商務英語ManagingConflict
�、�.核心學習：Managing Conflict 解決沖突
Steve: Hi Mike. Have you met the new hire in the Business Development Department?
史蒂夫：嗨麥克，你見過業(yè)務開發(fā)部新來的職員了嗎？
Mike: No, I haven’t had the pleasure yet.
麥克：沒有，我還沒有這份榮幸。
Steve: Trust me - it’s not a pleasure to meet him!
史蒂夫：相信我，跟他見面不是什么好事！
Mike: Steve! That’s not like you at all to say nasty things about a colleague.
麥克：史蒂夫！說同事壞話可一點兒也不像你的作風。
Michael: Black, bitter and strong I suppose.
邁克爾：我想我們只能喝苦而濃烈的黑咖啡了。
Steve: Well just wait to you meet him. I think he is a real pig.
史蒂夫：好吧，等你見了他就知道了。我覺得他真是一頭豬。
Mike: Why do you have that impression?
麥克：你為什么會有這種印象？
Steve: He is rude, unfriendly and too pushy.
史蒂夫：他很粗魯、不友好還特別愛出風頭。
Mike: Maybe he is just suffering from culture shock being in a new company.
麥克：也許剛到一個新公司他還不習慣。
Steve: Well he needs to learn the culture of this office pretty quickly or he will make lots of enemies.
史蒂夫：他需要盡快學會適應這個公司的習慣，否則他會樹很多敵人。
Mike: Its up to us to help him make friends then!
麥克：這得靠我們來幫他交朋友！
�、�.單詞簡析
1) New Hire: a new member of staff
新成員
ex:I always try to ask new hires to lunch on their first day to make them feel more relaxed.
我總是盡量在新員工上班的第一天邀請他們一起吃午餐，這樣他們就會更放松易一些。
2) Nasty: mean, unfriendly
刻薄、不友好
ex:When I was younger there was a nasty dog next door that always barked at me in the mornings.
我小的時候鄰家有一條討厭的狗，早晨它總是沖著我叫。
3) Impression: your view of someone’s character
印象，你對別人的看法
ex:There is an old saying that you can only make one first impression. People will often judge you by their first impression of you.
有一句老話這樣說，第一印象只能有一次，人們總是根據他們對你的第一印象來評價你。
4) Pushy: too aggressive
很好斗的、好勝的
ex:When I went to buy a new TV that sales guy was so pushy that I just left the store.
我去買新電視的時候那個男售貨員對熱心過度，近乎粗魯，我氣得離開了商店。
Ⅲ.課文篇
Most people spend around 10 hours per day, or 40 hours a week, at work. In every office, just like life in general, there will be people that you like and people that you dislike.
大多數人都會有每天十小時或者每周四十小時左右的時間花在工作上。在每個辦公室里，就像在生活中一樣，你總會遇到你喜歡的和不喜歡的人。
You often hear people talking about the need to be professional at work. One definition of professional is ’working effectively and efficiently with people that you don’t like."
你常聽人說起工作時需要具備職業(yè)素質。對職業(yè)素質其中的一個解釋就是“有效率地工作，而且能很好地跟你不喜歡的人一起工作�！�
Conflict is when two or more people argue or fight and obviously you are more likely to fight with people that you don’t really like. Therefore managing conflict in the workplace is a very valuable skill that everyone should master.
沖突是指兩個人或更多人爭吵或動手打架。很顯然你更容易跟你不喜歡的人發(fā)生沖突。因此處理好公司內部里的沖突問題是一項很重要的技能，人人都應該掌握。
Sometimes you can manage conflict simply by avoiding it. If you know that you are likely to have a disagreement with a particular person, you can try to stay out of their way and not have any interaction with them.
有的時候你可以單純地避免沖突來解決問題。如果你知道你可能會跟某個人在意見上發(fā)生分歧，你可以盡量避開他們，不跟他們有任何接觸。
But that is impossible if you work directly with them or if they are your boss or if you are their manager. In those cases, remember to remain calm and clear-headed. Even if they start to yell and scream, it is always best if you speak in a low voice and make your points logically and clearly.
但如果你直接跟他們一起工作或者他們是你的老板你是他們的經理，上述建議就行不通了。在這些情況下，記住要保持平靜和頭腦清醒。即便他們開始大聲喊叫或尖叫，你最好低聲說把自己的觀點清晰而有邏輯闡述出來。
If you know that an argument is unavoidable, then try to take the discussion out of the office and away from other staff. You don’t want staff to see you argue with others and they don’t want to hear you yelling at each other. Go to a quiet place away from the office and resolve your differences there.
如果你知道一場爭論是在所難免的，那么盡量在辦公室外面進行討論，離其他同事遠一些。你不希望同事們看到你跟別人爭吵，他們也不愿意聽到你們互相喊叫。在辦公室外面找一個安靜的地方，在那里解決你們的問題。
Never call a colleague insulting names or use violence - no matter what!
不論發(fā)生什么事永遠不要在稱呼上侮辱同事或使用暴力。
�、�.對話篇
Beth: Can you help me with a small problem Sally?
貝斯：薩莉你能幫我解決一個小問題嗎？
Sally: You know that I would usually, but today I have to go on a course.
薩莉：你知道如果是平常我會幫你的，可是今天我要去上課。
Beth: That sounds interesting. What type of course is it?
貝斯：聽起來挺有意思的。你上的是什么課？
Sally: It is a course to learn about managing conflict in the work place.
薩莉：學習怎樣解決公司里的.沖突問題。
Beth: Why do you need to go on a conflict management course? Everyone likes you!
貝斯：你為什么還要學怎樣處理沖突呢？每個人都喜歡你。
Sally: Those are the types of skills that every good manager should learn! I hope that it will help me to be a better manager in the future.
薩莉：這些是每一名優(yōu)秀的經理都應該學的技巧！我希望將來這會有助我當一名更合格的經理。
Beth: You are already my favorite manager Sally! I love working for you!
貝斯：薩利你現在就已經是我最喜歡的經理了！我喜歡為你工作！
Sally: Thanks for saying that Beth - I will remember it when I have to review your salary and bonus at the end of the year!
薩利：謝謝你能這么說貝斯，年終審核你的工資和獎金的時候我會想起你的話！
商務英語活學活用 贏利和虧損（1）
Ⅰ.核心學習：Profit & Loss 贏利和虧損
Steve: Good morning Mike. How was your weekend?
史蒂夫：早上好，邁克。周末過的如何？
Mike: I had a relaxing weekend. How about you?
邁克：很放松，你呢？
Steve: I studied all weekend for a business exam. What do you think the most vital thing for any company is?
史蒂夫：我用整個周末來學習，以應付商業(yè)考試。你認為對一個公司來說什么是最重要的事情？
Mike: That’s easy - a good coffee machine and mufti Fridays.
邁克：太容易了——是好的咖啡機和星期五便裝日！
Steve: I cannot believe how wrong you are there my friend. The most important thing is profit. Without profit, the company will eventually close.
史蒂夫：我真不敢相信，你簡直大錯特錯了。最重要的事應該是公司的利潤。沒有利潤，公司遲早要關門的。
Mike: I knew that - I just said the mufti Friday and coffee machine for a hoot.
邁克：這我知道。我剛才說咖啡機和便裝日只是說著玩兒的。
Steve: Business is serious Mike, not to be fooled with.
史蒂夫：商業(yè)上的事是認真的，邁克，可兒戲不得。
Mike: Wow - you make it sound like a matter of life and death.
邁克：哇塞—你怎么說的跟生死攸關似的？
Steve: No Mike - it’s much more important than that!
史蒂夫：不，邁克，它比生死攸關還重要呢！
Ⅱ.單詞簡析
1) Vital: very important
非常重要
ex:A cup of strong coffee is vital for me in the morning.
早晨喝一杯濃咖啡對我非常重要。
2)Mufti: a day in the office when you can wear casual clothes
便裝日，可在辦公室穿便裝的那一天
ex:The night before a mufti day I choose what clothes I will wear so that I am not late in the morning.
在便裝日前一天的晚上我會選擇明天該穿什么，這樣早上就不會遲到了。
3)Hoot: laugh, something funny
好笑，滑稽的事。
ex:I saw a comedian at a club last night - she was a real hoot!
昨晚我在一家俱樂部看到一個喜劇演員，她非�；�。
4）Accountant: a person who keeps records of all company income and expenses
會計：記錄公司收入和支出情況的人
ex:Accountants have a reputation for being dull and serious.
會計被人認為是木訥和認真的。
5）Auditor: a person who carefully checks what accountants have done
審計員：認真審核會計工作的人
ex:Accountants and auditors cannot be friends - they have to be fully independent.
會計和審計員不能是朋友。他們必須完全獨立。
�、�.課文篇
Accountants and auditors look at many different types of numbers to record the success or failure of a company but the two most important things are whether the company makes a profit or loss.
會計和審計員要看很多不同種類的數字以記錄公司的成敗，但其中最重要的兩項就是公司是在贏利還是在虧損。
There are two main types of profit: Gross profit and net profit.
贏利又分主要兩種：總利潤和純利潤。
Gross profit is a simple calculation of income minus the cost of the goods of services sold.
總利潤的計算很簡單，是指用總收入減去售出商品及服務的成本。
Net profit is income (also called revenue) less all of the company expenses. Net profit is the most important figure for working out if a company is healthy or not.
純利潤是用收入（也叫收益）減去所有公司支出。純利潤是衡量公司健康運做與否的一個最重要的數據。
The opposite of a profit is a loss. If a company spends more than it makes, you can say that it has made a loss.
與利潤相對的是虧損。如果公司花的比掙得多，你可以說它虧損。
Before investing in a company or buying share in a company listed on a stock exchange, it is vital that you find out about the company’s operations. Take care to look at the gross and net profit figures for at least the last three years. A net profit margin of at least 10 percent is considered good.
在對一個公司進行投資或購買某個上市公司的股票之前，了解清楚這個公司的運作情況是非常重要的。要留心至少最近10年此公司總利潤和純利潤的情況。純利潤率值至少在10%，才被認為是好的。
�、�.對話篇
Beth: Sally, do you have some batteries that I can borrow?
貝絲：薩利，我想借塊電池，你那兒有么？
Sally: Sure, why do you need them?
薩利：沒問題，你為什么要電池呀？
Beth: I need my calculator to work out the profit from last month.
貝絲：我要用計算器算從上月起的公司利潤。
Sally: It is very important that you don’t make mistakes when you are calculating those numbers so, take my calculator.
薩利：你在算這些數的時候，千萬別出錯誤，這非常重要，就用我的吧。
Beth: Thanks Sally. The senior managers need the results from last month straight away, so I can’t stop to talk.
貝絲：謝了，薩利，高級主管馬上就要上個月的結果，所以我不能跟你說話了。
Sally: See you later Beth.
薩利：一會兒見，貝絲。
Beth: I will bring your calculator back as soon as I have finished with it.
貝絲：我一算完就把計算器還你。
Sally: No problem, just make sure the profits are right!
薩利：沒問題。只要保證利潤核算正確就好。
Beth: Don’t worry so much - worrying is my job!
貝絲：別太擔心了，擔心的應該是我。
商務英語活學活用 Finance Department（1）
�、�.核心學習：Finance Department 財務部
Steve: Mike, do you have any accounting skills?
史蒂夫：邁克，你懂會計嗎？
Mike: Well, I can count from one to 10 if that’s what you mean.
邁克：我能從一數到十如果你指的是這個的話。
Steve: Mike, why are you always such a gonzo?
史蒂夫：邁克，你為什么總是這么愚蠢？
Mike : Well, I answered your question, didn’t I?
邁克：我不是已經回答了你的問題嗎？
Steve: I want to know if you can help with the company accounts.
史蒂夫：我想知道你是否能幫忙處理一下公司的帳。
Mike : Oh sorry Steve, auditing is just not my skill.
邁克： 噢，對不起史蒂夫，我不懂查帳。
Steve: Do you know anyone who can help me?
史蒂夫：你知道誰能幫我嗎？
Mike : Follow me and I will take you to the Finance Department, they will be able to assist you with the income and expenses.
邁克：跟我來，我?guī)闳ヘ攧詹�，他們在這些收入支出方面能幫上你。
�、�.單詞簡析
1) Accounting: keeping the financial records of a person, company or organization
記帳：保持個人、公司或機構的財政記錄
ex:If I need some accounting advice I always go to a professional accountant.
如果需要會計方面的建議的話，我會去找專業(yè)會計。
2) Gonzo: a silly of foolish person
傻瓜、笨蛋
ex:My boyfriend is a real gonzo but I love him anyway.
我的男朋友真是個笨蛋，可不管怎樣我還是愛他。
3) Auditing: checking the accounting records
審計，檢查會計記錄
ex:All of the accountants panic when the auditing staff come in to check their work!
審計人員來檢查工作的時候所有的會計都很慌張。
4) Income: the total amount of money coming in
收入
ex:My income is just not enough for my lifestyle!
按我的生活方式我的收入是不夠的。
5) Expenses: the total amount of money going out
花銷
ex:If I could control my expenses, I could save some money for the future.
如果能控制花銷的話，我會為將來存一些錢。
�、�.課文篇
Most companies have a Finance Department whose job is to keep track of all of the income and expenses and prepare the company profit and loss statement and balance sheet.
大多數公司都有財務部，他們的工作是記錄所有的收入和支出以及準備公司的利潤虧損表和資產負債表。
The Finance Department will have clerks to do the simple paperwork, accountants to prepare the formal reports and auditors who will check what the accountants do.
財務部的辦事員做簡單的書面工作，會計準備正式的報告，而審計人員檢查會計的工作。
Sometimes you will have to go to the Finance Department to get approval for a purchase for the company. Be prepared to answer many questions as the accountant must be sure that it’s OK to spend the money.
有的時候你為公司采購必須先到財務部獲得批準。要做好回答很多問題的準備，因為會計必須確定這些錢是值得花的。
The Finance Department are also responsible for your salary. If you have questions about your salary or the amount of tax you pay, the Finance Department can usually assist you.
財務部還負責你的薪水。如果你對工資或應繳稅有疑問的話，財務部一般會幫你解答。
If you want to work in the Finance Department, you should have good numerical skills, a close attention to detail, the ability to prepare reports well and be able to work with money without being tempted to take some for yourself!
如果想要到財務部工作，你必須擅長計算，在細節(jié)方面觀察力很強、有能力做好報告，而且能夠跟錢打交道又不受誘惑而將公款據為己有。
Ⅳ.對話篇
Beth: Sally, have you noticed that the people in our Finance Department are always so friendly?
貝斯：莎莉，你注意到沒有，我們財務部的人都很友好？
Sally: I have noticed that. Why do you think they are so friendly?
莎莉：我注意到了。你覺得他們?yōu)槭裁茨敲从押茫?/p>
Beth: Maybe it’s because they are surrounded by money all day!
貝斯：可能是因為他們整天都跟錢打交道吧。
Sally: That’s possible! I wish I could join the Finance Department in our company.
莎莉：很可能！希望我能加入我們公司的財務部。
Beth: Why can’t you?
貝斯：你為什么不能呢？
Sally: My numerical skills are just too bad. I failed mathematics at school, you know.
莎莉：我在計算方面的技能太差了。要知道我在學校數學不及格。
Beth: Well, if you are no good at mathematics maybe you shouldn’t work in the Finance Department. You could accidentally loose a lot of money.
貝斯：如果你數學不好就不應該在財務部工作。你可能會無意中弄丟一大比錢。
商務英語活學活用 Mail-room 郵件中心（1）
�、�.核心學習： Mail-room 郵件中心
Steve: Mike, do you need anything from the basement?
史蒂夫：邁克，你需要從地下室拿點什么東西嗎？
Mike. I have been with this company for almost seven months and I still have no clue what is in the basement.
邁克：我到這家公司已經快七個月了，可我還不知道地下室有什么東西。
Steve: Some people say that the most important division is down there.
史蒂夫：有些人說最重要的部門設在下面。
Mike: What’s that? Sales, marketing, accounting or human resources?
邁克：那是什么？銷售部、市場營銷部、財務部還是人事部？
Steve: None of those! Why not come downstairs with me and meet all of the guys and gals from the mailroom?
史蒂夫：都不是！為什么不跟我到樓下看看，和郵件中心的伙計們認識認識？
Mike: The mailroom! What do they do there?
邁克：郵件中心！他們在那里做什么？
Steve: They take care of sending all of our mail and making sure that incoming letters find the right people.
史蒂夫：他們負責把我們的郵件發(fā)出去，并確保寄來的郵件準確無誤地送到收件人手里。
Mike: Why would I want to go there?
邁克：我為什么要去那里？
Steve: Many great careers have started in the mail-rooms of world famous companies!
史蒂夫：很多很棒的職業(yè)始于世界著名公司的郵件中心！
�、�.單詞簡析
1) Basement: the bottom floor of a building
地下室：建筑物的底層
ex:The basement of our building is said to be haunted but it's just a ghost story.
有人說我們這棟樓的地下室鬧鬼，這只不過是鬼話。
2) No clue: no idea, something that you don't know
不知道：沒有頭緒，你不知道的事情
ex:At school, my economics teacher said that I had no clue about managing money - and he was right!
上學的時候我的經濟學老師說我不會理財―他說對了！
3) Mailroom: place that incoming and outgoing mail is sorted for delivery
郵件中心：分揀來往郵件以便遞送的地方
ex:My first job was working in a mailroom sorting mail.
我的第一份工作是在郵件中心里分揀郵件。
4) Career: a job with progressive achievements for which you have training
職業(yè)、事業(yè)：與你所受的`教育相關、有發(fā)展的工作
ex:These days, choosing a career is almost a full-time job itself.
現在，選擇一種職業(yè)本身幾乎是一項全職的工作。
�、�.課文篇
The flow of information within an organization is absolutely vital to the success of any company. Without a smooth flow of ideas and information, a company can miss opportunities for profit.
對任何一家公司來說，機構內部信息的流入絕對是成功的關鍵。如果沒有平穩(wěn)流入的思想和信息，公司就可能坐失良機。
Before the invent of fax machines and email, mail was the only way to send information. To manage the inflow of large amounts of mail, companies established separate divisions just to sort incoming and outgoing mail.
在傳真機和電子郵件發(fā)明以前，郵寄是發(fā)送信息的唯一途徑。為了管理大量郵件的內流，公司建立獨立的部門專門負責分揀往來郵件。
Mail-room staff would sort and record every piece of mail coming or leaving. They would take the outgoing mail to the post office for mailing and distribute incoming mail to the right person.
郵件中心（收發(fā)室）的員工要分揀和記錄每一封來往的郵件。他們將往外發(fā)的郵件送到郵局，并將寄來的郵件準確無誤地分發(fā)到收件人的手中。
Because mailroom staff saw every piece of mail and other important information they often knew what was happening better than anyone else. This gave them a small amount of power that could be used to work their way out of the mailroom into a better job.
由于郵件中心（收發(fā)室）的員工可以看到每一封郵件和其他重要的信息，他們通常比其他人更了解行情。這就給了他們一點權力，他們可以利用它去做比收發(fā)員更好的工作。
Famous business managers who have started in the mailroom and slowly become business leaders include Victor Kiam of Remington (the razor company) and Jac Nasser the Chief Executive Officer of Ford Motor Company.
從收發(fā)員做起，慢慢成為商業(yè)巨頭的著名商業(yè)管理人有雷明頓公司（那家剃刀公司，編者注：另有一家著名的武器公司也命名為雷明頓公司）的維克多·凱恩和福特汽車公司的首席執(zhí)行官杰克·納賽爾。
The invention of email, fax machines and even the telephone have all accelerated the death of mail rooms within companies. Today, most mail-related jobs are done by secretaries and mail rooms have completely closed.
電子郵件、傳真機乃至電話的發(fā)明共同加速了公司內部郵件中心（收發(fā)室）的死亡。今天，大多數與郵件相關的工作由秘書來完成，郵件中心（收發(fā)室）已經完全消失了。
Ⅳ.對話篇
Beth: I wonder what it was like to work all day in the basement of a huge building sorting mail.
貝絲：我在想在一幢大樓的地下室里整天分揀郵件是什么樣子。
Sally: Oh I don’t think the mailroom staff stayed in the basement all day.
莎莉：噢，我不認為那些收發(fā)員整天呆在地下室。
Beth: When would they leave the basement?
貝絲：他們什么時候離開地下室？
Sally: To take all of the mail to the various floors of the building and the right offices on each floor.
莎莉：把郵件分發(fā)到不同的樓層和各層的收件人辦公室里的時候。
Beth: Hmmm - so they spent a lot of time in the elevators?
貝絲：嗯―這么說他們有很多時間是在電梯里度過的？
Sally: I suppose so, but they do get to see and hear all of the office rumors and gossip.
莎莉：我想是吧，但是他們確實看到和聽到所有辦公室的流言蜚語。
Beth: And that way they get to all of the company secrets?
貝絲：這樣他們就知道了所有公司的秘密？
Sally: Now you’re thinking! How else do you think they work their way from the bottom to the top?
莎莉：現在你說對了！要不然你認為他們是怎樣從下往上爬的？
Beth: Hard work - like the rest of us!
貝絲：艱苦的工作―和我們其他人一樣。
機械英漢雙語詞匯學習 291
strategic landfill 重點堆填區(qū)
Strategic Sewage Disposal Scheme 策略性污水排放計劃
stratification 分層現象；成層作用
stratigraphic 地層的
stratum 地層
stream channel 河道；河槽
stream course 河道
stream course clearance 河道清理工作
stream function theory 流函數理
street 街道
street frontage [building] 臨街面〔建筑物〕
street furniture 街道裝置；街道設施
street lighting 街道照明
street name-plate 街道名牌
street shop 地鋪
street sleeper 露宿者
street widening 街道擴闊
streetscape 街景
strength deficiency [concrete] 強度不足〔混凝土〕
strength of concrete 混凝土強度
strength reserve [concrete] 備用強度〔混凝土〕
strength test [concrete] 強度測試〔混凝土〕
strengthening works 鞏固工程；加固工程
stress 應力；壓力
stress analysis 應力分析
stress and strain response 應力及應變反應
stress crack 應力裂縫
stress path 應力軌 ；應力路徑
stress state 應力狀態(tài)
stretcher bond 錯縫接合；順磚式砌合
strike direction 走向
strike-slip fault 走滑斷層；平移斷層
2016年6月英語六級翻譯新題型練習 漢語
2015年6月英語六級翻譯新題型練習 漢語
從某種意義上說，漢語是一種很古老的語言，其最早的漢字已有近四千年的歷史了。漢字在其漫長的發(fā)展史中演化成許多不同的書寫形式，例如篆書、隸書、楷書和行書。中國書法家往往使?jié)h字的字形夸張以取得藝術效果，例如旅游勝地的一些石刻碑文。中國書法是一門研究藝術，隨著各位學習興趣的提高，我們將適時介紹中國書法的流派，以及如何欣賞中國書法的藝術性。
【翻譯譯文】
In a sense, Chinese is a very old language, and its earliest characters date back nearly four thousand years ago.
During their long history of development, Chinese characters have evolved into many different script forms,such as the Seal script, Clerical script, Regular script and Running script. Chinese calligraphers usually render their Chinese characters in ways that exaggerate the form to yield artistic beauty, such as those in stone inscriptions seen in tourist resorts. Chinese calligraphy is a subject of artistic study. As your interest in Chinese character system increases in the days to come, we will introduce in due time the different schools of Chinese calligraphy, and how to appreciate the artistic beauty of Chinese calligraphy.
【重點詞匯】
從某種意義上說 in a sense
漢字 Chinese character
演化 evolve
書寫形式 script form
篆書 Seal script
隸書 Clerical script
楷書 Regular script
行書 Running script
書法家 calligrapher
致使 render
取得 yield
旅游勝地 tourist resort
石刻碑文 stone inscription
適時 in due time
欣賞 appreciate
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