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英語語法賓語從句講解

時間:2022-07-30 11:20:15 考試英語 我要投稿

英語語法賓語從句講解

  講解,漢語詞語,意思是解說,解釋。以下是小編幫大家整理的英語語法賓語從句講解,供大家參考借鑒,希望可以幫助到有需要的朋友。

英語語法賓語從句講解

  英語語法賓語從句講解 1

  賓語從句作為一個重要的語法知識,是每年高考的必考點,賓語從句使用也有很多應只注意的地方,今天我們就總結(jié)了高中英語賓語從今常見的四點錯誤,希望對同學們有用處!

  一、高中賓語從句要點之時態(tài)的呼應

  1. 如果主句是一般現(xiàn)在時、一般將來時或祈使句時,賓語從句可根據(jù)情況使用各種時態(tài)。例如:

  I hear she is here today(she was here yesterday/ she will be here tomorrow.)

  2. 如果主句是一般過去時,賓語從句應使用過去時態(tài)的某種形式。例如:

  He said he was watching TV(he had swept the floor/ he would play football after school)。

  3. 如賓語從句所敘述的是客觀事實、自然現(xiàn)象或科學真理等,從句不受主句時態(tài)限制,仍用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如:

  Our teacher told us that light travels faster than sound.

  二、高中賓語從句要點之引導詞的使用

  1. 當賓語從句由陳述句變化而來時,用that來引導從句,that常無具體意義,一般可省略。例如:

  Lin Tao thought(that)the TV play was very boring.

  2. 當賓語從句是由一般疑問句變化而來時,要用if或whether來引導從句。例如:

  David asked his mother if/ whether she liked the dinner last night.

  3. 當賓語從句是由特殊疑問句變化而來時,原句中的疑問詞充當連接代詞(如who, whose, what, which)或連接副詞(如when, where, why, how),引導賓語從句。例如:

  Do you know what we can do on the island?

  I don’t know why Jane was late for school this morning.

  三、高中賓語從句要點之語序的陳述化

  賓語從句一般要用陳述句語序。例如:

  When did he leave? I want to know. →I want to know when he left.

  Does the shop close at six every day? Do you know? →Do you know if/ whether the shop closes at six every day?

  四、高中賓語從句要點之否定轉(zhuǎn)移

  當主句的謂語動詞為think, believe, suppose等動詞,且主語為第一人稱時,從句的否定要轉(zhuǎn)移到主句上。例如:

  I don’t believe he is here on time, is he?

  I don’t think Tom is the best student in his class, is he?

  英語語法賓語從句講解 2

  一.賓語從句的含義

  在主句中做賓語的從句叫做賓語從句。

  如:She knew that the teacher had seen the film.

  她知道這位老師看過這部電影。

  “that the teacher had seen the film”做 knew 的賓語,同時又是由連接詞 that 引導的從句,所以它叫做賓語從句。

  二.賓語從句的分類

  1. 動詞賓語從句:顧名思義,它是位于動詞后面的賓語從句。

  如:He asked whose handwriting was the best in our class.他問我們班上誰的書法最好。

  2.介詞賓語從句:顧名思義,它是位于介詞后面的賓語從句。

  如:I agree with what you said just now.我同意你剛才說的話。

  3.形容詞賓語從句:顧名思義,它是位于形容詞后面的賓語從句。

  如:I am afraid that I will be late. 恐怕我要遲到了。

  三.引導名詞性從句的'連接詞

  1. that:沒有含義,在賓語從句中不做成分

  2.whether/if:表示是否,在賓語從句中不做成分。

  I don't know if /whether he still lives here after so many years. 我不知道這么多年后,他是否還住在這里。

  3.連接代詞:what, which, who, whom, whose(在賓語從句中做主、賓、表和定語)

  連接副詞:where, when, how, why(在賓語從句中做狀語)

  The small children don't know what is in their stockings.(what 在賓語從句中做主語)

  這些小孩子不知道什么在他們的長筒襪里。

  Could you tell me why you were late for the meeting this morning?(why 在賓語從句中做原因狀語)

  你能告訴我為什么你今天早上開會遲到嗎?

  四.在做賓語從句的題目時應注意兩點

  1. 時態(tài):

 、佼斨骶涫乾F(xiàn)在時態(tài)時,賓語從句可以根據(jù)需要使用任何時態(tài)。

  I don't know when he will come back.我不知道他將何時回來。

  He tells me that his sister came back yesterday.他告訴我他姐姐昨天回來了。

 、诋斨骶涫沁^去時態(tài)時,賓語從句必須是一種過去的時態(tài)。

  She asked me if I knew whose pen it was.她問我是否知道這是誰的鋼筆。

  He said that he could finish his work before supper.他說他會在晚飯前完成工作。

 、郛敱硎究陀^事實或普遍真理的句子做賓語從句時,任何時候都用一般現(xiàn)在時。

  The teacher said that the earth goes round the sun.老師說過地球繞著太陽轉(zhuǎn)。

  2.語序:任何從句都使用陳述句語序,賓語從句當然也不例外。

  延伸閱讀:賓語從句的引導詞有以下三種

  1. 引導詞 that只起連接作用,在從句中不作句子成分,在口語中或非正式文體中常省略。

  例如:He knew (that) he should work hard.

  2. 引導詞 if/ whether,意為“是否”在口語中常用if,連詞if/ whether不能省略。

  例如:Tom didn’t know if/ whether his grandpa liked the present.

  3. 由疑問代詞和疑問副詞引導的賓語從句。

  疑問代詞有:what,who,whom,whose,

  which等,在賓語從句中主要充當主語、賓語、定語和表語等。疑問副詞有:when, where, why, how, 在賓語從句中充當時間、地點、原因、方式狀語。

  例如:1) We don’t know who will win the match. (who作從句的主語)

  2) The teacher asked the new student which class he was in? (which作從句的定語)

  英語語法賓語從句講解 3

  賓語從句是一種名詞性從句,在句中作及物動詞的賓語,或介詞的賓語,或形容詞的賓語。根據(jù)引導賓語從句的不同連詞,賓語從句可分為三類。

  1. 由that引導的賓語從句。that只有語法作用,沒有實在的意義,在口語和非正式文體中可以省略。例如:

  He said (that) he wanted to stay at home.

  She doesn't know (that)she is seriously ill.

  I am sure (that) he will succeed.

  2. 由連接代詞who, whom, whose, what, which和連接副詞when, where, why, how引導的賓語從句。這些連接代詞和連接副詞在賓語從句中充當某個成分。例如:

  Do you know who(whom)they are waiting for?

  He asked whose handwriting was the best.

  Can you tell me where the No.3 bus stop is?

  I don't know why the train is late.

  3. 由if或whether引導的賓語從句。If和whether在句中的意思是是否。例如:

  I want to know if(whether)he lives there.

  He asked me whether(if)I could help him.

  英語語法賓語從句講解 4

  賓語從句是一種名詞性從句,它在復合句中作主句的賓語即作賓語的是一個句子。賓語從句主要注意三大要素:

  一、引導詞

  1.that(從句是陳述句時,引導詞用that,它本身無詞義,不充當成分,在口語中可省略,但在正式場合不可省)。

  2.if或whether(從句是一般疑問句時用if或whether,含義是“是否”。)if whether一般情況下可以互換,但在構(gòu)成whether……or not句式時只能用whether。

  3.連接代詞,連接代詞(what、which、who、whose)連接副詞(從句是特殊疑問句時用),連接副詞(when、where、how、why)

  二、賓語從句的語序

  賓語從句的語序都用陳述句語序(即正常的主謂語序)。例如:

  He says that Tom will miss a lot of lessons

  She asked whether we should hold a sports meeting

  Do you know what the popalation of Dalianis?

  三、賓語從句的時態(tài)

  1.主句是一般現(xiàn)在時,從句可根據(jù)需要選用任何時態(tài)。例如:

  She says that she is good at Chinese.

  He Says that he has been ill for three days.

  I don’t know if she will come tomorrow.

  2.主句是一般過程時,從句可根據(jù)需要用相應的過去某種時態(tài)。(即一般過去時,過去將來時,過去完成時等)。例如:

  She asked me where I lived.

  He said that she had been ill for six days.

  He said that he would return soon.

  3.當從句講述的是客觀事實或真理時,從句時態(tài)不受主句的影響,都用一般現(xiàn)在時。例如:

  The teacher said “Light travels faster than sound”

  She said that the earth is round

  特例:Could you tell me ……委婉的語氣,常按照一般現(xiàn)在時處理。

  Could you tell me where the nearest park is?

  真題回放:

  例1 (2008·北京)—Do you know for shanghai last night?

  ——At 9:00

  A、what time he leavesB、what time does he leave

  C、what time he leftD、What time did he leave

  解析:考查賓語從句的用法。對于賓語從句要注意三要素:語序(陳述語序)、時態(tài)(主句是過去式,從句要用相應的過去式;主句是一般現(xiàn)在時,從句根據(jù)需要確定時態(tài))、引導詞(that, whether/if,特殊疑問詞)。B和D語序不正確;由last night可知A項時態(tài)錯誤。故選C。

  例2 (2008 重慶)please tell me I have some good mews for him

  A、where Robert livesB、where does Robert live

  C、where Robert livedD、where did Robert live

  解析:考查賓語從句。賓語從句中要用陳述語序,可排除B、D。由I have some good news for him.” 可知要用一般現(xiàn)在時,可排除C。故選A。

  例3 (2008 河北) You are growing so fast, can you tell me now?

  A、how fast are youB、how fast you are

  C、how tall are youD、how tall you are

  解析:本題考查賓語從句的用法。賓語從句要用陳述語序。根據(jù)題意是問Annie多高了,故選D。

  例4 (2008,天津)The boys asked

  A、When could the goB、what they would do next

  C、where they will goD、how did they get there

  解析考查賓語從句。對于賓語從句要注意三點:語序/陳述語序)、時態(tài)(主句是過去時,從句要用相應的過去時),引導詞(that、whether/if,特殊疑問句)。A、D語序不對,C時態(tài)不對,故選B

  例5(2008,南京)——why did miss wang look so worried when we saw her?

  ——Because she wondered

  A、where did the other students go

  B、when would the policeman come

  C、what her students have done during the trip

  D、if her students had survied the earth—quake

  解析:考查賓語從句。賓語從句的考查點有兩個:1)從句部分用陳述語序;2)主句是過去時,從句用相應的過去時態(tài)。根據(jù)第一點,我們排除了本題的A、B項。再根據(jù)第二點我們又排除了C項,故選D。

  例6(2008,武漢)—Do you know ?

  —sorry,I don’t know.

  A、Where does limmy workB、where jim my works

  C、how does limmy go to workD、what does jinmy do.

  解析:考查賓語從句,對于賓語從句要注意三點:語序(陳述語序),時態(tài)(主句是過去式,從句要用相應的過去式,從句要用相應的過去式),引導詞(that,whether/if,特殊疑問詞),A、C、D三項都不是陳述語序,故選B。

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