而是把它視為阻止我們參與的 文化障礙的復(fù)雜網(wǎng)絡(luò), 如果我們能清晰地定義它,我們就能清晰地識(shí)別出 哪些是障礙, 而后,如果我們能一起協(xié)作去除這些障礙, 一切皆有可能。
Thank you.
謝謝。
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