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一般將來時(shí)的用法及練習(xí)題
一、用will或shall表示。
“助動(dòng)詞will或shall+動(dòng)詞原形”這一形式，但shall 僅表示單純將來時(shí)，用于第一人稱I和we表示將來發(fā)生的事情，用于征求對方的意見或表示客氣的邀請。在口語中will用于所有人稱，書面語中第一人稱常用shall.如：
1. Tomorrow will be Sunday. 明天就是星期天。
2. The rain will stop soon. 雨很快就要停了。
3. Shall we go there at five? 我們五點(diǎn)鐘去那兒，好嗎?
4. Will you please open the door? 請你把門打開，好嗎?
will，shall可用來預(yù)言將來發(fā)生的事。如說出我們設(shè)想會發(fā)生的事，或者請對方預(yù)言將要發(fā)生什么事。例如：
It will rain tomorrow. 明天將要下雨。
will，shall除可表示單純的將來時(shí)以外，還可以帶有意愿的色彩，仍指的是將來。例如：
I'll buy you a bicycle for your birthday. 你過生日時(shí)，我給你買一輛自行車。(表示允諾)
Will you open the door for me please?請你幫我開門好嗎?(表示請求)
Shall I get your coat for you?我可以為你拿外套嗎?(表示提議)
二、用be going to結(jié)構(gòu)表示。
1. 表示說話人根據(jù)現(xiàn)在已有的跡象，判斷將要或即將發(fā)生某種情況。這類句子的主語可以是人，也可是物。例如：
There is going to be a football match in our school tomorrow afternoon. 明天下午我們學(xué)校將有一場足球賽
(已有告示)
I feel terrible.I think I'm going to die. 我感到難受極了，我想我快不行了。
Look at those black clouds!It's going to rain. 看看那些烏云!天快要下雨了。
2. 表示主語現(xiàn)在的意圖或現(xiàn)已作出的決定，即打算在最近或?qū)磉M(jìn)行某事。這種意圖或決定往往是事先經(jīng)過考慮的。例如：
He isn't going to see his elder brother tomorrow. 他明天不準(zhǔn)備去看他哥哥。
Mary is going to be a teacher when she grows up. 瑪麗決定長大了當(dāng)一名教師。
3. 只是單純地預(yù)測未來的事，此時(shí)可與will互換。例如：
I think it is going to/will rain this evening. 我認(rèn)為今晚要下雨。
注意：
(1)be going to和will在含義和用法上略有不同。be going to往往表示事先經(jīng)過考慮的打算;will多表示意愿、決心。兩者有時(shí)不能互換。例如：
He is studying hard and is going to try for the exams. 他正努力學(xué)習(xí)，準(zhǔn)備參加考試。(不能用will替換)
—Can somebody help me? ——誰能幫我一下嗎?
—I will. ——我來。(不能用be going to替換) 1. We’re going to meet outside the school gate. 我們打算在校門口見面。
Look! It’s going to rain. 瞧!快下雨了。
三、用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示。
表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞(如go，come，leave，start，arrive，return，send，move，travel，fly等)和其它幾個(gè)動(dòng)作動(dòng)詞(如do，begin，work，spend，play，stay，happen，have，finish，join，eat，die，meet等)常與現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)和表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用，表示在最近將要發(fā)生某事。這些事是事先安排好的。例如：
The Browns are coming to dinner tomorrow. 明天布朗夫婦要來吃晚飯。
What are you doing tomorrow?明天你做什么?
The train is arriving at nine o'clock. 火車將在九點(diǎn)鐘到。
在特定的上下文中，這類動(dòng)詞有時(shí)也可不帶時(shí)間狀語。例如：
—Come to school in your old clothes tomorrow . ——明天穿你的舊衣服來上學(xué)。
—Why?What's happening ?——為什么?有什么事?
四、用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示。
1. 動(dòng)詞be;表示位置轉(zhuǎn)移的動(dòng)詞(如go，come，arrive，leave，return等
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)和表示“開始，結(jié)束”的動(dòng)詞(如start，begin，open，finish，end，close等)與一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和表示將來的時(shí)間狀語連用，表示時(shí)間表、節(jié)目單或日程表上所安排好的動(dòng)作或事態(tài)將要發(fā)生，日程不易改變，口氣肯定。例如：
School finishes on January 18th. 學(xué)期一月十八日結(jié)束。
Are you free next Tuesday evening?下周二晚上你有空嗎?
The party starts at four thirty，doesn't it?晚會四點(diǎn)半開始，是嗎?
Mr Green leaves Beijing for home tomorrow. 格林先生定于明天離京返家。
2. 在由when，before，as soon as，until/till引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語從句和由if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中，常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。例如：
If it doesn't rain tomorrow，we’ll go to the East Lake. 如果明天不下雨，我們就去東湖。
I must finish my homework before my mother returns. 我必須在媽媽回來之前做完家庭作業(yè)。
3. 在hope后接表示將來時(shí)間的賓語從句中，也可用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)代替一般將來時(shí)，hope的主語往往是第一人稱。例如：
I hope you(will)have a good holiday. 我希望你假日愉快。
I hope he comes(will come). 我希望他會來。
五、用“be+動(dòng)詞不定式”或用“be about to +動(dòng)詞原形”的結(jié)構(gòu)表示。
如：
1. He is to visit Japan next year. 明年他將訪問日本。
2. They’re about to leave. (=They’re leaving.)他們就要走了。
一般將來時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)
一、單項(xiàng)選擇。
1. There __________ a meeting tomorrow afternoon.
A. will be going to B. will going to be C. is going to be D. will go to be
2. Charlie ________ here next month.
A. isn’t working B. doesn’t working
C. isn’t going to working D. won’t work
3. He ________ very busy this week, he ________ free next week.
A. will be; is B. is; is C. will be; will be D. is; will be
4. There ________ a dolphin show in the zoo tomorrow evening.
A. was B. is going to haveC. will have D. is going to be
5. –________ you ________ free tomorrow?
– No. I ________ free the day after tomorrow.
A. Are; going to; will B. Are; going to be; will C. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be
6. Mother ________ me a nice present on my next birthday.
A. will gives B. will give C. gives D. give
7. – Shall I buy a cup of tea for you?
–________. (不，不要。)
A. No, you won’t. B. No, you aren’t.C. No, please don’t. D. No, please.
8. – Where is the morning paper?
– I ________ if for you at once.
A. get B. am getting C. to get D. will get
9. ________ a concert next Saturday?
A. There will be B. Will there be C. There can be D. There are
10. If they come, we ________ a meeting.
A. have B. will have C. had D. would have
11. He ________ her a beautiful hat on her next birthday.
A. gives B. gave C. will giving D. is going to giving
12. He ________ to us as soon as he gets there.
A. writes B. has written C. will write D. wrote
13. He ________ in three days.
A. coming back B. came back C. will come back D. is going to coming back
14. If it ________ tomorrow, we’ll go roller-skating.
A. isn’t rain B. won’t rain C. doesn’t rain D. doesn’t fine
15. – Will his parents go to see the Terra Cotta Warriors tomorrow?
– No, ________ (不去).
A. they willn’t. B. they won’t.C. they aren’t. D. they don’t.
16. Who ________ we ________ swimming with tomorrow afternoon?
A. will; go B. do; goC. will; going D. shall; go
17. We ________ the work this way next time.
A. do B. will doC. going to do D. will doing
18. Tomorrow he ________ a kite in the open air first, and then ________ boating in the park.
A. will fly; will go B. will fly; goesC. is going to fly; will goesD. flies; will go
19. The day after tomorrow they ________ a volleyball match.
A. will watching B. watchesC. is watching D. is going to watch
20. There ________ a birthday party this Sunday.
A. shall be B. will beC. shall going to be D. will going to be
21. They ________ an English evening next Sunday.
A. are having B. are going to haveC. will having D. is going to have
22. ________ you ________ free next Sunday?
A. Will; are B. Will; beC. Do; be D. Are; be
23. He ________ there at ten tomorrow morning.
A. will B. is C. will be D. be
24. ________ your brother ________ a magazine from the library?
A. Are; going to borrow B. Is; going to borrowC. Will; borrows D. Are; going to borrows
25. – Shall I come again tomorrow afternoon?
–________ (好的).
A. Yes, please B. Yes, you will. C. No, please. D. No, you won’t.
26. It ________ the year of the horse next year.
A. is going to be B. is going to C. will be D. will is
27. ________ open the window?
A. Will you please B. Please will you C. You please D. Do you
28. – Let’s go out to play football, shall we?
– OK. I ________.
A. will coming B. be going to come C. come D. am coming
29. It ________ us a long time to learn English well.
A. takes B. will take C. spends D. will spend
30. The train ________ at 11.
A. going to arrive B. will be arrive C. is going to D. is arriving
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