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宋美齡美國演講：戰(zhàn)爭無法讓中國屈膝
1943年2月18日，宋美齡在羅斯�？偨y(tǒng)夫人的陪同下，在美國國會(huì)發(fā)表演講，以略帶美國南方口音的英語把中國的英勇抗戰(zhàn)介紹給美國政府和人民，以喚起美國對中國的同情與更進(jìn)一步支持。她的演講多次贏得雷鳴般的掌聲，直至最后全體起立熱烈鼓掌。
演講內(nèi)容英漢雙語對照：
Mr. Speaker and Members of the Congress of the United States: At any time it would be a privilege for me to address Congress, more especially this present august body which will have so much to do in shaping the destiny of the world. In speaking to Congress I am literally speaking to the American people.
議長、美國眾議院諸位議員：無論何時(shí)，余得向貴國國會(huì)致詞，實(shí)屬榮幸;尤在今日，余得向一莊嚴(yán)偉大之團(tuán)體，對于世界命運(yùn)之形成有絕大影響如貴院者致詞，尤屬特別榮幸。余向貴國國會(huì)演說，實(shí)際上系向美國人民演說。
The Seventy-seventh Congress, as their representatives, fulfilled the obligations and responsibilities of its trust by declaring war on the aggressors. That part of the duty of the people’s representatives was discharged in 1941. The task now confronting you is to help win the war and to create and uphold a lasting peace which will justify the sacrifices and sufferings of the victims of aggression.
貴國第七十七屆國會(huì)，以代表美國人民之資格，對侵略者宣戰(zhàn)，已盡其人民所信托之義務(wù)與責(zé)任。此為人民代表之一部分職責(zé)，早已在一九四一年履行。諸君當(dāng)前之要?jiǎng)?wù)，乃協(xié)助爭取勝利，并創(chuàng)建與維護(hù)一種永久之和平，俾此次遭受侵略者之一切犧牲與痛苦，具有意義。
First of all, I want to assure you that the American people have every right to be proud of their fighting men in so many parts of the world. I am particularly thinking of those of your boys in the far-flung, out-of-the-way stations and areas where life is attended by dreary drabness—this because their duty is not one of spectacular performance and they are not buoyed up by excitement of battle. They are called upon, day after colorless day, to perform routine duties such as safeguarding defenses and preparing for possible enemy action.
余首愿確告諸君，美國人民對于分布全球各地之美國戰(zhàn)士實(shí)足以自豪。余尤念及駐扎遠(yuǎn)處偏僻地區(qū)，生活至感寂寥之貴國壯士。蓋此輩任務(wù)，既不能有顯赫之表現(xiàn)，亦無振作精神之戰(zhàn)事，而系日復(fù)一日，僅奉命擔(dān)負(fù)其例行任務(wù)，如守衛(wèi)防御工事，并準(zhǔn)備抵抗敵方可能之蠢動(dòng)而已。
It has been said, and I find it true from personal experience, that it is easier to risk one’s life on the battlefield than it is to perform customary humble and humdrum duties which, however, are just as necessary to winning the war. Some of your troops are stationed in isolated spots quite out of reach of ordinary communications. Some of your boys have had to fly hundreds of hours over the sea from an improvised airfield in quests often disappointingly fruitless, of enemy submarines.
有人曾謂，親臨陣地，出死入生，猶易于日復(fù)一日擔(dān)任低微單調(diào)之工作，余之經(jīng)驗(yàn)亦復(fù)證實(shí)此言。然而后一種工作，對于抗戰(zhàn)之獲勝，正與前一種同屬必要。貴國若干部隊(duì)，駐扎在遙遠(yuǎn)隔絕地點(diǎn)，非平常交通所能到達(dá)。貴國若干壯士，必須用臨時(shí)趕筑之機(jī)場，飛行海面，經(jīng)數(shù)百小時(shí)之久，以搜尋敵方之潛艇，往往一無所遇，廢然而返。
They, and others, have to stand the monotony of waiting—just waiting. But, as I told them, true patriotism lies in possessing the morale and physical stamina to perform faithfully and conscientiously the daily tasks so that in the sum total the weakest link is the strongest.
貴國此輩健兒，以及其他壯士，均系作單調(diào)乏味之守候，日復(fù)一日之守候。但余曾告彼等，真正之愛國心乃在具有能忠誠執(zhí)行日常任務(wù)之士氣與體力，庶使在最后結(jié)果中最弱之一環(huán)，亦即為最強(qiáng)之一環(huán)。
Your soldiers have shown conclusively that they are able stoically to endure homesickness, the glaring dryness, and scorching heat of the Tropics, and keep themselves fit and in excellent fighting trim. They are amongst the unsung heroes of this war, and everything possible to lighten their tedium and buoy up their morale should be done. That sacred duty is yours.
貴國士兵，已確實(shí)表現(xiàn)，能沉著堅(jiān)毅忍受思鄉(xiāng)之苦，忍受熱帶之干燥與酷熱，并能保持其準(zhǔn)備隨時(shí)作戰(zhàn)之強(qiáng)健身體與精神。彼輩亦屬此次戰(zhàn)爭中無名英雄之列。凡足減輕其煩悶，振奮其精神之一切可能措施均應(yīng)一一采取。此項(xiàng)神圣責(zé)任，自在諸君。
The American Army is better fed than any army in the world.This does not mean, however, that they can live indefinitely on canned food without having the effects tell on them. These admittedly are the minor hardships of war, especially when we pause to consider that in many parts of the world, starvation prevails. But peculiarly enough, oftentimes it is not the major problems of existence which irk a man’s soul; it is rather the pin pricks, especially those incidental to a life of deadly sameness, with tempers frayed out and nervous systems torn to shreds.
就美國軍隊(duì)之飲食而言，固較任何他國軍隊(duì)之飲食為優(yōu)，但此非謂彼等可長此專恃罐頭食物，而健康上不至感受任何影響也。以上所舉，殆為戰(zhàn)爭中之輕微困苦;若一念及世界上許多地方尚有饑饉流行，則更覺上述困苦之為輕微。雖然，天下事亦有難言者。擾人心靈使人煩悶者，往往并非為生存之主要問題，而系瑣細(xì)之刺激，尤其是在單調(diào)無聊生活中所受之瑣細(xì)刺激，足以令人性情暴躁，心魂欲裂.
The second impression of my trip is that America is not only the cauldron of democracy, but the incubator of democratic principles. At some of the places I visited, I met the crews of your air bases. There I found first generation Germans, Italians, Frenchmen, Poles, Czechoslovakians, and other nationals. Some of them had accents so thick that, if such a thing were possible, one could not cut them with a butter knife. But there they were—all Americans, all devoted to the same ideals, all working for the same cause and united by the same high purpose. No suspicion or rivalry existed between them. This increased my belief and faith that devotion to common principles eliminates differences in race, and that identity of ideals is the strongest possible solvent of racial dissimilarities.
余在此次行程中所獲之第二印象，即美國不僅為民主制度之镕爐，而且為民主主義之胚胎。余參觀各地時(shí)，曾于數(shù)處晤見貴國空軍基地飛行服務(wù)人員，在此輩人員中余即發(fā)現(xiàn)有德、意、法、波、捷及其他國籍人民遷往美國之第一代移民。其中有的鄉(xiāng)音之重，殊難言喻。然而彼輩固共同遠(yuǎn)征在外，悉數(shù)為美國人，悉數(shù)忠心于共同之理想，悉數(shù)為同一目的而奮斗，悉數(shù)為同一崇高宗旨而精誠團(tuán)結(jié)，既不彼此猜疑，亦不互相爭競。此一事實(shí)，益加強(qiáng)余向所抱持之信念與信仰;即對于共同原則之忠心，可以泯滅種族之差異，而且各種理想之相同，乃是對于種族分歧最強(qiáng)之溶解劑。
I have reached your country, therefore, with no misgivings, but with my belief that the American people are building and carrying out a true pattern of the Nation conceived by your forebears, strengthened and confirmed. You, as representatives of the American people, have before you the glorious opportunity of carrying on the pioneer work of your ancestors, beyond the frontiers of physical and geographical limitations. Their brawn and thews braved undauntedly almost unbelievable hardships to open up a new continent.
因是之故，余此次抵達(dá)貴國，不特衷心毫無惴慮，而且具有一種信心，即美國人民正在建立與實(shí)施一種確系其祖先所懷抱之立國典型。此種信心，益見加強(qiáng)而證實(shí)。諸君為美國人民之代表，目前有一光榮機(jī)會(huì)，使汝祖先之開國工作，發(fā)揚(yáng)光大，超越物體與地理限制之疆界。諸君之祖先曾以大無畏之精神，冒不可思議之困難，篳路襤褸以開發(fā)新大陸。
The modern world lauds them for their vigor and intensity of purpose, and for their accomplishment. Your have today before you the immeasurably greater opportunity to implement these same ideals and to help bring about the liberation of man’s spirit in every part of the world. In order to accomplish this purpose, we of the United Nations must now so prosecute the war that victory will be ours decisively and with all good speed.
現(xiàn)代人士，無不贊美其精力過人，宗旨堅(jiān)定，以及成功卓著。諸君今日，當(dāng)前正有一更無限偉大之機(jī)會(huì)，可以繼續(xù)發(fā)揮汝祖先所懷抱之理想，并協(xié)助完成解放全球各地人類之精神。為求完成此項(xiàng)目的，身為聯(lián)合國之一員，必須盡力加強(qiáng)作戰(zhàn)，俾聯(lián)合國早日獲得最后之勝利。
Sun-tse, the well-known Chinese strategist said, “In order to win, know thyself and thy enemy.” We have also the saying: “It takes little effort to watch the other fellow carry the load.”
中國著名兵家孫子有言，“知彼知己，勝乃不殆”。吾人另有一諺語云：“看人挑擔(dān)不吃力。”
In spite of these teachings from a wise old past, which are shared by every nation, there has been a tendency to belittle the strength of our opponents.
此等名言，來自明哲久遠(yuǎn)之古代，實(shí)乃每一民族所共有，然而仍有一種輕視吾敵人力量之趨勢。
When Japan thrust total war on China in 1937 military experts of every nation did not give China even a ghost of a chance. But when Japan failed to bring China cringing to her knees as she vaunted, the world took solace in this phenomenon by declaring that they had overestimated Japan’s military might.
當(dāng)一九三七年日本軍閥發(fā)動(dòng)其全面對華戰(zhàn)爭時(shí)，各國軍事專家，咸認(rèn)中國無一線獲勝之希望。但日本并不能如其所夸，迫使中國屈膝;于是舉世人士，對此現(xiàn)象，深感慰藉，并謂當(dāng)初對于日本武力，估計(jì)過高。
Nevertheless, when the greedy flames of war inexorably spread in the Pacific following the perfidious attack on Pearl Harbor, Malaya, and lands in and around the China Sea, and one after another of these places fell, the pendulum swung to the other extreme. Doubts and fears lifted their ugly heads and the world began to think that the Japanese were Nietzschean supermen, superior in intellect and physical prowess, a belief which the Gobineaus and the Houston Chamberlains and their apt pupils, the Nazi racists, had propounded about the Nordics.
雖然，自日本對于珍珠港、馬來亞，以及南洋一帶加以背信無恥之襲擊后，戰(zhàn)爭之貪狂火焰，彌漫太平洋上，而各該地域，相繼失守，一時(shí)觀感，遂又趨向另一極端。于是懷疑憂懼之猙獰面目乃大暴露。世界人士由此遂視日本人為尼采所稱之超人，在智力上與體力上均超越他國人民。其實(shí)此項(xiàng)信念，乃古皮諾派豪斯敦、張伯倫派，以及其得意門徒納粹種族主義派，對于北歐人所發(fā)揮者。
Again, now the prevailing opinion seems to consider the defeat of the Japanese as of relative unimportance and that Hitler is our first concern. This is not borne out by actual facts, nor is it to the interests of the United Nations as a whole to allow Japan to continue not only as a vital potential threat but as a waiting sword of Damocles, ready to descend at a moment’s notice.
不寧惟是，就現(xiàn)時(shí)流行之意見而言，則又似認(rèn)為擊敗日本，為目前比較次要之事，而吾人首應(yīng)對付者，則為希特勒。但事實(shí)證明，并不如此。且即為聯(lián)合國整體利益著想，吾人亦不宜繼續(xù)縱容日本使其不獨(dú)為一主要之潛伏威脅，且為德瑪克利斯頭上之懸劍，隨時(shí)可以墜落。
The victories won by the United Sates Navy at Midway and the Coral Sea are doubtless steps in the right direction—they are merely steps in the right direction—for the magnificent fight that was waged at Guadalcanal during the past 6 months attests to the fact that the defeat of the forces of evil though long and arduous will finally come to pass. For have we not on the side of righteousness and justice staunch allies in Great Britain, Russia, and other brave and indomitable peoples? Meanwhile the peril of the Japanese juggernaut remains. Japanese military might must be decimated as a fighting force before its threat to civilization is removed.
美國海軍在中途島及珊瑚海所獲得之勝利，其方向?yàn)檎_，顯然無疑，惟亦僅為向正確方向之前進(jìn)步驟而已。蓋過去六個(gè)月在瓜達(dá)康納爾之英勇作戰(zhàn)，已證明一項(xiàng)事實(shí)，即兇惡勢力之潰敗，雖尚需時(shí)而費(fèi)力，最后必將到來。吾人站在正義與公道方面豈無英、蘇與其他英勇不屈之民族為吾人忠實(shí)之盟邦乎?惟是日本侵略惡魔繼續(xù)為禍之可能，依然存在。日本之武力，必須予以徹底摧毀，使其不復(fù)能作戰(zhàn)，始可解除日本對于文明之威脅。
When the Seventy-seventh Congress declared war against Japan, Germany, and Italy, Congress for the moment had done its work. It now remains for you, the present Representatives of the American people, to point the way to win the war, to help construct a world in which all peoples may henceforth live in harmony and peace.
貴國第七十七屆國會(huì)，向日、德、義三國宣戰(zhàn)。就其在當(dāng)時(shí)而言，貴國國會(huì)確已完成其工作。就今日而論，則有待于諸君。諸君為貴國人民之代表，當(dāng)有以指示取得勝利之途徑，并協(xié)助建立一新世界，使一切民族此后得相處于融洽與和平之中。
May I not hope that it is the resolve of Congress to devote itself to the creation of the post-war world? To dedicate itself to the preparation for the brighter future that a stricken world so eagerly awaits?
余豈可不希望，美國國會(huì)之決心，乃在盡力于創(chuàng)立戰(zhàn)后新世界，乃在盡力于準(zhǔn)備水深火熱之世界所殷切期待之較光明前途乎?
We of this generation who are privileged to help make a better world for ourselves and for posterity should remember that, while we must not be visionary, we must have vision so that peace should not be punitive in spirit and should not be provincial or nationalistic or even continental in concept, but universal in scope and humanitarian in action, for modern science has so annihilated distance that what affects one people must of necessity affect all other peoples.
吾人生于今世，有為吾人自身以及子子孫孫建立一較美滿世界之光榮機(jī)會(huì)。所應(yīng)牢記不忘者，即一方面固不可抱持過高理想，另一方面卻亦必須具有相當(dāng)理想，使未來之和平在精神上不至成為專對戰(zhàn)敗者之懲罰，在概念上不至以一區(qū)域或一國家甚或一大陸為對象，而以全世界為范圍，而其行動(dòng)亦必須合乎人道主義。蓋現(xiàn)代科學(xué)，已將距離縮短至如此程度，以致凡影響一民族之事物，勢必同時(shí)影響其他一切民族。
The term “hands and feet” is often used in China to signify the relationship between brothers. Since international interdependence is now so universally recognized, can we not also say that all nations should become members of one corporate body?
“手足”一詞，在中國用以表示兄弟間之關(guān)系。國際間之相互依賴，今既已如此普遍承認(rèn)，吾人豈不能亦謂一切國家應(yīng)成為一集(咔咔)合體之分子乎?
The 160 years of traditional friendship between our two great peoples, China and America, which has never been marred by misunderstandings, is unsurpassed in the annals of the world.
中、美兩大民族間一百六十年來之傳統(tǒng)友誼，從未染有誤會(huì)之污痕，此在世界歷史中，誠無出其右者。
I can also assure you that China is eager and ready to cooperate with you and other peoples to lay a true and lasting foundation for a sane and progressive world society which would make it impossible for any arrogant or predatory neighbor to plunge future generations into another orgy of blood.
余亦能確告諸君，吾人渴望并準(zhǔn)備與諸君及其他民族合作，共同奠定一種真實(shí)與持久之基礎(chǔ)，以建設(shè)一合理而進(jìn)步之世界社會(huì)，使任何恣肆驕狂或劫掠成性之鄰國，不復(fù)能使后世之人，再遭流血之慘劇。
In the past China has not computed the cost to her manpower in her fight against aggression, although she well realized that manpower is the real wealth of a nation and it takes generations to grow it. She has been soberly conscious of her responsibilities and has not concerned herself with privileges and gains which she might have obtained through compromise of principles. Nor will she demean herself and all she holds dear to the practice of the market place.
中國雖明知人力一項(xiàng)，乃一國之真正富源，并需累代之久始能成長，然中國在其反侵略戰(zhàn)爭中，從未計(jì)及其在人力方面所受之損失。中國對于其本身所負(fù)之各種責(zé)任，深切明了;對于如何而可在原則方面妥協(xié)讓步以獲得種種權(quán)益，則從未顧及。中國對于其本身，對于其所珍愛尊重之一切，亦決不稍降品格，而循商場中市儈之行徑。
We in China, like you, want a better world, not for ourselves alone, but for all mankind, and we must have it. It is not enough, however, to proclaim our ideals or even to be convinced that we have them. In order to preserve, uphold, and maintain them, there are times when we should throw all we cherish into our effort to fulfill these ideals even at the risk of failure.
我中國國民，正與諸君相同，不僅為吾人本身，且更為人類全體，希望有一較佳之世界;實(shí)則必須有此較佳之世界。然僅宣布吾人之理想，甚或確信吾人具有此種理想，尚嫌不足。蓋欲保存、支撐，并維持此等理想，有時(shí)必須不惜犧牲一切，甚至甘冒失敗之危險(xiǎn)，以努力促其實(shí)現(xiàn)。
The teachings drawn from our late leader, Dr. Sun Yat-sen, have given our people the fortitude to carry on. From 5 1/2 years of experience we in China are convinced that it is the better part of wisdom not to accept failure ignominiously, but to risk it gloriously. We shall have faith that, at the writing of peace, American and our other gallant allies will not be obtunded by the mirage of contingent reasons of expediency.
吾人已故領(lǐng)袖孫逸仙博士所示之訓(xùn)范，已給予吾國人民奮斗前進(jìn)之毅力。我中國人民根據(jù)五年又半之經(jīng)驗(yàn)，確信光明正大之甘冒失敗，較諸卑鄙可恥之接受失敗，更為明智。吾人將有一項(xiàng)信念，即在訂立和議之時(shí)，美國以及其他英勇之盟友，將不致為一時(shí)種種權(quán)宜理由所迷惑。
Man’s mettle is tested both in adversity and in success. Twice is this true of the soul of a nation.
個(gè)人之品德，于困厄中驗(yàn)之，亦于成功中驗(yàn)之。以言一國之精神，倍加真確。
人物簡介：
宋美齡（1897年3月-2003年10月24日），女，海南文昌人，出生于上海，中國近現(xiàn)代史上有影響的知名人士。曾致力于中國人民抗日戰(zhàn)爭，反對國家分裂，期盼海峽兩岸和平統(tǒng)一、中華民族興盛。
2003年10月24日，宋美齡在美國紐約曼哈頓家中去世，享年106歲。宋美齡逝世后，時(shí)任全國政協(xié)主席賈慶林給宋美齡親屬發(fā)唁電，對宋美齡女士逝世表示深切哀悼。
人物評價(jià)：
張學(xué)良：宋美齡絕頂聰明，是“近代中國找不出第二個(gè)來”的人物。西安事變之后，我之所以沒有被殺，是因?yàn)槭Y夫人保護(hù)了我。
冰心《我所見到的蔣夫人》：一九二四年，我在美國威爾斯利女子大學(xué)留學(xué)時(shí)我的美國老師們經(jīng)常自豪地和我說，本校有一位中國留學(xué)生，即一九一七年畢業(yè)的宋美齡小姐，她非常的聰明、漂亮。
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