自考公共課英語(yǔ)(二)各題型應(yīng)試技巧-詞形變化

詞形變化（ Word Form ）應(yīng)試技巧

1.熟練掌握動(dòng)詞詞形變化規(guī)律。注意：動(dòng)詞形式既包括謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的各種形式，如時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)及語(yǔ)氣（直陳、虛擬）等，虛擬語(yǔ)氣為重點(diǎn)，幾年來(lái)的考題中都有這方面內(nèi)容；也包括非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的各種形式。所以做動(dòng)詞的詞形變化時(shí)，首先要搞清楚它在句中是謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞還是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，然后再作相應(yīng)的變化。

2.認(rèn)真學(xué)好并熟悉課文。本題所選用的句子是根據(jù)教材中出現(xiàn)的句子編寫的，其中多數(shù)來(lái)自課文，所以熟悉教材十分重要。

3.認(rèn)真鉆研相關(guān)的語(yǔ)法講解。主要指謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞比較等級(jí)、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞、虛擬語(yǔ)氣形容詞比較級(jí)、最高級(jí)，等部分。

動(dòng)詞：動(dòng)詞是考試的重點(diǎn)。主要包括：動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)、語(yǔ)氣和非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。

1）動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)：重點(diǎn)是動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)、完成時(shí)。

So far， Irving ______（live） in New York City for ten years. has lived

Many a writer of newspaper articles_______（trun） to writing novels during the past decade. has turned

Some people think relations between people _______（deteriorate） so much that understanding and friendship are almost impossible . have deteriorated

Nearly a week passed before the girl was able to explain what _______（happen） to her.

had happened

In the past two decades， research _____（expand） our knowledge about sleep and dreams . has expanded

2）動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)：主要掌握各個(gè)時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)式。

The nations that _______actively ________（involve） in earthquake prediction programs include Japan， Russia， and the United States. are involved

There __________（estimate） to be more than 20，000 overseas domestic servants working in Brtain in 1995. were estimated

3）動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)氣：

A.掌握非真實(shí)條件句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞在主句和條件句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式。

If you had come earlier， you ______ （not miss） the first act of the play.

would not have missed

If it hadn‘t been for your help， we _____（be） in real trouble.

would have been

B.在表示建議、命令、要求以及表示“重要性”和“緊迫性”等含義的主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句中，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，由“動(dòng)詞原形”或“should + 動(dòng)詞原形”構(gòu)成。 should 常常省略

I would recommend that you _______（think） about doing something similar for yourself. （should） think

It was imperative that students ______（finish） their papers before July 1st.

（should） finish

C.動(dòng)詞wish 、would rather （sooner）、if only、as if 后的虛擬語(yǔ)氣。

I would rather he _____（buy） the house next year.

bought （ 表示從句中動(dòng)作尚未發(fā)生）

She treats me as if I ______ （be） a stranger. were

The manager told us to be friendly to the visitors as if we _____（ meet） them before.

had met

If only we ______（have） a phone！ I‘m tired of waiting outside the public phone box.

D.in case ， for fear that ， lest 等詞后從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為（should） + 原形。

He took his umbrella with him lest it _______ （rain.）

（should） rain

E.在It is （high） time that 從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞一般用過(guò)去時(shí)動(dòng)詞。

It‘s high time that we _______（take） firm measures to protect our environment. took

F.時(shí)間錯(cuò)綜條件句，動(dòng)詞的形式要根據(jù)表示的時(shí)間調(diào)整。

如果我們?cè)鐒?dòng)身，現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)在雨中走了。

If we had set out earlier，we wouldn‘t be walking in the rain.

（從句中動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，主句中動(dòng)作發(fā)生在現(xiàn)在。）