英語時態(tài)之現(xiàn)在完成時
現(xiàn)在完成時表示過去發(fā)生的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或?qū)е碌慕Y(jié)果，本篇是CN人才小編為大家收集整理的'英語現(xiàn)在完成時的相關(guān)內(nèi)容，希望對大家有所幫助，歡迎閱讀。
結(jié)構(gòu)
1) 肯定形式：S. have/has +動詞的過去分詞done +O.
2) 否定形式：S. have/has+ not+ 動詞的過去分詞done +O.
3) 疑問形式：Have/has+ S. + 動詞的過去分詞 done +O.
主要用法
1、過去發(fā)生并且已經(jīng)完成的動作對現(xiàn)在造成的影響或?qū)е碌慕Y(jié)果。這種狀態(tài)下，already、just、never、ever、yet等副詞常和謂語動詞一起使用。如：
They have already come back from the museum.
She has already finished her homework.
2、過去發(fā)生的動作持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，并可能持續(xù)下去。這種狀態(tài)下，for和since作為標志性詞語常和謂語動詞一起使用，而且此時的謂語動詞往往是持續(xù)性動詞(如stay、keep、wait等)。如：
I have lived here for ten years.
He has kept the clavichord since thirty years ago.
3、從過去某一時間到說話時這段時間內(nèi)反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作。這種狀態(tài)下，表頻度的副詞(often、always、seldom、never等)和表次數(shù)的單詞或短語(如once、twice、three times)常和謂語動詞一起使用。如：
You have never listened to me like this before.
She has ever been to France.
They have visited the Summer Palace many times.
標志性詞語
1、副詞already、just、never、ever、yet等。如：
She hasn't arrived in Scotland yet.
They have just left for Shanghai.
2、for和since。for+一段時間，since+具體時間。如：
He has learned Italian for five months.
He has learned Italian since five months ago.
3、so far和up to/till now。表示“迄今為止”。如：
So far, no one has heard any news about her.
She has read fifty books up to now.
4、recently、lately等表示“最近;最新”的副詞和形容詞。如：
I've met her on several occasions recently.
He hasn't had enough sleep lately.
5、in the past/last+一段時間，表示“在過去的...時間里”。如：
In the past few years, new buildings have sprung up all over Beijing.
He had aged rapidly in the last few months.
6、次數(shù)。如：
I've tried many times, but there's no way.
He has been there at least twice.
句型轉(zhuǎn)換
“have/has done”中的have/has是助動詞，在進行句型轉(zhuǎn)換中要注意不需要再另外借助助動詞do/did/does，而是直接借用have/has。如：
肯定句：He has lived here for the last few years.
否定句：He hasn't lived here for the last few years.
一般疑問句：Has he lived here for the last few years?
劃線提問：How long has he lived here? (劃線部分為for the last few years)
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