黑色幽默緩解壓力

　　with so much bad news in the workplace, gallows humor is making a comeback。

　　由于工作場所的壞消息如此之多，黑色幽默又卷土重來了。

　　even president obama used it recently. in a march “60 minutes” interview, he chuckled when discussing the dire state of parts of the economy.“i just want to say that the only thing less popular than putting money into banks is putting money into the auto industry,” he said with a laugh, the ap reported。

　　甚至連奧巴馬總統(tǒng)也不能免俗。今年3月，他接受“60分鐘”(60 minutes)節(jié)目采訪時談到了美國部分經(jīng)濟領(lǐng)域的困難狀況。據(jù)美聯(lián)社報導，奧巴馬笑著說，我想說的是比向銀行注入資金還不受歡迎的一件事就是向汽車業(yè)注資了。

　　interviewer steve kroft asked how that laughter might be perceived, given the economy's troubles.“there's got to be a little gallows humor to get you through the day,” mr. obama said。

　　負責采訪的克羅夫特(steve kroft)問，在到當前的經(jīng)濟困境之下，這有什么好笑的。奧巴馬說，總得有點兒黑色幽默讓人們撐下去。

　　it may seem like a mistake, or at least in poor taste, to find humor in such dark times. some co-workers may disprove. but psychologists say that gallows humor can be an important way to relieve stress。

　　在如此陰郁的當下去尋找幽默似乎是種錯誤，或至少是種惡趣味。一些人可能對此無法茍同。但心理學家們認為，黑色幽默可能成為一種重要的解壓方式。

　　“humor makes you feel in control and it can give you that feeling that everything is okay even when it's not,” says james m. jones, a psychology professor at the university of delaware。

　　特拉華大學(university of delaware)心理學教授瓊斯(james m. jones)說，幽默令你覺得自己掌控著局面，并讓你覺得一切都沒問題，即使實情并非如此。

　　psychologists say that just because you're laughing doesn't mean you're wasting time. you're actually making yourself─and those around you─better employees. occasional teasing and banter among colleagues, particularly if it revolves around things associated with the job, can boost creativity, departmental cohesiveness and performance, they say。

　　心理學家們說，你在笑并不意味著你在浪費時間。你實際上是在讓自己以及周圍的'人成為更好的員工。他們說，同事之間偶爾開開玩笑逗逗樂，尤其是如果圍繞著與工作相關(guān)的事，可以提高創(chuàng)造力和部門凝聚力，并提升工作表現(xiàn)。

　　“there are a lot of stressors out there,” says ed dunkelblau, a psychologist and corporate consultant with the institute for emotionally intelligent learning in chicago. “humor is a way of making difficult things a little less difficult.”

　　芝加哥的情緒智商研究院(institute for emotionally intelligent learning)心理學家、企業(yè)顧問ed dunkelblau說，現(xiàn)在存在著許多讓人緊張的因素，幽默是令麻煩事變得不那么煩的一種方式。

　　this is as long as the humor is used for the right purpose. the main point of it should be motivating people─not mocking them. “anything that would lift morale in terms of the company would be good humor,” says thierry guedj, a professor of business and psychology at boston university.“before you say or do anything, think about,‘how is this helping my employees' morale?’unlike when michael scott makes jokes on ‘the office’ (‘he gets people demotivated,' dr. guedj says)， you want to boost the staff's confidence and increase its solidarity。”

　　只要幽默用對了地方就能達到這樣的效果。其重點應當在于給人以激勵，而不是嘲笑。波士頓大學商務和心理學教授thierry guedj說，只要能提升公司的士氣，那就是好的幽默。在你說或做任何事之前，想想“這樣對員工的士氣有什么幫助?不要像斯科特(michael scott)在情景劇《辦公室的故事》(the office)里開玩笑那樣(guedj說，他就是在給其他人泄氣)，而應當提高員工的信心、增進團結(jié)。

　　you want to give your employees and co-workers a sense of belonging, so don't make observations that are aggressive, sarcastic or alienating. 'avoid anything that stereotypes people,' dr. guedj says. most obviously, he says, don't make comments about people's ethnicity, physical appearance, sexual preference or faith. an easy check for what to do or say in murkier territory: if you have any doubt it's appropriate, don't go through with it。

　　你得讓員工和同事有歸屬感，因此不要說具有攻擊性、諷刺挖苦或是挑撥離間的話。guedj說，要避免對人們帶有成見的言論。最顯著的是，不要評論他人的種族、長相、性取向或宗教信仰。對于不太明確的領(lǐng)域什么該說什么不該說，有一個簡易的衡量方法：如果你對自己想說或者想做的存在疑問，那就不要做。

　　or take aim at the one person you know won't be offended: yourself. “if there's going to be a butt to a joke or story, it should be you,” mr. dunkelblau says. for example, if you're a marketing manager reviewing a failed campaign you authorized, begin with a line like,“the guy who signed off on this deal might just be looking for work next week.”that's gallows-humor gold。

　　或者將靶子對準你知道不會得罪的那個人：你自己。dunkelblau說，要是一個笑話或是故事得有個笑料，那應該是你自己。比如說，如果你是市場推廣經(jīng)理，評價你自己授權(quán)的一個失敗的廣告宣傳活動，那你就可以用這句話作為開場白：簽字批準這個活動的家伙下周可能就得去找新工作了。這是黑色幽默的精髓所在。

　　“people with the ability to laugh at themselves can give other people permission to laugh at themselves too,” mr. jones says.“and if you can laugh at yourself, you feel better about yourself.”

　　瓊斯說，能夠自嘲的人會讓其他人也可以自嘲。而要是能自嘲的話，你就會對自己感覺好一點兒。

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