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2016年職稱(chēng)英語(yǔ)理工類(lèi)閱讀理解模擬題
第一篇：
Can Buildings Be Designed to Resist Terrorist Attack?
In the aftermath of the terrorist attack on the World Trade Center, structural engineers are trying bard to solve a question that a month ago would have been completely unthinkable：Can building be designed to withstand catastrophic blasts inflict4ed by terrorists?
Ten days after the terrorist attacks on the twin towers, structural engineers from the University at Buffalo and the Multidisciplinary Center for Earthquake Engineering Research (MCEER) headquartered at UB traveled to ground zero as part of a project funded by the National Science Foundation. Visiting the site as part of an MCEER reconnaissance visit, they spent two days beginning the task of formulating ideas about how to design such structures and to search for clues on how to do so in buildings that were damaged, but still are standing.
“Our objective in visiting ground zero was to go and look at the buildings surrounding the World Trade Center, those buildings that are still standing, but that sustained damage,” said M. Bruneau, Ph.D. “Our immediate hope is that we can develop a better understanding as to why those buildings remain standing, while our long-term goal is to see whether earthquake engineering technologies can be married to existing technologies to achieve enhanced performance of buildings in the event of terrorist attacks,” he added.
Photographs taken by the investigators demonstrate in startling detail the monumental damage inflicted on the World Trade Center towers and buildings in the vicinity. One building a block away from the towers remains standing, but was badly damaged. “This building is many meters away from the World Trade Center and yet we see a column there that used to be part of that building,” explained A Whittaker, Ph. D. “The column became a missile that shot across the road, through the window and through the floor.”
The visit to the area also revealed some surprises, according to the engineers. For example, the floor framing system in one of the adjacent buildings was quite rugged, allowing floors that were pierced by tons of falling debris to remain intact. “Highly redundant ductile framing systems may provide a simple, but robust strategy for blast resistance,” he added. Other strategies may include providing alternate paths for gravity loads in the event that a load-bearing column fails. “We also need a better understanding of the mechanism of collapse,” said A Whittaker. “We need to find out what causes a building to collapse and how you can predict it.”
A Reinhorn, Ph. D. noted that “Earthquake shaking has led to the collapse of many buildings in the past. It induces dynamic response and extremely high stresses and deformations in structural components. Solutions developed for earthquake-resistant design may be directly applicable to blast engineering and terrorist-resistant design. Part of our mission now at UB is to transfer these solutions and to develop new ones where none exist at present.”
31 The question raised in the first paragraph is one __________.
A that was asked by structural engineers a month ago
B that is too difficult for structural engineers to answer even now
C that was never difficult for before the terrorist attack
D that terrorists are eager to find a solution to
32 The project funded by the National Science Foundation __________.
A was first proposed by some engineers at UB
B took about two days to complete
C was to investigate the damage caused by the terrorist attack
D was to find out why some buildings could survive the blasts
33 The column mentioned by Dr. Whittaker _________.
A was part of the building close to the World Trade Center
B was part of the World Trade Center
C was shot through the window and the floor of the World Trade Center
D damaged many buildings in the vicinity of the World Trade Center
34 A surprising discovery made by the investigators during their visit to ground zero is that __________.
A floors in the adjacent building remain undamaged
B some floor framing systems demonstrate resistance to explosion
C simple floor framing systems are more blast resistant
D floors in one of the adjacent buildings were pierced by tons of debris
35 What Dr. Reinhorn said in the last paragraph may imply all the following EXCEPT that __________.
A blast engineers should develop new solutions for terror-resistant design
B blast engineering can borrow technologies developed for terror-resistant design
C solutions developed for earthquake-resistant design may apply to terrorist-resistant design
D slast engineering emerges as a new branch of science
答案：31 C建筑設(shè)計(jì)是否能使建筑具有抵御恐怖襲擊的性能，是一個(gè)月前世界貿(mào)易中心受到襲擊之前人們從未想過(guò)的一個(gè)問(wèn)題。這是第一段的主要內(nèi)容。所以，只有C是正確答案。
32 D A不是正確選項(xiàng)，因?yàn)槲恼聸](méi)有提及誰(shuí)首先提出這個(gè)項(xiàng)目。B或C都不是文章所述的內(nèi)容。答案可以在第三段中找到。
33 B有關(guān)本題的句子是第四段的第三句，“This building is many meters away from the World Trade Center and yet we see a column there that used to be Part of that building."這里的this buildin9指的是the building many meters away from the World Trade Center，而that buildin9指的是World Trade Center。
34 B選項(xiàng)A不是答案，因?yàn)槲恼抡f(shuō)，the floor framing system in one of the adjacent buildings…remain intact.C不是文章表達(dá)的內(nèi)容。D在文中提到，但不是a surprising discovery .只有B是正確答案。
35 D選項(xiàng)A的內(nèi)容是正確的，根據(jù)是本段最后一句(“…develop new ones”)。選項(xiàng)B和C的內(nèi)容也是正確的，根據(jù)是本段最后兩句(關(guān)鍵詞是applicable和transfer)。只有D是答案。因?yàn)镽einhorn沒(méi)有說(shuō)：blast engineering emerges as a new branch of science.
第二篇：
Stress Level Tied to Education Level
People with less education suffer fewer stressful days,according to a report in the current issue of the Journal of Health and Social Behavior.
However,the study also found that when 1ess-educated people did suffer stress it was more severe and had a larger impact on their health.
From this.researchers have concluded that the day-to-day factors that cause stress are not random.Ⅵr11ere you are in society determines the kinds of problems that you have each day,and how well you will cope with them.
The research team interviewed a national sample of 1.03 1 adults daily for eight days about their stress level and health.People without a high school diploma reported stress on 30 percent of the study days,people with a high school degree reported stress 38 percent of the time,and people with college degrees reported stress 44 percent of the time.
Less advantaged people are less healthy on a daily basis and are more likely to have downward turns in their health.'"lead researcher Dr.Joseph Grzywacz,of Wake Forest University Baptist Medical Center,said in a prepared statement."The downward turns in health were connected with daily stressors.and the effect of daily stressors on their health is much more devastating for the less advantaged."
Grzywacz suggested follow-up research to determine why less-educated people report fewer days of stress when it is known their stress is more acute and chronic.
"If something happens every day,maybe it'snot seen as a stressor"Grzywacz says."Maybe it is just 1ife."
1. Stress level is closely related to
A)family size.
B)social status.
C)body weight.
D)work experience.
2.The 1.03 1 adults were interviewed
A)on adaily basis for 8days.
B)during one of eight days.
C)all by Grzywacz.
D)in groups.
3. Which group reported the biggest number of stressful days? A)People without any education.
B)People without high school degrees.
C)People with high school degrees.
D)People with college degrees.
4.The less advantaged people are,the greater
A)the impact of stress on their health is.
B)the effect of education on their health is
C)the level of their education is.
D)the degree of their health concern is.
5.Less—educated people report fewer days of stress possibly because
A)they don't want to tell the truth.
B)they don't want to face the truth.
C)stress is too common a factor in their life.
D)their stress is more acute.
答案：1. B 從文章題目便可得知,一個(gè)人的緊張程度與其受教育的程度掛鉤,而受教育的程度又直接影響一個(gè)人的社會(huì)地位。因此,文章第三段提到,一個(gè)人的社會(huì)地位決定了其每日所面臨的問(wèn)題和處理這些問(wèn)題的能力。由此可見(jiàn),緊張程度與社會(huì)地位密切相關(guān)。
2. A 文章第四段提到,研究人員對(duì)全國(guó)抽樣的1 031名成人連續(xù)八天每天進(jìn)行采訪(fǎng)。
3. D 從文章第四段可以得知,調(diào)查對(duì)象學(xué)歷越高,自己所報(bào)告的緊張?zhí)鞌?shù)便越多。
4. A 文章第五段提到,一個(gè)人的社會(huì)地位越低,緊張對(duì)其健康造成的危害也就越大。
5. C 文章最后兩段提到,受教育程度越低者所報(bào)告緊張?zhí)鞌?shù)越少的原因有可能是他們對(duì)緊張因素己司空見(jiàn)慣,視其為生活的一部分,而不是什么特別值得注意的。
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