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with的用法

時間:2022-10-17 00:06:42 考試英語 我要投稿

with的用法

  With的定義:

  With是個介詞,基本的意思是“用”,但它也可以協(xié)助構(gòu)成一個極為多采多姿的句型,在句子中起兩種作用;副詞與形容詞。

  With是一個十分有用的介詞,其用法也比較復(fù)雜,以下用法值得注意:

  1. 表示方式、手段或工具等時(=以,用),注意不要受漢語意思的影響而用錯搭配,如“用英語”習(xí)慣上用in English,而不是with English。

  2. 與某些抽象名詞連用時,其作用相當(dāng)于一個副詞。如:

  with care=carefully 認(rèn)真地

  with kindness=kindly 親切地

  with joy=joyfully 高興地

  with anger=angrily 生氣地

  with sorrow=sorrowfully 悲傷地

  withease=easily 容易地

  with delight=delightedly 高興地

  with great fluency =very fluently 很流利地

  3. 表示條件時,根據(jù)情況可與虛擬語氣連用。如:

  With more money I would be able to buy it. 要是錢多一點(diǎn),我就買得起了。

  With better equipment, we could have finished the job even sooner. 要是設(shè)備好些,我們完成這項(xiàng)工作還要快些。

  4. 比較with和as:兩者均可表示“隨著”,但前者是介詞,后接名詞或代詞;后者是連詞,用于引導(dǎo)一個句子。比較:

  He will improve as he grows older. 隨著年齡的增長,他會進(jìn)步的。

  People’s ideas change with the change of the times. 時代變了,人們的觀念也會變化。

  5. 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)“with+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語”是一個很有用的結(jié)構(gòu),它在句中主要用作狀語,表示伴隨、原因、時間、條件、方式等;其中的賓語補(bǔ)足語可以是名詞、形容詞、副詞、現(xiàn)在分詞、過去分詞、不定式、介詞短語等。如:

  (1) with+賓語+形容詞

  He often sleeps with the windows open. 他常開著窗睡覺。

  Don’t speak with your mouth full. 不要滿嘴巴食物說話。

  (2) with+賓語+ 副詞

  He stood before his teacher with his head down. 他低著頭 站在老師面前。

  He was lying on the bed with all his clothes on. 他和衣 躺在床上。

  (3) with +賓語+ 介詞短語

  She said good-bye with tears in her eyes. 她含著眼淚說了聲再見。

  The man was asleep with his head on his arms. 這個人頭枕著胳膊睡著了。

  (4) with+賓語+現(xiàn)在分詞

  He fell asleep with the lamp burning. 他沒熄燈就睡著了。

  I won’t be able to go on holiday with my mother being ill. 因?yàn)閶寢層胁? 我無法去度假。

  (5) with +賓語+ 過去分詞

  He sat there with his eyes closed. 他閉目坐在那兒。

  All the afternoon he worked with the door locked. 整個下午他都鎖著門在房里工作。

  (6) with +賓語+ 動詞不定式

  I can’t go out with all these clothes to wash. 要洗這些衣服, 我無法出去了。

  With such good cadres to carry out the Party’s policy we feel safe. 有這樣的好干部執(zhí)行黨的政策, 我們感到放心。

  (7) with +賓語+ 名詞

  He died with his daughter yet a schoolgirl. 他去世時,女兒還是個小學(xué)生。

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