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面試反客為主問題分析
面試反客為主：就這樣問倒面試官
Faced with one pointed question after the next regarding your career, a job interview can quickly take on the feel of an interrogation.
面對著接二連三有關(guān)于你個人職業(yè)生涯的問題，你會很快就覺得一場面試就像是一場審訊會。
But employers aren't the only ones who get to poke and pry during the sit-down. By asking thought-provoking questions, you can not only collect valuable information but also distinguish yourself from the pack.
但是在這個座談當(dāng)中，能問東問西的并非只能是雇主方。通過問一些引發(fā)思考的問題，你不僅可以收集有價值的信息，還能讓你脫穎而出。
"It means that you're thoughtful about the process and that you're very interested in the position because you took the time to think of questions that would be substantive," says Cheryl Palmer, a career coach and founder of the career coaching firm Call to Career.
“意思是你對整一個過程很有自己的想法，對職位本身很感興趣。因為你花了時間去想一下實質(zhì)的問題。” 職業(yè)導(dǎo)師Cheryl Palmer如是說。她同時也是Call to Career職業(yè)指導(dǎo)公司的創(chuàng)辦人。
Here are some questions you can ask and tips for interpreting the responses from your interviewer.
以下給大家提供了一些面試過程中可以問的問題，以及對面試官反饋的解讀。
How has this position evolved since it was created?
從設(shè)立這個職位以來，這個職位發(fā)成了怎樣的變化？
Getting a brief history on the role should clear up whether the position has expanded over the years or has been a dead end for employees, Palmer says.
Palmer表示，對這個職位的歷史有一個簡單的了解會讓你知道該職位已經(jīng)存在多年還是一個員工的死胡同。
Interpreting the response: If the interviewer says the position has expanded beyond its original scope (and is continuing to do so), that signifies an opportunity for growth within the company. If the position has stayed static for years, don't expect to blossomthere. Depending on your career ambitions, the latter response isn't necessarily bad, Palmer says.
解讀面試官的反饋：如果面試官表示這個職位的職能已經(jīng)超出最原始的范圍（并且還在不停擴大），那么這個職位在這家公司就會有非常好的發(fā)展機會。如果好幾年這個職位停滯不前，那就別指望它能開花結(jié)果了。當(dāng)然Palmer也表示，根據(jù)自己的職業(yè)期望，后一種情況也并非一定是壞事。
What have past employees done to succeed in this position?
過去的員工是如何采取行動在這個職位當(dāng)中取得成功的？
Knowing how the organization measures achievements will help you understand what the expectations will be and whether you have the skill set to meet them, Palmer says. But don't undermine your past accomplishments just because your route to success doesn't match up with the one embraced by the company. "You also don't want to be too narrowly defined by what other people have done. Because you're a different person, you may approach things a little differently," she says.
Palmer說，知道這家機構(gòu)如何去衡量成功會幫助你了解公司對你的期望，以及你是否具備必要的技能去滿足公司的需求。但是，也不要因為之前取得成功的路徑不被現(xiàn)在的雇主看好而否認之前的成績。她說道，“你也不想很狹隘地根據(jù)別人做過的事被評判。因為你是另外一個人，你處理事情也就會和他人有所不同�！�
Interpreting the response: You may hear a description that highlights the positive and negative attributes of your predecessor. That could be a good indicator of the company's culture. "Typically, what one person has done to be successful is what the organization tends to do to be successful," Palmer says.
解讀面試官的反饋：你聽到的回答可能會強調(diào)對于該職位上一個員工正面或者負面的描述。這可能是企業(yè)文化很好的一個風(fēng)向標(biāo)。Palmer說：“個人在哪方面取得成功，那么一家公司往往也在這方面取得成功�！�
What have you enjoyed most about working here?
在這里工作最開心的是什么？
Your prospective boss can relay what he or she values most and what led to his or her personal success with the organization. Then, Palmer says, you can internally ruminateabout whether you share the same values and can envision yourself working there.
你將來的上司會向你傳達他最看重的方面，以及在這家公司當(dāng)中是什么促成了他的個人成功。Palmer說，“以此，你可以從內(nèi)部思考你是否有相同的價值觀，并且想象你如何在這個工作。”
Interpreting the response: Your interviewer may commend the company for everything from benefits to year-end bonuses. On the other hand, "if they're struggling to come up with something positive about why they like working there, chances are good that you're not going to be able to come up with anything positive after having worked there either," Palmer says.
解讀面試官的反應(yīng)：你的面試官可能會從各種福利聊到年終獎。從另外一個方面講，”如果他們挖空心思和你講在這里工作好的方面，那么到時候你在這個地方工作了一段時間之后也會想不出這個地方有什么好來。”Palmer說道。
What is the top priority for the person in this position over the next three months?
在未來三個月，對這個崗位上的員工來說，什么事最重要的？
This question is helpful so you know what to focus on if you do get the position, Palmer says. Without a clear expectation, she adds, you won't know what to accomplish or how to make the right impression during your first days on the job.
Palmer說：“問這個問題很有用，可以讓你知道要是真正開始工作之后，你需要去關(guān)注什么�！彼a充說道，“沒有一個明確的期望，你就無法知道要完成什么工作，以及如何在工作的頭幾天留下一個恰當(dāng)合適的印象。”
Interpreting the response: You may be told that you need to complete 15 tasks rather than two or three. "If these are all big initiatives that they want you to handle, probably not that doable," Palmer says.
面試官反應(yīng)的解讀：你有可能聽到你要完成不止兩個三個的任務(wù)，而是15個。Palmer 說，”如果這些任務(wù)都是些大條目，那么他們也許并非那么可行。”
What are the qualities of successful managers in this company?
在這家公司的成功管理者的素質(zhì)有哪些？
If you're interviewing for a managerial position, you'll want knowledge of the skills and core competencies the company treasures in a leader, says David Lewis, founder and president of OperationsInc, a Connecticut-based human resources outsourcing and consulting firm. If excellent people skills and multitasking top the list, emphasize how you've demonstrated those traits throughout your career.
David Lewis是OperationsInc公司的創(chuàng)始人兼總裁，這家公司總部在康乃狄克州，主營人力資源外包和咨詢。他說，”如果你去面試一個管理崗的職位，你就想知道這家公司看中領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者哪方面的技能�！� 如果良好的人際交往能力和多任務(wù)處理能力在在最受關(guān)注之列，那么就要強調(diào)你在你的職業(yè)生涯當(dāng)中你是如何體現(xiàn)出來的。
Interpreting the response: According to Lewis, you may get a response along these lines: "The best managers in our organization are independent thinkers, are good teachers and completely aligned with the direction the company is going in. " If he or she can't name a single star in the managerial stable, that's problematic and speaks to an organization short on progress and promotions, Lewis notes.
解讀面試官的反應(yīng)：Lewis表示，你可能會得到這樣的回答：”我們公司里最好管理者都是獨立的思考著，都是好的導(dǎo)師并且和公司發(fā)展方向完全一致。“如果她不能在管理隊伍里例舉出一個明星人物，那就有點問題了。而且這種情況有可能暗示著這家公司發(fā)展不順，提拔少�！�
If offered the position, can you give me examples of ways I would collaborate with my manager?
如果得到了這個職位，你能否舉幾個例子告訴我如何和我的經(jīng)理合作？
As an entry-level staffer, you may want to work with management as a means to showcase your skills and move up. But there's a distinction between simply taking orders and actively working with a superior who is grooming you for something better. "[Finding] out how an organization utilizes people at the staff level is key," Lewis says. "Is it a dictatorial environment or a collaborative one? "
作為一個初入職場的員工，你需要知道如何和管理團隊去合作以表現(xiàn)你的技能從而得到提拔。但是，和單單接受指令比起來，積極地去和一位愿意扶持你的上司公事是完全不同的。“這是一個專制的環(huán)境還是一個協(xié)作的環(huán)境？”
Interpreting the response: The employer may be short on examples or dismiss the notion of working with management altogether. Prod further, Lewis says, and find out why that it is. There may be a legitimate reason behind why the company doesn't promote collaboration.
解讀面試官的反饋：雇主有無法例舉出相關(guān)的例子并且可以避諱與管理層合作這樣的概念。Lewis督促說，可以再進一步追問一下原因。、如果一家公司不提倡合作，其中也可能有合理的原因。
What are some challenges that will face the person filling this position?
填補這個職位空缺的人將會面臨怎樣的挑戰(zhàn)？
You owe it to yourself to know what you're up against. "It just gives you a reality check," Palmer says. The drawbacks may differ depending on whether the position is managerial or entry-level. As a manager, you may oversee a department that runs on ashoestring budget. As a lower-level staffer, you may work odd hours or get stuck with assignments that lack substance.
去了解自己所要面對的狀況是面試者自己的事情。Palmer說，“這算是一次情況的核實”。管理崗和入門崗所面臨的障礙是不一樣的。作為一個經(jīng)理，你可能會去監(jiān)管一個只依靠有限的經(jīng)費運營的部門。作為初入職場的員工，你可能需要在自己的閑暇時間去完成一個沒有實質(zhì)內(nèi)容的任務(wù)。
Interpreting the response: The interviewer may point out the least offensive parts of the job. But if he or she denies any downside whatsoever, that should raise doubts about his or her credibility. "Any boss that tells you there are not challenges, they're lying. It's just that simple," Palmer says.
解讀面試官的反應(yīng)：面試官有可能只指出該崗位當(dāng)中最不傷大雅的部分。但是，如果他否認任何缺點，那么你就該對他的可信度有所懷疑了。Palmer 說，“當(dāng)任何一個老板告訴你沒什么挑戰(zhàn)的時候，那么他們就在撒謊。就這么簡單�！�
Do you have any hesitations about my qualifications?
你對我的資歷有任何的疑問嗎？
Asking a question like this lets the interviewer know that you're secure enough to openly discuss your vulnerabilities. It also signals confidence and the ability to be coached, says John Kador, author of "301 Best Questions to Ask on Your Interview. " "Coachability is a hugely attractive attribute as far as interviewers are concerned," he explains.
問這樣的問題可以讓面試官知道你是可以放開討論你的弱勢的。這也表明了你自信和可塑性。《面試最佳301問》的作者John Kador如是說。他同時也說：“可塑性對于面試官來說是個非常具有吸引力的方面�！�
Interpreting the response: At your urging, the interviewer may voice concerns about a lack of training in certain areas or gaps in employment. Rather than gloss over your shortcomings, address them and put up a respectful and reasonable defense. "You may be able to come up with a satisfactory response, you may not," Kador says. "But at least you have the chance."
解讀面試官的反應(yīng)：在你的追問下，面試官有可能會表示你在某些方面缺少培訓(xùn)經(jīng)歷。此時，與其對你的缺點遮遮掩掩，倒不如大方提及這個問題，并且以一種禮貌合理的方式解釋。Kador說：“你有可能得到一個滿意的回應(yīng)，也有可能不。但至少你有這樣的機會�！�
面試大闖關(guān)4 如何介紹上一份工作
1. Would you briefly describe this company to me? 介紹一下你的原單位， 好嗎？
問題分析： 當(dāng)老外提出這個問題的時候， 他心里的疑問是： “這個公司我從來沒有聽說過， 是否是個名不見經(jīng)傳的小公司？”所以， 在向老外介紹自己工作單位的時候， 要著重強調(diào)公司的優(yōu)點， 規(guī)模大的強調(diào)規(guī)模， 人數(shù)多的強調(diào)人數(shù)。如果你所在的公司業(yè)務(wù)總量很小， 你可以告訴面試官， 業(yè)務(wù)總量不大但是平均到每個員工的業(yè)務(wù)量卻相當(dāng)驚人！
回答示范： “廣盛發(fā)”，the name means “a big, prosperous company”, hehe, although it’s not really a very big company. But, it’s true that the company is quite prosperous. It specializes in exporting women’s shoes. With only 10 employees so far the turnover last year was up to 15,000,000 RMB. I am one of the three customer service officers, with the responsibility of order taking, tracking and general customer service roles. Due to the limited number of staff, we all work more than 10 hours a day, 7 days a week in busy season.
點評： 很明顯， 這個回答既體現(xiàn)了自己原來的公司的規(guī)模， 也暗示了自己能夠適應(yīng)繁忙工作的特點。
2. Would you describe your typical working day? 請你描述一下自己典型的一天工作吧。
問題分析： 在這個問題上， 面試官希望捕捉到的信息點是： 第一， 這個家伙原來干的工作和我們現(xiàn)在這份工作到底有多少是類似的？第二， 他在原來工作單位表現(xiàn)到底怎么樣？所以， 在描述自己的工作內(nèi)容時， 要注意突出兩個信息點： 第一， 用事實突出自己繁忙并且業(yè)績不錯的優(yōu)點； 第二， 要著意強調(diào)一下和所申請工作類似的內(nèi)容。
回答示范：Yes. I would arrive at office half an hour earlier as my boss often gives me a lot of work once he comes in, and I have to be ready for it. My responsibilities are mainly to assist the sales manager and representatives with order tracking, stock reporting, document preparation and translation, using Excel, Word and PowerPoint. When the reps are on a business trip, I will deal with their share. Two thirds of my work involves computers, working on tables and forms precisely and quickly. The rest of time is to take care of the managers and reps, you know, do what they need me to.
點評： 用事實說明自己是個敬業(yè)的人。在描述工作內(nèi)容的時候， 有細節(jié)性描述， 也有總結(jié)性描述， 非常清晰。
3. Why do you want to leave your job? 你為什么要離職？
回答示范1：To be honest, the reason I quit is that I am not pleased by my current job. My current work is in a vocational high school. Maybe I have to explain a bit more here. In China, vocational high schools are designed for the less-advanced students or the ones wanting work instead of going to university to further their education. As a result, the social status and the pay in vocational high schools are not at all satisfactory. I can never become a professor in this school. So, although teaching makes me happy, I have to leave this job because I can’t have long-term career development here.
點評1： 相當(dāng)一部分申請人辭職的原因都是為了“長遠的職業(yè)發(fā)展”， 目前工作“看不到前途和未來”或者“缺乏挑戰(zhàn)和創(chuàng)新”。這些其實都是合理的理由， 但是， 務(wù)必要把看不到前途和未來的原因解釋清楚， 讓面試官知道， 沒有前途不是你個人能力缺乏所致， 而確實是客觀因素使然。此外， 涉及中國特殊現(xiàn)象時，把具體的情況解釋清楚， 否則 老外不會了解中專教師為什么不像大學(xué)教師那么爽。
回答示范2：The former company hasn’t done well in the past 2 years, they have to make some redundancy and our department is lucky enough to be one of them. What a pity.
點評2： 公司裁員很少發(fā)生， 不過如果事實如此， 你需要解釋出自己被裁減的原因是因為整個部門被關(guān)閉， 而不是你個人表現(xiàn)欠佳而被裁減。同時， 展示了一下自己的幽默， 很好。
回答示范3：Frankly speaking, I want to leave the job simply because I’m attracted by the position you offer. Compared with my current employer, Global Market is so much more renowned, offering a secure job and a long-term development. My current employer now offers an okay salary, but the career opportunities here are very limited because the size of business is relatively small. I think you can understand my choice.
點評3： 很真實，90%的人都是為了“更好的發(fā)展”而離職， 不妨實話實說也罷。
4. What is an ideal boss like? 你最喜歡的老板是什么樣子的？
問題分析： 和上個問題一樣， 面試官希望了解的是： 第一， 這份工作是否會讓你滿意？第二， 你一定會效仿你的老板， 如果你說自己喜歡的老板是能吃苦耐勞的， 那么你往往是一個吃苦耐勞的人； 如果你說喜歡自己的老板是高屋建瓴的， 那么你往往也是一個頗為注重宏觀規(guī)劃的人。要格外注意的是， 如果面試你的人恰恰就是你未來的老板， 那么這個問題可要小心了， 如果你所做的描述和他的個性風(fēng)馬牛不相及， 可能令面試功虧一簣。
普通回答：I like democratic bosses. They can give me enough room to develop on my own, rather than giving instructions to me for every small detail.
點評： 這個回答比較危險， 明顯地表現(xiàn)出該申請人追求“自由化”的性格特點， 會令很多面試官覺得心里一沉。所以說， 在回答這個問題的時候， 要走“保守主義”路線， 盡量不要給人一種“初生牛犢不怕虎”的感覺， 而要表現(xiàn)出謙虛謹慎、 積極、 誠懇等特點。再者說， 這個回答明顯在給老板提要求， 當(dāng)你對比下面這個回答示范的時候， 你就會明白一個道理： 給老板提要求， 遠遠不如請老板給自己提要求令人喜歡。
回答示范1：Ideal boss? Well, I prefer strict bosses. Although working with strict bosses means a lot of pressure, I can grow fast with them. For new graduates, nothing is more important than developing our abilities as fast as we can.
點評1： 主動請老板為自己加壓， 多么可愛可敬的人， 善哉！工作經(jīng)驗有所欠缺的申請人， 不妨向面試官表表這樣的態(tài)度。
回答示范2：Ideal boss? Let me see. Well, in my opinion, an ideal boss can effectively motivate his or her subordinates by encouraging good performance and punishing poor performance. I will feel highly motivated to do a good job if I know my boss would reward me for excellent performance.
點評2： 好！一個希望老板能“獎懲分明”員工， 往往是很自信能夠做出優(yōu)良表現(xiàn)的員工。
5. What were the best aspects of your last job? 在上一份工作中， 你最喜歡的是什么地方？
問題分析： 在這個問題上， 面試官要捕捉的信息點是： 第一， 這個申請人是個什么樣的人？如果你是小秘書卻喜歡有挑戰(zhàn)， 那你很可能還停留在好高騖遠的不成熟階段； 如果你喜歡原來的老板給你很大的自由發(fā)展空間， 那么你很可能是個“自由派”， 不太喜歡約束； 第二， 你所申請的工作到底是否會讓你滿意？如果這一份工作內(nèi)容和你最喜歡的工作內(nèi)容大相徑庭， 比如說， 你喜歡有挑戰(zhàn)而偏偏這份工作很細節(jié)， 那么面試官可能會因為“自慚形穢”而拒絕你的申請。
回答示范1：The best aspect of my last job? Let me see. Well, I think it was the trust of my boss. He gave me lots of room to develop myself, you know, letting me shoulder responsibilities. And I didn’t let him down. I did a good job.
點評1： 一個令前任老板信任的員工， 更有可能贏得未來老板的信任。
回答示范2：The best aspect of my job, well, is that I can learn a lot from others. As you can imagine Carrefour has a team of high-quality staff. When working with these people I can learn a lot, you know, their attitude to see things, the way they work.
點評2： 樂于向別人學(xué)習(xí)的人， 我們都喜歡!
回答示范3：The best aspect of my job? I think it’s the team I work with. As a sales assistant I work with the sales reps on a daily basis. It’s so interesting to work with them, as you can imagine the sales reps are all active and humorous guys. I can learn so much from them. After working with them for a year and a half, I feel I have “inherited” their good traits. I’m tougher, more positive and a lot better at pleasing others, hehe.
點評3： 很多人都會說自己工作最好的地方是擁有一群好同事， 但是只有在你給出細節(jié)之后才能打動面試官。這個答案很棒， 既夸了自己的團隊， 也夸獎了自己。
6. What were the worst aspects of your last job? 在上一份工作中， 你最討厭的是什么地方？
問題分析： 這是一個比較棘手的一個問題， 說得虛偽了沒有人相信， 說得太真實又唯恐令面試官反感。
回答示范1：The worst aspect of my current job is definitely lack of job security. My pay was delayed twice in the four months since I’ve worked there. I joined this company in hope of helping the boss to grow a small business into a bigger one. However, it proved a lot more difficult than I expected. The boss is very reluctant to invest in promotion. As a result, business has been rather slow.
點評1： 職位不穩(wěn)定， 薪水不能保證， 這的確是份糟糕的工作。不過， 別忘記告訴面試官， 這可不是你的錯兒。
回答示范2：I have to work six days a week in my current job. You know it’s against the Labor Law but it’s the normal practice in many factories in Dongguan. It would be quite alright for me to work on Saturday occasionally, but certainly not every Saturday.
點評2： 很真實的回答。如果是我， 早就從這個每周六都要上班的鬼單位辭職了。人權(quán)哪， 同志們， 尤其是珠三角一帶的同志們， 讓我們齊聲高唱： 起來， 不愿意一周干六天的人們， 冒著老板冷冷的眼神， 辭職， 辭職， 辭職！
回答示范3：The worst part of my current job is that it’s too quiet. As it’s a branch liaison office it only has five people. And I don’t have enough workload. Sometimes I have little to do for the whole week! I really feel bored of working there. I’d like to have a busier job. You know, more responsibilities, more sense of achievement.
點評3： 因為工作太清閑而辭職， 這樣的人兒誰不愛？No work, no future. 年輕的你就應(yīng)該忙碌起來。
7. What were some of your achievements in your last job? 在上一份工作中你有哪些成就？
問題分析： 一個顛撲不破的面試哲學(xué)是： 在上一份工作中有成就的， 才有可能在新工作中有成就。在回答這個問題的時候， 一般要遵守一個原則： 用事實與數(shù)字說話。
回答示范1：I was named “Employee of the Year,”for the highest level of accuracy of all 18 bank tellers last year.
點評1： 一個言簡意賅而又強大的回答： 既說出了所得到的獎勵， 而且列出了獲獎原因， 同時又告訴面試官自己在18人中是最佳的。
回答示范2：I increased sales approximately 100% in three years. Last year I personally sold 1.5 million Yuan worth of services and was ranked number 2 in the entire company among 14 sales reps.
點評2： 如果是做銷售的同志， 只能用數(shù)字來說明自己的業(yè)績。
回答示范3：I suggested to my boss that we should create a new type of customer satisfaction survey. This suggestion was applied later and effectively reduced customer complaints.
點評3： 對于沒有得到過什么獎勵的申請人， 一個比較好的辦法就是告訴面試官， 自己的一個好建議被老板采納， 取得了非常不錯的效果。
8. What were some of the disappointments in your last job? 在上一份工作中你比較失望的地方或者失敗是什么？
問題分析： 這個問題相當(dāng)棘手。太真實可能會嚇壞面試官， 太虛偽又沒法令人相信。比較好的應(yīng)對方式是， 給對方列舉一些非致命的失敗， 同時， 這些失敗是由于自己所訂立的目標(biāo)比較高。
普通回答：Disappointments? There were some. I couldn’t get an A in the annual evaluation. I got B, which was not bad, but certainly not good enough.
點評： 這個回答太圓滑， 明顯在利用“失敗”夸自己向來高標(biāo)準(zhǔn)嚴要求。面試官最不喜歡這種自作聰明的人。
回答示范：I failed to achieve the sales target last year, I sold a million and a half but the target was two million. Our Beijing headquarters is having some problems and can’t provide effective pre-sales support for us. Failing to reach the target is a big disappointment for me.
點評： 一個很好的回答， 體現(xiàn)出了一個銷售人員對完成任務(wù)的強烈的渴望， 同時也順便帶出了自己完不成任務(wù)的客觀理由。
9. How would you evaluate the progress you made in your last job? 你如何來評價自己在上一份工作中的表現(xiàn)？
問題分析： 對于在上一份工作中表現(xiàn)平平的申請人， 這個問題簡直如芒刺在背， 痛苦啊。但是， 哪怕面壁三天、 掘地三尺也要想出一兩個你在上一份工作中的亮點， 否則， 只能在面試時芒刺在背了。
回答示范1：I am very proud of the progress I made in my last job. I joined the company as a new hand, but after only a year and a half, I was promoted to team leader. I could achieve such a rapid progress partly because my last job was in a small firm. If I can make the same progress in a large company like GE, I would be prouder.
點評1： 回答得非常好， 既吹噓了自己的迅速成長， 也誠懇地指出自己是個羊群里的駱駝， 在小公司里才能獲得如此快速的提升。
回答示范2：Well, I would give myself 70% if 100 means full satisfaction. I had some achievements in my last job. For example, I got 80-89% in the annual evaluation last year, which was 60%. The promotion program I organized on Wangfujing Road was highly successful and my client was very pleased. However, the results of several other programs were not quite satisfactory due to some reasons I couldn’t control. Actually that’s why I want to quit.
點評2： 這個回答可能更符合多數(shù)申請人的實際情況： 有成就， 也有失敗。
10. What pressures did you have in your last job and how did you manage them? 你工作中有什么壓力， 你是怎么樣應(yīng)付的？
問題分析： 平庸的人往往感受不到壓力， 有能力的人往往在工作中遭遇很大的壓力， 同時， 他們處理壓力的方法也是相當(dāng)積極有效的。
回答示范1：In my current job, most pressure comes from the high sales target. It’s extremely difficult to meet the target because it’s a 30% increase over the sales of last year, and the sales of last year were already quite high. However, I can manage this pressure well because although I can’t meet the sales target, my sales abilities have never been challenged by my boss and others. Six out of seven sales reps can’t meet the target this year and I am actually quite close to it.
點評1： 雖然該申請人沒有說出具體的應(yīng)付壓力的辦法， 但是他告訴面試官他并不受壓力所困， 因為自己的能力早已經(jīng)被公認。這是一個很自信的回答。
回答示范2：Well, I have to meet deadlines in my current job. Some projects have a very tight schedule, and even if we do a lot of over time work it’s still hard to meet the deadline. This gives me a lot of pressure. Usually I manage the pressure by communicating honestly with my boss. If he can understand me I feel relaxed.
點評2： 非常入情入理的回答。做技術(shù)工作的人員通常為了趕項目而熬通宵， 而如果熬通宵也不能如期交付項目的話， 勢必會造成心理壓力。爭取老板的理解， 的確是緩解壓力的好辦法。
回答示范3：There are many emergencies in my current job, you know, customer challenges, unexpected orders. As the customer service officer with the longest experience I am usually put in charge of handling emergencies，you know, like a firefighter. This gives me lots of pressure because I can’t let my boss down. I could handle these pressures well, partly because I’m used to them.
點評3： 這是個超級棒的回答， 它變相地告訴面試官， 自己是最資深的客戶服務(wù)代表， 因此總是被派做“消防隊員”， 自然要面臨很大壓力。而自信， 是對付壓力的最好辦法。
11. Sometimes a work assignment requires frequent travel. How do you feel about the prospect of frequent travel? 有時候工作需要你經(jīng)常出差， 你怎么看？
問題分析： 如果你興高采烈地說： “哦， 出差是免費旅游的好機會呀！”面試官只能啞然失笑或者苦笑， 因為你太天真了， 對于絕大多數(shù)人來說， 出差絕對不是“美差”而是“苦差”。所以， 在這個問題上， 面試官要捕捉的信息點有兩個： 第一， 這個家伙成熟了沒有？他對于這份職位本身的缺陷有沒有心理上的準(zhǔn)備？第二， 這個家伙到底會采用什么樣的方法， 避免出差損害了自己的身體健康， 并令精神萎靡不振？所以說， 面試官不想聽大話和空話， 他要聽的是一些實實在在的小措施， 能夠讓你常出差而不會太辛苦。
回答示范1：I traveled a lot in my last job. I traveled almost every week. As far as I know, this job requires travel, but not every week. So it wouldn’t be worse than my last one.
點評1： 以事實來回答質(zhì)疑， 永遠是最上策。
回答示范2：I am very lucky that I can eat and sleep very well on trips. I’ve never been carsick, and even when sitting on a train I can sleep well. So, I never need to worry about frequent traveling.
點評2： 這是個很踏實很中肯的回答。有很多女性在出差的時候神經(jīng)衰弱， 面有菜色， 凄慘無比， 老板當(dāng)然希望你能夠在出差時吃好、 睡好、 精神好。
回答示范3：I don’t worry about frequent travel because my daughter is taken care of by my parents, who are both well-educated scholars. It is not a big deal for them to educate a two-year-old little thing.
點評3： 有家庭有小孩的申請人要主動告訴面試官自己是如何處理家庭和工作的關(guān)系的。這是一個很博得人好感的回答， 有教授級的老爸老媽來帶自己兩歲的小家伙， 還有什么后顧之憂呢？
12. Most employees and bosses have some disagreements. How did you react to these disagreements in your last job? 很多雇員都和老板有意見相左的時候， 在上一份工作中， 你是如何處理和老板意見不同的情況的？
問題分析： 這個問題通常會提給有幾年工作經(jīng)驗的申請人。在這個問題上， 面試官希望捕捉的信息點是： 第一， 他是一個有主見的人， 還是一個唯老板之命是從的人？第二， 他是更信任自己的老板， 還是更信任自己？第三， 在真正意見相左的時候， 他是否能夠高效地解決問題？
回答示范1：My last boss was very democratic. He always listened to our opinions and gave us enough opportunities to defend them. So we never had any trouble communicating with each other when having disagreements.
點評1： 這個回答體現(xiàn)了對老板的贊賞。感恩， 是很令人欣賞的一種素質(zhì)。
回答示范2：When I have disagreements with my boss, my first reaction is to double-check my opinions. My boss is an expert and he’s been proven right most of the time. If I do believe I’m right or partially right, I provide my boss with a detailed report listing all facts and numbers to prove my opinion. Because my boss is extremely busy, I need to make the report simple but powerful, to help him make the decision.
點評2： 這個回答體現(xiàn)出了該申請人的兩個優(yōu)點： 第一， 在意見不合的情況下， 他首先會信任自己的老板， 檢視自己的意見。第二， 他會以事實和詳細的數(shù)據(jù)來支持自己的觀點， 幫助工作繁忙的老板做出決策。善哉！
面試中如何回答“你是否愿意加班”
Are you willing to work overtime? This depends on you; you can answer as you wish. However, if it is difficult to find job or this is a good job, you should consider working overtime willingly.
你愿意加班嗎？這要看你怎么回答了，你可以實話實說。但是，如果工作難找或者你喜歡這份工作的話，你應(yīng)該要回答愿意加班。
Answer samples
示范回答
1. I love my job and when a project deadline is coming up, everyone has to pull together to finish it – even if that means investing our beloved weekends…
1. 我喜歡這份工作，最后期限快到時，每個人都會全力以赴把它做好——即使這需要我們放棄美好的周末……
2. I do understand that it will occasionally be necessary in software industry to work overtime. Generally I feel that the work can be completed on time if we work sincerely and utilize the work hours. However I have no problem in working overtime if the project deadlines are very tight and requires me to work hard.
2. 我明白做軟件這行，偶爾加班是必要的。一般來說我覺得如果努力做事而且充分利用時間的話，工作是能按時完成的。但是如果工期緊強度大的話加班也沒問題。
3. I am very responsible person ,and I have definite plan and I go according to that in a systematic way, so in case I am behind schedule I will surely work overnight and make sure i complete it in time.
3.我是個很負責(zé)的人，我會定好計劃并系統(tǒng)的執(zhí)行，所以如果沒趕上進度，我肯定會加班確保項目按時做完。
4. It depends on the responsibilities on your shoulder. if I have to complete a task then I can work overnight and weekends…………. after that I will be happy that I have completed my job on time.
4. 這要看我肩上的擔(dān)子重不重了。是我該做好的事我會沒日沒夜的做，做好后我會很高興自己按時完成了工作。
5. I can normally work in a few nights or weekends of overtime through the month if required to meet some deadlines. I hope projects are scoped and scheduled in such a way that overtime and nights are not a common requirement.
5. 通常來說要趕進度的話，我可以晚上或周末加班。我希望項目能安排得好些，不需要經(jīng)常徹夜加班。
面試讀心術(shù)：面試官不喜歡的六個回答
Setting yourself apart from the crowd is vital when you are looking for that new job. This applies for all stages of the recruitment process - you want to ensure that your CV is at the top of a recruiter or hiring manager’s pile, and that your interview shows you in the best possible light.
在你尋找新工作時讓自己與眾不同很重要。這一點適用于招聘的每一個環(huán)節(jié)——因為你想確保自己的簡歷得到負責(zé)招聘HR的注意，還想在面試中表現(xiàn)出色讓對方認為你是最合適的人選。
People looking to fill a role will be looking for that something special which sets the very best candidates apart. To give yourself the best opportunity, here are some very common mistakes and phrases which you should try to avoid in those all-important interviews.
招聘者要挑選的是與眾不同的候選人。為了給自己贏得最好的機會，在重要的面試中要竭力避免下面這些最常犯的錯誤。
I don’t know
我不知道。
Interviewers will be looking to stretch and challenge candidates during the course of the recruitment process. The best way of dealing with the tough questions is to do your homework. The importance of research cannot be understated – you should know about the company, and be prepared for anything you will be asked about your own CV. Of course if there is a question which you are not expected to know the answer to, or if you are genuinely stuck, don't make things up or try to bluff your way through. Move back into your comfort zone, relate the question back to something you do know and take on board any new information you are given. But as I said, proper planning and preparation is essential.
在招聘過程中，面試官會嘗試挖掘和發(fā)現(xiàn)求職者的能力和潛力。應(yīng)對那些刁鉆問題最好的辦法是提前做好功課。調(diào)研的重要性不容忽視
——你應(yīng)該了解這家公司，并為任何可能針對你簡歷提出的問題做好準(zhǔn)備。當(dāng)然了，如果出現(xiàn)了一個你不知道如何回答的問題、或者你一時語塞，也不要編造事實或試圖蒙混過關(guān)。把狀態(tài)調(diào)整到你熟悉的區(qū)域，把問題聯(lián)系到你的確知道的事情上去，然后結(jié)合面試官問題給你的新信息來回答。但如上文所述，合理的計劃和準(zhǔn)備很重要。
What’s the salary?
薪水有多少？
The salary is always a tough point to discuss with a new employer, especially at the interview stage. There is a time and place to bring it up, and the first interview isn't always the right one. At the same time, you don’t want to get too far down the process and not know what the salary is. Initially you should have a good indication of the remuneration from the job description. The chances are that the interviewer themselves will ask you what sort of salary you are looking for - this gives you the opportunity to talk about it and negotiate the best deal for you.
面對新的工作，薪水總是一個難以開口的問題，尤其是在面試階段。問這個問題要看好時間和地點，初次面試不宜。同時，你不想問得過于深入、也不想對薪水毫不了解。首先，你應(yīng)該從工作描述中看出潛在的薪資水平。同時面試官很可能會問你預(yù)期薪資，這就是談?wù)撔剿樽约黑A得最佳薪資的時機。
How many holidays do I get?
我能得到多少假日？
Companies are on the look-out for people that are motivated and willing to put in the necessary effort. They want staff to be ambitious, driven self-starters, not people who are just looking for an easy life. If you want a fulfilling career and the rewards that tend to come with that, then you have to be prepared to go that extra mile. Of course you are perfectly entitled to perks, but try to avoid talking about things like holiday entitlement straight away, because it can give off the wrong impression.
公司想要招聘的是那些積極上進、愿意付出更多努力的員工。他們希望員工是有抱負、有自覺性的人，而不是僅僅尋求安逸生活的員工。如果你想要一個令人滿意、給你回報的職業(yè)，那么你應(yīng)該準(zhǔn)備好多付出一點。當(dāng)然你是有加班津貼的，但盡量不要直接談?wù)撔菁贆?quán)，因為這可能會給面試官留下不良印象。
I dislike my current company
我討厭現(xiàn)在的公司。
You never want to turn the tone of the interview negative, even if you may be having a bad experience at your current job. All this does is make you seem like somebody who is difficult to manage. If asked why you are leaving, focus more on your ambitions for the future and what excites you about the job you are applying for.
即使你在現(xiàn)在的工作中的確處境糟糕，也不能在新工作的面試中說它的壞話。你所有的吐槽都會使你看起來像個難以管理的人。如果面試官問你為什么離職，要把重點放在你對未來的發(fā)展雄心、以及你所應(yīng)聘的這個工作如何吸引你上面。
I don’t have any questions
我沒有問題。
I have written before about candidates needing to ask questions themselves in interviews. You want to show prospective employers how keen you are to get the role. The research you have done may have thrown up some interesting facts that you can ask about, or you may want to know about the scope for personal development. You may also wish to get some more information about your role or the working culture – either way it is important that the interview process is not one sided.
此前我曾經(jīng)寫過，應(yīng)聘者需要在面試中問問題，這樣才能讓準(zhǔn)雇主看出你是多么熱切得到這個職位。你所做的功課可以讓你問出一些有趣的問題，或者你也可以問問個人發(fā)展的問題，或者問問你的工作角色以及公司文化，無論那種方式，你的提問會使面試保持良好的雙向溝通狀態(tài)。
面試三句話必勝法則：馬上有工作
To galvanize your job search and lead you to your new dream job, your communications with any prospective employer — whether via phone, email or during a job interview — must incorporate these three messages:
為了讓你找工作少走彎路并最終找到理想的工作，無論通過電話、電子郵件或是工作面試，你在與任何潛在雇主的交流中都應(yīng)該包括以下三點信息：
1. Here's what I've got.
這是我已經(jīng)能做的。
You’ll notice this isn’t “Here’s what I know.” Your employer doesn’t care about what you know. In fact, what you know has little relevance to your employer.
可能你注意到了，我說的不是“這是我已經(jīng)知道的�！蹦憷习宀粫P(guān)心你所知道的。事實上，你知道的那些和你老板一點關(guān)系也沒有。
It’s what you can do with what you know that really counts. Nothing else matters, but this is where the majority of people go wrong.
真正重要的是你用知識能做些什么；別的什么不重要，但這恰恰是大部分人誤解的地方。
Just because you have specialized knowledge doesn’t mean you should be employed.
只因為你有專業(yè)知識就錄用你是說不過去的。
2. Here's what I will do for you.
這是我能為貴公司做的。
This is the step where you demonstrate your enthusiasm for the position.
通過這一步，你可以向老板展示你對這個職位的熱情。
Your attitude will come through in your interactions, so being positive is important. A negative attitude can be poisonous in this step.
你的態(tài)度會在你們互動的過程中顯露出來，所以保持積極的態(tài)度是很重要的。消極的態(tài)度在這里是致命的。
Keep in mind that many candidates have experienced the same hardships, but they bring positivity to their interviews. That positivity is not just contagious; it makes people want to work with you.
你要記住——很多其他的求職者處境也很艱難，但是他們在面試中表現(xiàn)得很積極。積極的態(tài)度能夠影響他人，也會讓別人愿意和你共事。
3. Here's what I want you to do next for me.
這是我想讓貴公司提供給我的。
Don’t ask about compensation and benefits. Instead, let the interviewer broach those topics. Interviewers will often ask applicants what compensation they’re seeking.
不要自己開口問報酬和福利，而是要讓面試官打開這個話題。面試官通常會詢問求職者的預(yù)期薪酬。
When asked this question, a lot of interviewees will say they don’t know or cite a too-high or too-low figure based on guesswork.
當(dāng)回答這個問題的時候，很多面試者會說不知道，或者僅憑臆想說出一個過高或過低的數(shù)目。
In summary, employers are mostly interested in what you can do for them. They really don’t care about your background, except with respect to how you can use it for their benefit.
總的來說，雇主最關(guān)心的是你能為公司做什么。他們不會關(guān)心你的背景，除非你的背景能為公司創(chuàng)收。
面試中如何回答"你的五年工作規(guī)劃是什么"
Whether you're a new graduate or someone with a few years of experience under your belt, you might come across interview questions about where you'd like to go in your career during your job search. One of the more common versions of this question is, "Where do you see yourself in 5 years?". Although it may not be the most creative question, it's an important question to ask yourself anyway, and you should have a response prepared for the interview.
無論你是應(yīng)屆生還是有了幾年工作經(jīng)驗的職場人，你都會在面試中碰到與職業(yè)選擇有關(guān)的問題。有個最常見的版本是，“你的五年工作規(guī)劃是什么？”。 盡管這不是什么創(chuàng)新型的問題，可這對你個人來說還是很重要的，你應(yīng)該為了面試好好準(zhǔn)備一下。
First, let's consider what the interviewer is really asking. They want to find out a few things: Have you given thought to your career? Are you ambitious or do you lack initiative? Do your goals fit with those of the company? Are you going to be a long-term employee or are you going to jump ship for the next big opportunity?
首先，讓我們想想面試官真正想問的是什么。他們想知道這些事情：你是否認真考慮過你的職業(yè)規(guī)劃？你是雄心壯志還是缺乏積極性？你的目標(biāo)與公司相符嗎？你是想穩(wěn)定下來長期地做下去還是一有了更大的機會就馬上跳槽？
The interviewer doesn't want to hear that you don't plan to stay at their company for long, but instead plan to start your own business, go to grad school or live on a beach in Greece. What they want to hear is that you're looking to make a commitment to the company and that the role is not only exactly what you're looking for but also something you do well.
面試官不想聽到你說不想在他們公司長期做下去，而是要自己創(chuàng)業(yè)、讀研或是在想要住在希臘的沙灘上。 他們真正想聽的是你想為公司做出一個承諾，這個角色并不僅僅是你所想要的，同時也是你能力所及。
Don't be too rigid in your goals, such as, "I want to be promoted within a year, and be managing a team six months after that." This can automatically take you out of consideration if the position has little growth opportunity. And if you are applying for an entry-level position, this seems presumptuous and they may go with a different candidate that has more realistic goals.
不要立個太嚴苛的目標(biāo)，比如說，“我想在一年里就升職，而且在六個月之后能夠帶領(lǐng)一支團隊�！� 如果這個職位的發(fā)展機會很小的話，這樣的回答會使你直接被淘汰。 另外如果你申請的是初級職位，這個回答未免太過自以為是，面試官們可能會選擇其他目標(biāo)比較現(xiàn)實的候選人。
A good answer to this question will show you've thought about your career and that you want to continue to learn and grow at their company, as well as shows off your strengths and accomplishments. If you have strong values about contributing to the team or working at a large corporation, include this in your answer.
對這個問題做出一個好的回答會體現(xiàn)你對職業(yè)生涯的思考，表達你想繼續(xù)學(xué)習(xí)并在這個公司里成長的愿望，也會展示你的強項和成就。如果你認為對團隊做出貢獻或者在一個大型企業(yè)里工作很重要的話，把這些也加進你的回答中。
For example, a good answer could be, "I'd like to continue progressing in the marketing field, and see myself in a more senior marketing role. Judging by our conversation so far, this position would give me the opportunity to gain new skills and techniques that would help me to advance. I'd like to continue taking on more responsibilities and am confident that I can make positive contributions to the team that will bring the company more success."
例如，一個好的回答可以是，“我想繼續(xù)在市場這塊領(lǐng)域發(fā)展，并希望自己可以謀求一個更資深的職位。從我們的談話中，我認為這個職位給了我學(xué)習(xí)新技能的機會，而這可以幫助我提高自己。我想繼續(xù)擔(dān)負更多的職責(zé)，我也有信心能對團隊做出積極的貢獻，令公司取得更多的成功�！�
Keep in mind that the goal of the interview is to convince your interviewer that you are the best person for the job so that you will proceed to the next stage of the job search process: the offer. So, show the interviewer that you can contribute to the company's success!
記住面試的目標(biāo)是說服你的面試官你是這個職位的最佳人選，而后你就會進入工作搜尋的第二階段：錄用通知。所以，向面試官表現(xiàn)一下你能給公司帶來成功吧。
More examples:
更多的例子：
1. First and foremost, I want to contribute as much as I can to your company in the position I'm applying for. Once mastered, I see myself in a supervisory or management role. I'm a good leader and enjoy managing people and projects.
1. 首先也最為重要的是，我想盡我所能在我申請的這個崗位上為貴公司做出貢獻。一旦對工作內(nèi)容掌握得更加熟練后，我認為我會提升到主管或者管理級別的職務(wù)。我是個很好的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者，我喜歡管理員工和項目。
2. Although my initial focus would be to work to my full potential in the job I'm applying for, I would very much like to move into a supervisory or management role in 3-5 years...or less. I enjoy supporting my team members, and strive to set a good example for others.
盡管我的首要目標(biāo)是在我申請的崗位上全力以赴，但是我仍然很想在3—5年內(nèi)，甚至更短的時間內(nèi)上升到主管或者管理級別的職位。我很愿意支持團隊成員，并想為別人樹立一個好的榜樣。
3.My first goal will be to meet or exceed your expectations in the position I'm applying for. After that, I would enjoy the responsibilities of management. I'm patient with others and like the challenges of leadership.
3. 我的第一目標(biāo)將會是在這個崗位上達到或者超過你的期望。在那之后，我想擔(dān)起管理的職責(zé)。我對待他人總是很有耐心，也喜歡迎接作為一個領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者的挑戰(zhàn)。
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