初二英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)盤點(diǎn)
初二英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)學(xué)的是什么呢?有哪些知識(shí)點(diǎn)是重要的呢?接下來(lái)CN人才網(wǎng)小編為大家?guī)?lái)的是初二英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)相關(guān)內(nèi)容,歡迎大家閱讀借鑒。
【重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)】
1. fewer people 更少的人(fewer修飾名詞復(fù)數(shù),表示否定)
2. less free time 更少的空閑時(shí)間(less修飾不可數(shù)名詞,表示否定)
3. in ten years 10年后(in的時(shí)間短語(yǔ)用于將來(lái)時(shí),提問(wèn)用How soon)
4. fall in love with„ 愛(ài)上„
例:When I met Mr. Xu for the first time, I fell in love with him at once
當(dāng)我第一次見(jiàn)到許老師,我立刻愛(ài)上他
5. live alone 單獨(dú)居住
6. feel lonely 感到孤獨(dú)(比較:live alone/go along等)
The girl walked alone along the street, but she didn’t feel lonely那女孩獨(dú)自沿著街道走,但她并不感到孤獨(dú)
7. keep/feed a pet pig 養(yǎng)一頭寵物豬
8. fly to the moon 飛上月球
9. hundreds of +復(fù)數(shù) 數(shù)百/幾百(概數(shù),類似還有thousands of; millions of)
10. the same as 和„„相同
11. A be different from B A與B不同(=There is a difference/Thgere are differences between A and B)
12. wake up 醒來(lái)(wake sb. up表示 “喚醒某人”
13. get bored 變得厭倦(get/become是連系動(dòng)詞,后跟形容詞如tired/angry/excited等)
14. go skating 去滑冰(類似還有g(shù)o hiking/fishing /skating/bike riding等)
15. lots of/a lot of 許多(修飾可數(shù)名詞、不可數(shù)名詞都可以)
16. at the weekends 在周末
17. study at home on computers 在家通過(guò)電腦學(xué)習(xí)
18. agree with sb. 同意某人(的意見(jiàn))
19. I don’t agree. = I disagree. 我不同意
20. on a piece of paper 在一張紙上(注意paper/information/news/work/homework/housework等?嫉降牟豢蓴(shù)名詞)
21. on vacation 度假
22. help sb with sth/help sb do sth 幫助某人做某事
23. many different kinds of goldfish 許多不同種金魚
24. live in an apartment 住在公寓里/live on the twelfth floor 住在12樓
25. live at NO.332,Shanghai Street 住在上海路332號(hào)
26. as a reporter 作為一名記者
27. look smart 顯得精神/看起來(lái)聰明
28. Are you kidding? 你在騙我嗎
29. in the future 在將來(lái)/在未來(lái)
30. no more=not „anymore 不再(強(qiáng)調(diào)多次發(fā)生的動(dòng)作不再發(fā)生)I’ll go there no more.
31. no longer=not„ any longer 不再(強(qiáng)調(diào)狀態(tài)不再發(fā)生)
32. besides(除„之外還,包括)與except „but(除„之外,不包括)
33. be able to與can 能、會(huì)
l (be able to用于各種時(shí)態(tài),而can只能用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)中;have to用于各種時(shí)態(tài),而must只能用于一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài))例如:
1.I have been able to/will be able to speak two languages. (不可以用can)
2. had to stay at home/ will have to (不可以用must)
34.be big and crowded 大而且擁擠
34. be in college 在上大學(xué)
35. live on a space station 住在空間站
36. dress casually 穿得很隨意casual clothing 休閑服飾
37. win the next World Cup 贏得世界杯 win award 獲僵
38. come true 變成現(xiàn)實(shí)
39. take hundreds of years 花幾百年的時(shí)間
40. be fun to watch 看起來(lái)有趣
41. over and over again 一次又一次
42. be in different shapes 形狀不同
43. twenty years from now 今后20年
【本單元目標(biāo)句型】
1. What do you think life will be like in 1000 years?
2. There will be fewer trees、more buildings and less pollution in the future. l fewer; less表示否定之意,分別修飾可數(shù)名詞和不可數(shù)名詞;more二者都可以修飾。
3. Will kids go to school? No, they won’t/Yes, they will。
4. Predicting the future can be difficult.
5. I need to look smart for my job interview.
6. I will be able to dress more casually.
7. I think I’ll go to Hong Kong on vacation, and one day I might even visit Australia.
8. What will teenagers do for fun twenty years from now?
9. That may not seem possible now, but computers, space rockets and even electric toothbrushes seemed impossible a hundred years ago.
【知識(shí)歸納】
形容詞,副詞的比較等級(jí)考查熱點(diǎn)透視:
a)表示A與B在程度上相同b)時(shí),c) “as+形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)+as”結(jié)構(gòu)。表示A不d)如B時(shí),e)可用“not as/so+形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)+as”結(jié)構(gòu)。
f)表示A比B在程度上“更„..”時(shí),g)可用“形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)+than”結(jié)構(gòu)
h)表示三者或三者以上的比較,i)其中一個(gè)在程度上“最„..”時(shí),j)常用“the+形容詞或副詞的最高級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu),k)后面可帶“of/in的短語(yǔ)”來(lái)說(shuō)明比較的范圍。(注意:副詞的最高級(jí)在句中常省略“the”.) l)在形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)前,m)可以用“a little, even, far, much,still”的等詞語(yǔ)來(lái)修飾,n)以加強(qiáng)語(yǔ)氣。
o)表示“越來(lái)越„.”時(shí),p)常用“形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)+and+形容詞或副詞的'比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu),q)但要注意,r)對(duì)于多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)形容詞,s)副詞而t)言,u)若要表達(dá)此意時(shí),v)要用“more and more+形容詞或副詞的原級(jí)“結(jié)構(gòu)。
w)在表示“其中最„.之一“的含義時(shí),x)常使用 “one of+the+形容詞最高級(jí)形式+名y)詞復(fù)z)數(shù)”結(jié)構(gòu),aa)其中的定冠詞the不bb)可以省略。
cc)如果強(qiáng)調(diào)“兩者中比較„的(一個(gè))”的意思時(shí),dd)可使用“the+形容詞比較級(jí)+其它”結(jié)構(gòu)。
ee)表示“越„.越„.”, 可使用“the+形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí),ff)the+形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)”結(jié)構(gòu)。 2 .一般將來(lái)時(shí)
一般將來(lái)時(shí)的構(gòu)成:由助動(dòng)詞shall或will加動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成,shall用于第一人稱。在口語(yǔ)中,will在名詞或代詞后常簡(jiǎn)略為’ll, will not常簡(jiǎn)略為won’t。這個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)的肯定,否定和疑問(wèn)結(jié)構(gòu)可表示如下: 肯定句否定句疑問(wèn)句
I (We)shall(will) go.
You(He, She, They) will go.I(We)shall(will) not go.
You(He, She, They)will not go.Shall I(we) go?
Will you (he, she, they) go?
用”be going to +動(dòng)詞原形”也可表示將來(lái)時(shí),表示將要發(fā)生的事,打算或決定要做的事。
b)一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法:1)表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或情況;2) 不以人的意志為轉(zhuǎn)移,肯定要發(fā)生的事情。The day after tomorrow will be National Day.后天是國(guó)慶日。
3. in/after:in是指以現(xiàn)在時(shí)間為起點(diǎn)的“在一段時(shí)間以后”。也可以表示“在將來(lái)多少時(shí)間之內(nèi)”,句子中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞要用一般將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài);after常指以過(guò)去時(shí)間為起點(diǎn)的“一段時(shí)間之后”,所以它與過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)連用。當(dāng)after指某個(gè)特定的未來(lái)時(shí)刻或日期之后,或指以將來(lái)某一時(shí)間為起點(diǎn)的若干時(shí)間之后時(shí),它可以與將來(lái)時(shí)態(tài)連用。
4.more, less, fewer的用法區(qū)別:more為many, much的比較級(jí),意為“更多”,可修飾可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞。Less是little的比較級(jí),意為“更好,較少”,修飾不可數(shù)名詞。Fewer是few的比較級(jí),意為“更少”,修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。
【注意】few, little表示否定“幾乎沒(méi)有”。a few, a little表示肯定“一點(diǎn),幾個(gè)”。
5.would like sth意思為“想要某物“; would like to do意思為”想要做某事“;卮饂ould like句型的一般疑問(wèn)句時(shí),其肯定回答為 “Yes, please.”;否定回答“No, thanks”或 “I’d like /love to, but„.”
6. Such作形容詞,意思是“如此的”“這樣的”,修飾各種名詞。
Such這樣的。如It is such bad weather.天氣如此惡劣。
Such常和as搭配,表示一種類別。如We enjoy such a voice as hers.我們喜歡象她那樣的嗓子。 Such常和表示結(jié)果的that從句搭配,表示“如此„.以至于„”如
It was such a hot day that we all had to stay at home.
Such„that„和so„that„都可用來(lái)引出一個(gè)結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句。由于such是形容詞,所以that從句前有一個(gè)受such修飾的名詞;而so 是副詞,用以修飾形容詞或副詞,因此that從句前一般不出現(xiàn)名詞。如 They are such kind-hearted teachers that people in the village all respect them.
The exam was so difficult that many students failed to pass it.
如果名詞是可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式,such和so的位置不同:
such+a/an+形容詞+單數(shù)名詞
so+形容詞+a/an+單數(shù)名詞
如果名詞是不可數(shù)名詞或名詞復(fù)數(shù),只可用such,不能用so.:
such+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞或復(fù)數(shù)名詞
如果被修飾的不可數(shù)名詞被much, little, 或復(fù)數(shù)名詞被many, few等表示量的形容詞修飾時(shí),用so,不用such.
當(dāng)little表示“年紀(jì)小的”時(shí),可用such+little+名詞。
7.be able to 為“能,會(huì)”,表示能力,在這個(gè)意義上與can的意思相同,一般情況下兩者可以互換,但can只有現(xiàn)在式和過(guò)去式(could)而be able to則用于更多的時(shí)態(tài),主要體現(xiàn)在be的變化。
兩者在用法上有一些差異:can (could)表示主觀能力不表示意愿,它的將來(lái)時(shí)用will be able to而 be able to表示主觀意愿強(qiáng)調(diào)克服困難做某事。
【重點(diǎn)語(yǔ)法】
一般將來(lái)時(shí)
表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)。本時(shí)態(tài)標(biāo)志詞:
1.含tomorrow; next短語(yǔ); 2.in+段時(shí)間 ; 3.how soon;
4.by+將來(lái)時(shí)間; 5.by the time sb.do„ 6.祈使句句型中:or/and sb. will do
例Be quick, or you will be late=If you don’t be quick, you will be late
7.在時(shí)間/條件狀語(yǔ)從句中, 如果從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí), 主句用將來(lái)時(shí) 8.another day
比較be going to 與will:
be going to 表示近期、眼下就要發(fā)生的事情,will 表示的將來(lái)時(shí)間則較遠(yuǎn)一些。
如: He is going to write a letter tonight. He will write a book one day.
2. be going to 表示根據(jù)主觀判斷將來(lái)肯定發(fā)生的事情,will表示客觀上將來(lái)勢(shì)必發(fā)生的事情。 He is seriously ill. He is going to die. He will be twenty years old.
3. be going to 含有“計(jì)劃,準(zhǔn)備”的意思,而 will 則沒(méi)有這個(gè)意思,如:
She is going to lend us her book. He will be here in half an hour.
4.在有條件從句的主句中,一般不用 be going to, 而多用will, 如:
If any beasts comes at you, I'll stay with you and help you.
掌握了它們的這些不同,你就能很好的區(qū)分be going to與will了。
be going to do (動(dòng)詞原形)結(jié)構(gòu):表示打算、準(zhǔn)備做的事情或者肯定要發(fā)生的事情。如:It is going to rain.
will do 結(jié)構(gòu)表示將來(lái)的用法:
1. 表示預(yù)見(jiàn)
Do you think it will rain?
You will feel better after a good rest.
2. 表示意圖
I will borrow a book from our school library tomorrow.
What will she do tomorrow?
基本構(gòu)成如下:
一般疑問(wèn)句構(gòu)成:
(1)will+主語(yǔ)+do„? Will Sarah come to visit me next Sunday?
(2)there be 結(jié)構(gòu)的一般疑問(wèn)句:Will there + be „?
Will there be fewer trees? Yes, there will. / No, there won’t
否定句構(gòu)成:will + not (won’t)+do
Sarah won’t come to visit me next Sunday.
特殊疑問(wèn)句構(gòu)成:
特殊疑問(wèn)詞+will+主語(yǔ)+„?What will Sarah do next Sunday?
延伸閱讀:初二英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)知識(shí)點(diǎn)練習(xí)題
( )1.—I read ________ story about Shennong?Do you know who he was,Tony?
—He was ________ emperor in ancient China.
A.a;/ B.a;an C.an;a D.an;/
( )2.—Your sister looks very ________.What's the matter with her?
—She has a stomachache.
A.funny B.weak C.boring D.relaxed
( )3.—Does that sweater ________ her?
—Sure.She is really beautiful in it.
A.hit B.keep C.fix D.fit
( )4.—Li Mei's ________ is very beautiful.
—Yes.Her songs ________ very beautiful.
A.noise;voice B.voice;sound
C.sound;noise D.shout;sound
( )5.If Jerry forgets to take an umbrella,please ________ him.
A.explain B.remind
C.remember D.hurry
( )6.All the people there can't speak English,so ________ can understand him.
A.somebody B.something
C.nothing D.nobody
( )7.—Do you know Peter?
—Yes,he _______ Susan last year and now they had a baby.
A.married B.smiled
C.continued D.reminded
( )8.—Mom,I want to drive to my grandparents' home.
—Don't be ________.You are too young to drive.
A.silly B.noisy C.nervous D.sad
( )9.—When will you visit your friend,Zhu Mei?
—________ she returns to the city.
A.So that B.As soon as C.Unless D.Because
( )10.—How did you make your dream come true?
—I just kept ________ and never gave up.
A.try B.tried C.trying D.to try
( )11.—Did they go to the park yesterday?
—No,they stayed at home ________ going out.
A.instead of B.remind of
C.depend on D.in order to
( )12.—Don't give up.Things will be fine soon.
—Yes.We should learn to be _______ when we are in trouble.
A.brave B.quiet C.sad D.angry
( )13.We won't put off having the sports meeting _______ it rains.
A.if B.unless C.when D.while
( )14.That path ________ directly to my house.You won't miss it.
A.leads B.forms C.repairs D.controls
( )15.The sun ______ bright in the sky and made the room bright.
A.lay B.covered C.shone D.moved
【參考答案】
1-2 BBDBB 6-10 DAABC 11-15 AABAC
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