職稱英語(yǔ)理工類b級(jí)考試真題
現(xiàn)如今，只要有考核要求，就會(huì)有試題，試題可以幫助參考者清楚地認(rèn)識(shí)自己的知識(shí)掌握程度。什么樣的試題才是好試題呢？以下是小編收集整理的職稱英語(yǔ)理工類b級(jí)考試真題，歡迎大家分享。
第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)(第1～15題，每題1分，共15分)
下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或短語(yǔ)劃有底橫線，請(qǐng)為每處劃線部分確定1個(gè)意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。
1 Marsha confessed that she know nothing of computer.
A hoped
B answered
C admitted
D reported
答案為:A
本題解析：
1 A confess 這個(gè)動(dòng)詞是"坦白、交代、承認(rèn)"的意思，admit 也是"承認(rèn)"的意思，兩個(gè)詞后面都可以跟用 that 引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，在這個(gè)句子里可以換用
2 We need to extract the relevant financial data.
A store
B save
C review
D obtain
答案為:D
本題解析:
2 D extract 作動(dòng)詞用是"獲得、獲取"的意思，在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有 obtain 具有這樣的意 義，又如: extract help, extract satisfaction, extract information 等。
3 Mr. Henley has accelerated his sale of shares over the past year.
A held
B increased
C expected
D offered
答案為:B
本題解析:
3 B accelerate 這個(gè)動(dòng)詞原意是"加速"，如: The trains have been accelerated. 火車提速了；The steps to implement the plan are being accelerated. 執(zhí)行該計(jì)劃的步伐正在加速。在本句中 accelerate his sale of shares(加速出售他的股票)，無(wú)疑就是增加出售他的股票的意思，故選 increased。
4 The police believe the motive for the murder was jealousy.
A choice
B idea
C decision
D reason
答案為:D
本題解析:
4 D motive 是"動(dòng)機(jī)" 的意思，the motive for (doing) something即為 "做某事的動(dòng)機(jī)"，reason 是"理由"，the motive for the murder 和 the reason for the murder 是同一意思。
5 The high-speed trains can have major impact on our lives
A effort
B problem
C influence
D concern
答案為:C
本題解析:
5 C impact 和 influence 是同義詞，也解釋"影響"，又如: the impact of modern technology on interpersonal relationships 現(xiàn)代技術(shù)對(duì)人際關(guān)系帶來(lái)的影響。
6 His shoes were shined to perfection.
A cleared
B washed
C mended
D polished
答案為:D
本題解析:
6 D shine 這個(gè)動(dòng)詞通常用于表示"發(fā)亮、發(fā)光"的意思，如: The sun is shining。但是如 果和皮鞋一起用，那就是"擦皮鞋、把皮鞋擦亮"的意思了。本句的意思是：他的皮鞋擦得一塵不染。polish 具有"把……擦亮、磨光"的意思，clear 和 shoes 一起用的話便是"把鞋子移開(kāi)"的意思了. wash 則是用水洗，mend 是修補(bǔ)的意思。
7 We explored the possibility of expansion at the conference.
A offered
B included
C investigated
D accepted
答案為:C
本題解析:
7 C exp]ore 是"探索、探險(xiǎn)、摸索"的意思。 investigate 除了常用的"調(diào)查"這層意思外，也具有"探索"這樣的意義。本句的意思是：在會(huì)議上我們探索了擴(kuò)充的可能性。
8 The study also notes a steady decline in the number of college students taking science courses.
A continuous
B relative
C general
D sharp
答案為:A
本題解析:
8 A steady 是"穩(wěn)定的"意思，a steady decline 則是"穩(wěn)步下降"，在這個(gè)上下文中可以用 continuous 來(lái)代替它，即"不斷下降"。 sharp decline 則足 "急劇下降"。
9 Anderson left the table，remarking that he had some work to do.
A saying
B doubting
C thinking
D knowing
答案為:A
9 A remark 這個(gè)動(dòng)詞就是 "說(shuō)"的意思，所以這里就用 saying 來(lái)代替它。
10 We have to act within the existing legal framework.
A limit
B system
C procedure
D status
答案為:B
本題解析:
10 B framework 就是我們現(xiàn)在常常說(shuō)的 "框架"，within the existing legal framework指在現(xiàn)有的法律框架內(nèi)。所謂法律框架實(shí)際上就是指法律體系，所以選 system。 limit 是限制，procedure 是程序, status 是地位。
11 She always finds fault with everything.
A simplifies
B evaluates
C examines
D criticizes
答案為:D
本題解析:
D find fault with something/someone 是個(gè)固定的表達(dá)式，意為"找在、吹毛求疵"，所以和 criticize(批評(píng))基本同義。
12 The view from my bedroom window was absolutely spectacular.
A magnificent
B general
C traditional
D strong
答案為:A
本題解析:
12 A spectacular 這個(gè)形容同常用來(lái)描述場(chǎng)面、景觀等，意思是"壯觀的、壯麗的、華麗的"等。在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有 magnificent 具有這樣的意思。
13 At that time，we did not fully grasp the significance of what had happened.
A give
B understand
C attach
D lose
答案為:B
本題解析:
13 B grasp 這個(gè)動(dòng)詞是"抓住"的意思，可用于具體的事物，如：grasp the rope/my hand 抓住繩索/抓住我的手，也可以用于抽象的概念，如: grasp the main idea/his meaning 抓住要點(diǎn)/理解他的意思。在本句中 grasp the significance of what had happened 就相當(dāng)于 understand the significance of what had happened。
14 They converted the spare bedroom into an office.
A reduced
B moved
C turned
D reformed
答案為:C
本題解析:
14 C convert 的意思是"改變、轉(zhuǎn)化"。turn 則是具有同樣意義的一個(gè)更為常用的單詞，兩者后由都跟 into 來(lái)表示"變?yōu)椤?。又如：Solar energy has been successfully converted/ turned into mechanical energy. 太陽(yáng)能被成功地轉(zhuǎn)化成機(jī)械能。The priest converted/turned him from Buddhist into a Christian. 那神父把他從一個(gè)佛教徒變成了個(gè)基督教徒。reduce 減少，reform 改造。
15 Jane said that she couldnt tolerate the long hours.
A spend
B take
C last
D stand
答案為:D
本題解析:
15 D tolerate但是"忍受"的意思，如：tolerate the heat 忍受酷熱，tolerate the loneliness 忍受孤獨(dú)，tolerate the humiliation 忍受屈辱。和它同義的詞常用的有 bear ，endure 和 stand。
第2 部分：閱讀判斷 (第16-22 題，每題1 分，共7 分)
下面的短文后列出了7 個(gè)句子，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文的內(nèi)容對(duì)每個(gè)句子做出判斷：如果該句提供的是正確信息，請(qǐng)選擇A；如果該句提供的是錯(cuò)誤信息，請(qǐng)選擇B；如果該句的信息文中沒(méi)
有提及，請(qǐng)選擇C。
Lakes, Too, Feel Global Warming
There’s no doubt: In the last few decades, the average temperature on Earth has been higher than it’s been in hundreds of years. Around the world, people are starting to measure the effects of global warming — and trying to figure out what to do about it.
Scientists recently used satellites to study the temperatures of lakes around the world, and they found that lakes are heating up.Between 1985 and 2009,satellites recordedthe nighttime temperatures of the surfaces of 167 lakes. During those 24 years, the lakes got warmer — by an average of about 0.045 degree Celsius per year.
In some places, lakes have been warming by as much as 0.10 degree Celsius per year. At that rate, a lake may warm by a full degree Celsius, or 1.8 degrees Fahrenheit, in just 10 years. That difference may seem small — you might not even notice it in your bathtub. But in a lake, slightly warmer temperatures could mean more algae, and algae can make the lake poisonous to fish.
The scientists who did the study work for NASA’s Jet Propulsion Laboratory at the California Institute of TechnologyinPasadena.Theyreportthatlakesseem to bewarming faster in the northern parts of the Northern Hemisphere. In the United States, lakes in the southwestern part of the country warmed faster than did the Great Lakes in the north.
The study shows that in some regions, lakes are warming faster than the air around them. This is important because scientists often use measurements of air temperature to study how the Earth is warming. By using lake temperatures as well, scientists can get a better picture of global warming.
The scientists say data on lakes give scientists a new way to measure the impact of climate change around the world.
That’s going to be useful, since no country is too big or too small to ignore climate change.
Scientists aren’t the only ones concerned. Everyone who lives on Earth is going to be affected by therapidwarming of the planet.Many world leaders believe we might be able to do something about it, especially by reducing the amount of greenhouse gases we put into the air.
That’s why the United Nations started the Framework Convention on Climate Change, or UNFCCC. Every year the convention meets, and representatives from
countries around the world gather to talk about climate change and discuss global solutions to the challenges of a warming world.
16.Scientist have been keeping records of lake temperatures for over 30 years.
A) Right
B) Wrong
C) Not mentioned
17.The temperatures of lakes around the world have increased greatly between 1985 and 2009.
A) Right
B) Wrong
C) Not mentioned
18.Lakes seem to be warming faster in Asia.
A) Right
B) Wrong
C) Not mentioned
19. A slight temperature increase in a lake could be harmful to fish.
A) Right
B) Wrong
C) Not mentioned
20. Scientists generally focus on air temperatures when studying global warming.
A) Right
B) Wrong
C) Not mentioned
21. Globle warming is less threatening to small countries.
A) Right
B) Wrong
C) Not mentioned
22. UNFCCC’s annual meeting will be held in Mexico this year.
A) Right
B) Wrong
C) Not mentioned
16 B 文中第二段提到科學(xué)家在 1985 到 2009年的24年間不斷地測(cè)量湖泊的夜間溫度。然而，題干認(rèn)為科學(xué)家對(duì)湖泊溫度的測(cè)量超過(guò) 30 年，與文章本意不符。
17 B 文中第二段最后兩句話提到科學(xué)家連續(xù) 24年測(cè)量了世界上 167個(gè)湖泊的夜間溫度。測(cè)量的結(jié)果是這些湖泊的溫度每年增長(zhǎng) 0.045 度。題干中認(rèn)為的"世界的湖泊溫度大幅增 長(zhǎng)"的表達(dá)不符合文章本意。
18 C 文章第三段第一句話只提到了有些地方湖泊的溫度增長(zhǎng)可以每年達(dá)到O. 1 攝氏度，但并沒(méi)有說(shuō)是亞洲湖泊，因此本題的答案應(yīng)是選項(xiàng) C，"沒(méi)有提及"。
19 A 文章第三段最后一句話提到"一個(gè)湖泊水溫的輕微升高都會(huì)導(dǎo)致水藻增多，并且水藻使得湖泊有毒而不適合魚(yú)類生存"，因此本文題干表達(dá)的意思符合文章本意，選擇答案A。
20 A 文章第四段第二句話提到"科學(xué)家經(jīng)常使用對(duì)空氣溫度的測(cè)量值來(lái)研究地球變暖的情況"，因此題干表達(dá)的意思與文章本意相符。答案為 A。
21 B 文章第五段第一句話提到"世界上沒(méi)有哪個(gè)國(guó)家會(huì)很大或很小以至于不用關(guān)注氣候的變化"，因此，題干中提到的"一些小國(guó)家受到氣候變暖的威脅比較小"與文章本意不符。答案為B。
22 C 文章最后一段提到了"聯(lián)合國(guó)氣候變化框架公約"的年會(huì)，但是沒(méi)有提到今年的會(huì)議在墨西哥舉行，所以題干中提到的信息在文中沒(méi)有顯示。答案為 C。
第3 部分：概括大意與完成句子 (第23-30 題，每題1 分，共8 分)
下面的短文后有2 項(xiàng)測(cè)試任務(wù)：(1)第23-26 題要求從所給的6 個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為第1~4 段每段選擇1 個(gè)最佳標(biāo)題；(2)第27~30 題要求從所給的6 個(gè)選項(xiàng)中為每個(gè)句子確定1 個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。
The ipad
1.The iPad is a tablet computer designed, developed and marketed by Apple primarily as a platform foraudio-visual media including books,periodicals,movies,music,games,and web content. At about 1.5 pounds (680 grams), its size and weight fall between those of contemporary smartphones and laptop computers. Apple released the iPad in April 2010, and sold 3 million of the devices in 80 days.
2.The iPad runs the same operating system as the iPod Touch and iPhone─and can run its own applications as well as iPhone applications. Without modification, and with the exception of web applications, it will only run programs approved by Apple and distributed via its online store.
3 .Like iPhone and iPod Touch,the iPad is controlled by a multitouch display─a departure from most previous tablet computers, which used a pressure-triggered stylus─as well as a virtual onscreen keyboard in lieu of a physical keyboard. The iPad uses a Wi-Fi data connection to browse the Internet, load and stream media, and install software. Some models also have a 3G wireless data connection which can connect to HSPA data networks. The device is managed and synced by iTunes on a personal computer via USB cable.
4.An ipad has different features and applications one can use to execute different and interesting things. There anr lots of ipad applications that the owner can use to enhance the way they communicate.Some of these are how to use social networking sites and other online options.One of the most common uses is for e-mail services.ipad applications lide Markdown Mail allow the adoption of specifie and particular options.They enable the owner to personalize their email accounts.
5.While the ipad is mostly used by consumers it also has been taken up by business users.Some companies are adopting ipads in their business offices by distributing or making available ipads to employees.Examples of uses in the workplace include lawyers responding to clients,medical professionals accessing health records during patient exams,and managers approving employee reauests.Asurvey by Frost & Sullivan shows that ipad usage in workplaces is linked to the goals of increased employee productivity, reduced paperwork, and increased revenue.
23. paragraph 2
24. paragraph 3
25. paragraph 4
26. paragraph 5
A. Difference from iPhone.
B. Operating System.
C. Online Stores.
D. Feature and Application.
E. Business Usage.
F. Display and Data Connection.
27.In April 2010 the ipad developed by Apple was
28.The ipad will only run programs approved by Apple if not
29.Ipad applications enable the owner’s email accounts to be
30.Ipad usage in office enables employee productivity to be
A. increased
B. released
C. modified
D. distributed
E. browsed
F.personalized
23 F 本段的主題句為"The iPad runs the same operating system as iPod Touch and iPhone" ，意為 "iPad 使用與iPod Touch 和iPhone 一樣的操作系統(tǒng)"。本段也主要講述的是 iPad 的操作系統(tǒng)。答案應(yīng)為 F。
24 C 本段第一句話 "Like iPhone and iPod Touch ，the iPad is controlled by a multitouch display "，說(shuō)明 "與 iPhone 和 iPod Touch 一樣，iPad 也是多點(diǎn)觸控顯示屏"。本段其他的句子是對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)鏈接的介紹。本句的大意應(yīng)該為顯示屏和鏈接，所以答案為 F。
25 E 本段的主題句是 "An iPad has different features and applications one can use to execute different and interesting things" ，可以看出本段要說(shuō)明"iPad 有不同的特征和應(yīng)用程序來(lái)使人們完成不同的有趣事情"。答案為E。
26 D 本段的主題句是 "While the iPad is mostly used by consumers it also has been taken up by business users" ，所以可以得知本段主要講述的是 iPad 不僅用于娛樂(lè)，而且也用于辦公。答案為 D。
27 F 第一段中最后一句話是..Apple released the iPad in April 2010，and sold 3 million of the devices in 80 days" ，表達(dá)的意思是"蘋(píng)果公司在2010年4月推出了iPad，并在80天內(nèi)賣出了3 百萬(wàn)臺(tái)"。答案為F。
28 A 第二段最后一句話 "Without modification，it will only run programs approved by Apple and distributed via its online store" ，說(shuō)明"如果沒(méi)有改裝，iPad 只能運(yùn)行由蘋(píng)果公司提供的并經(jīng)由其網(wǎng)上商店推出的程序"。答案應(yīng)為A。
29 C 第四段最后一句話..They enable the owner to personalize their email accounts" 顯示"iPad 可以使他們的郵件賬戶個(gè)性化"。答案為 F。
30 B 第五段最后一句話 "A survey by Frost Sullivan shows that iPad usage in workplaces is linked to the goals of increased employee productivity，reduced paperwork, and increased revenue"，顯示"工作場(chǎng)所使用 iPad 使得員工的工作效率提高，減少了文書(shū)工作，并且 增加了收益"。答案為 B。
第4部分：閱讀理解(第31～45題，每題3分，共45分)
下面有3篇短文，每篇短文后有5道題。請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文回答其后面的問(wèn)題，為每題確定一個(gè)最佳答案。
第一篇 Cell Phones: Hang Up or Keep Talking?
Millions of people are using cell phones today. In many places it is actually considered unusual not to use one. In many countries, cell phones are very popular with young people. They find that the phones are more than a means of communication-having a mobile phone shows that they are cool and connected.
The explosions around the world in mobile phone use make some health professional worried. Some doctors are concerned that in the future many people may suffer health problems from the use of mobile phones. In England, there has been a serious debate about this issue. Mobile phone companies are worried about the negative publicity of such ideas. They say that there is no proof that mobile phones are bad for your health.
On the other hand, why do some medical studies show changes in the brain cells of some people who use mobile phones? Signs of change in the issues of the brain and head can be detected with modern scanning (掃描) equipment. In one case, a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age because of serious memory loss. He couldnt remember even simple tasks. He would often forget the name of his own son. This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, every day of his working week, for a couple of years. His family doctor blamed his mobile phone use, but his employers doctor didnt agree.
What is it that makes mobile phones potentially harmful? The answer is radiation. High-tech machines can detect very small amounts of radiation from mobile phones. Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation, but they say the amount is too small to worry about.
As the discussion about their safety continues, it appears that its best to use mobile phones less often. Use your regular phone if you want to talk for a long time. Use your mobile phone only when you really need it. Mobile phones can be very useful and convenient, especially in emergencies. In the future, mobile phones may have a warning label that says they are bad for your health. So for now, its wise not to use your mobile phone too often
31 People buy cell phones for the following reasons EXCEPT that
A theyre popular
B theyre useful
C theyre convenient
D theyre cheap
32 The world "detected" in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by
A cured
B removed
C discovered
D caused
33 The salesman retired young because
A he couldnt remember simple tasks
B he disliked using mobile phones
C he was tired of talking on his mobile phone
D his employers doctor persuaded him to
34 On the safety issue of mobile phones, the manufacturing companies
A hold that the amount of radiation is too small to worry about
B deny the existence of mobile phone radiation
C develop new technology to reduce mobile phone radiation
D try to prove that mobile phones are not harmful to health
35 The writers purpose of writing this article is to advise people
A to buy mobile phones
B to use mobile phones less often
C to regular phones
D to stop using mobile phones
本題分?jǐn)?shù)(15)
第4 部分：閱讀理解
31 D 第一段里講到了人們擁有手機(jī)的幾種理由，其中不包括手機(jī)便宜 ( cheap) 這一條。
32 C detect意為"覺(jué)察、發(fā)現(xiàn)"，故可用discover。
33 A 第三段里把這名推銷員年紀(jì)輕輕就要退休的原因講得十分明白：a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age because of serious memory loss. He couldnt remember even simple tasks.
34 A 請(qǐng)見(jiàn)第四段里的這句話：Mobile phone companies agree that there is some radiation ，but they say the amount is too small to worry about.它們并不否認(rèn)手機(jī)有輻射，但聲稱輻射量很小無(wú)需擔(dān)心。
35 B 作者建議大家少用手機(jī)，這一點(diǎn)在最后一段里可以清楚地看到。
第二篇 The book of life
So far, scientists have named about 1.8 million living species(物種), and thats a just a small part of what probably exists on Earth. With so many plants, animals, and other creatures coveting the planet, it can be tough to figure out what type of spider is moving up your leg or what kind of bird is flying by.
A soon-to-be-started Web site might help. An international team of researchers has announced the creation of Web-based Encyclopedia(百科全書(shū)) of life(EOL). The project aims to catalog every species on Earth in a single, easy-to-use reference guide.
To get the encyclopedia started, the creators will use information from scientific databases(數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)) that already exist. And eventually, in special sections of the site, nonscientist with specialized(專門的) knowledge will get to join in. Bird-watchers, for example, will be able to input which birds theyve seen and where. The technology for this kind of tool has only become available.
As the EOL develops, you might find it useful for school projects. The site will feature special pages for kids who are studying ecosystems (生態(tài)系統(tǒng)) in their neighborhoods. To make sure the encyclopedia is accurate, scientists will review much of the information added to it. People who visit the site will be able to choose to leave out pages that havent been reviewed.
Another convenient feature of the EOL is that youll be able to pick the level of detail you want to see to match your interest, age, and knowledge. If you wanted to learn about bears for a science class report, for example, you could use the "novice" setting to get basic information about the animals. On the "expert" setting, on the other hand, you could get much more detailed information about the history, literature, and exploration of bears.
It now takes years for scientists to collect all the data they need to describe and analyze species. The creators of the Encyclopedia of Life hope that their new tool will speed up that process.
36 "Spider" and "bird" mentioned in Paragraph 1 are examples to illustrate
A there are numerous living species on Earth.
B animals are peoples friends.
C it is easy to see spiders and birds.
D there are many types of spiders and birds.
37 The goal of the creation of the EOL is to
A collect enough data to analyze the living sepecies on Earth.
B enlarge an existing Web site of the living sepecies on Earth.
C add new information to the existing databases of the living species on Earth.
D work out an easy-to-use catalog of every living species on Earth.
38 At the starting stage, the EOL will get information from
A all the Web sites available.
B databases built up by its creators.
C the existing scientific databases.
D nonscientists with specialized knowledge.
39 The word "novice" in Paragraph 5 could be best replaced by
A scientist.
B creator.
C beginner
D expert.
40 Which of the following statement is NOT true?
A scientist will review every piece of information added to EOL
B The EOL will be beneficial to school kids with its development.
C Scientists have cataloged only a small part of the living species on Earth.
D People with different interests and knowledge will in a way find the EOL useful.
本題分?jǐn)?shù)(15)
36 B 文章第一段主要講述的是科學(xué)家只是將地球少數(shù)的生物物種命名了，還有很多物種沒(méi)有命名。接著作者使用蜘蛛和鳥(niǎo)的例子說(shuō)明此觀點(diǎn)，以顯示地球上生物種類的繁多。 答案為B。
37 D 文章第二段最后一句"The project aims to catalog every species on Earth in a single，easy-to-use reference guide" ，說(shuō)明"這個(gè)項(xiàng)目的目的是提供一個(gè)單一的，易于使用的生物分類參考指南"。答案為D。
38 C 文章第三段第一句話"To get the encyclopedia started, the creators will use information from scientific databases (數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)) that already exist"，說(shuō)明"為了建立這個(gè)百科全書(shū)，創(chuàng)建者要使用現(xiàn)有的科學(xué)數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)"。答案為 C。
39 C novice 的原意是"新手"，并且文中的意思也是"使用新手設(shè)置"來(lái)得到有關(guān)動(dòng)物的基本信息。答案為C。選項(xiàng) A 意為"科學(xué)家"；選項(xiàng) B 意為"創(chuàng)建者"；選項(xiàng) D 意為"專家"。
40 A 文章第四段第三句話"To make sure the encyclopedia is accurate，scientists will review much of the information added to it"，說(shuō)明"為了保證百科全書(shū)的準(zhǔn)確性，科學(xué)家會(huì)復(fù)審其中大部分的信息"，而沒(méi)有說(shuō)是"全部的信息"。本題答案為 A。文章在不同的段落提到了其余各選項(xiàng)。
第三篇 Longer Lives for Wild Elephants
Most people think of zoos as safe places for animals, where struggles such as difficulty finding food and avoiding predators (猛獸) dont exist. Without such problems, animals in zoos should live to a ripe (成熟的) old age1.
But that may not be true for the largest land animals on Earth. Scientists have known that elephants in zoos often suffer from poor health. They develop diseases, joint problems and behavior changes. Sometimes, they even become infertile, or unable to have babies.
To learn more about how captivity (圈養(yǎng)) affects elephants, a team of international scientists compared the life spans of female elephants born in zoos with female elephants living outdoors in their native lands. Zoos keep detailed records of all the animals in their care, documenting factors such as birth dates, illnesses, weight and death. These records made it possible for me researchers to analyze 40 years of data on 800 African and Asian elephants in zoos across Europe. The scientists compared the life spans of the zoo-born elephants with the life spans of thousands of female wild elephants in Africa and Asian elephants that work in logging camps(伐木場(chǎng)),over approximately the same time period.
The team found that female African elephants born in zoos lived an average of 16.9 years. Their wild counterparts who died of natural causes lived an average of 56 years-more than three times as long. Female Asian elephants followed a similar pattern. In zoos, they lived 18.9 years, while those in the logging camps lived 41.7 years.
Scientists dont yet know why wild elephants seem to fare so much better than their zoo-raised counterparts. Georgia Mason, a biologist at the University of Guelph in Canada who led the study, thinks stress and obesity (肥胖癥) may be to blame. Zoo elephants dont get the same kind of exercise they would in the wild, and most are very fat. Elephant social lives are also much different in zoos than in the wild, where they live in large herds and family groups.
The study raises some questions about acquiring more elephants to keep in zoos. While some threatened and endangered species living in zoos reproduce (生殖) successfully and maintain healthy populations, that doesnt appear to be the case with elephants. 41 Unlike other animals in zoos, zoo-raised elephants
A live a long life
B give birth to many babies
C develop poor health
D have difficulty getting food
42 Which of the following about the international scientists study is NOT true?
A They compared zoo elephants with wild elephants.
B They analyzed the records of the elephants kept in zoos.
C The zoo-born elephants they studied are kept in European zoos.
D They kept detailed records of all the elephants in their care.
43 It was found that, compared with female wild elephants, female zoo-born elephants
A lived longer.
B grew up faster.
C died much earlier.
D enjoyed the same life spans.
44 One of the possible reasons for the Zoo-raised elephants problems is that
A they do not get enough exercise.
B they do too much exercise.
C they live in large herds.
D they do not live in family groups.
45 It can be inferred from the last paragraph that
A Zoo-born elephants should be looked after more carefully.
B Zoos should keep more animals except elephants.
C It may not be a wise policy to keep elephants in the zoo.
D Elephants are no longer an endangered species.
本題分?jǐn)?shù)(15)
41 C 第二段第二句話 "Scientists have known that elephants in zoos often suffer from poor health"，說(shuō)明"生活在動(dòng)物園的大象經(jīng)常會(huì)有不良的健康狀態(tài)"。答案為C。
42 D 第三段第二句話"Zoos keep detailed records of all the animals in their care, documenting factors such as birth dates, illnesses, weight and death"，說(shuō)明是動(dòng)物園記錄了有關(guān)大象生活的各個(gè)方面，而不是科學(xué)家做的，所以選項(xiàng) D 不符合文章本意。其余選項(xiàng)的內(nèi)容在文中都有體現(xiàn)。
43 C 第四段中作者向讀者講述了野生雌大象存活的時(shí)間是生活在動(dòng)物園的雌大象存活時(shí)間的三倍，所以答案為 C。
44 D 第五段最后一句話"Social lives of elephants are a1so much different in zoos than in the wild, where they live in large herds and family groups"，說(shuō)明"生活在動(dòng)物園里的雌大象與野生雌大象不同之處是后者是群居并以家族的方式生活"。答案為D。
45 C 文章最后一段主要講述大象不適宜動(dòng)物園的生活，尤其是最后一句話 "that doesnt appear to be the case with elephant"，說(shuō)明"那不適宜大象的情況"。答案為 C。
第5 部分：補(bǔ)全短文(第46-50 題，每題2 分，共10 分)
下面的短文有5 處空白，短文后有6 個(gè)句子，其中5 個(gè)取自短文，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容將其分別放回原有位置，以恢復(fù)文章原貌。
Flying into History
Whenyou turn on the television or read a magazine, celebrites (名人)are everywhere. Although fame and the media play such major roles in our lives today, it has not always been that way. _______(46) Manyhistorians agree that Charles Lindberghwas one of the first major
celebrities, or superstars.
Lindbergh was born in Detroit, Michigan, in1902, but he grew up in Little Falls, Minnescta. As a child, he was very interested in how things worked, so when he reached college, he pursued a of flying captured Lindbergh’s degree in engineering. At the age of 20, however, the allure(誘惑) imagination. _______(47) Soon after, Lindbergh bought his own plane and traveled across the nation performing aerial stunts(空中特技).
In 1924, Lindbergh became more serious about flying. He joined the United States military and graduated first in his pilot class. _______(48) During the same time, a wealthy hotel owner named Raymond Orteig was offering a generous award to the first pilot who could fly nonstop from New York City to Paris, France. The Orteig Prize
was worth $25,000—a large amount even by today’s standards.
Lindbergh knew he had the skills to complete the flight, but not just any plane was capable of flying that far for that long. _______(49) On may 20, 1927, Charles Lindbergh took off from Roosevelt Field in New York City and arrived the next day at an airstrip(簡(jiǎn)易機(jī)場(chǎng))outside Paris. Named in honor of the sponsor. The Spirit of St. Louis carried Lindbergh across the Atlantic Ocean and into the record books. He became a national hero and a huge celebrity.
When he returned to the United States, Lindbergh rode in a ticker-tape(熱烈的)parade held to celebrate his accomplishment. _______(50) A very popular dance was even named for Charles Lindbergh—the Lindy Hop.Today, The Spirit of St.Louis is pt at the Smithsonian Institute’s National Air and Space Museum in Washington, D.C.
A.He has received a Medal of M, the f United States military decoration.
B.Eighty years ago, radio and movies were just beginning to have that kind of effect on A
C.Working with an aviation company from San Diego, and with financial help from the city of
St.Louis, Lindbergh get a customized (定制的)airplane that could make the journey.
D.Lindbergh used this additional training to get a job as an airmail pilot,flying out of St. Louis, Missouri.
E. He quit school and moved to Nebraska where he learned to be a pilot.
F. His childhood was not full of fond memories.
第5 部分：補(bǔ)金短文
46 A 第一段是文章的引言，說(shuō)的是當(dāng)今有了電視和雜志這樣的媒體，名人到處可見(jiàn)，但是情況并非一向如此，80 年前收音機(jī)和電影才剛開(kāi)始對(duì)美國(guó)人產(chǎn)生這樣的效應(yīng)，也就是 才能向美國(guó)的公眾介紹宣傳Lindberg 使他成為名人。
47 D 這個(gè)空擋的前一句說(shuō)的是Lindberg 在大學(xué)讀工程學(xué)位，但是飛行吸引了他的想象；其后的一句則講他自己買了飛機(jī)在各地表演空中特技，所以在中間自然應(yīng)該填入他輟學(xué)并移居到 Nebraska 去學(xué)習(xí)飛行這句話。
48 F 前一句說(shuō)Lindberg 參牢，在飛行員班里第一個(gè)畢業(yè)，這樣正好接上Lindbergh used this additional training to get a job as an airmail pilot，flying out of St. Louis，Missouri. 這句話。
49 B 前面一句講了 Lindberg 覺(jué)得要完成這次飛行自己的技術(shù)沒(méi)有問(wèn)題，但并非任何一架飛機(jī)都能飛這么遠(yuǎn)。所以下面就接上他找到了San Diego 的一家飛行器公司定做了一架飛機(jī)。
50 C 六個(gè)選項(xiàng)中只有這個(gè)選項(xiàng)是和他回到美國(guó)后得到的榮譽(yù)有關(guān)的。
第6部分：完形填空(第51-65題，每題1分，共15分)
下面的短文有15處空白，請(qǐng)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容為每處空白確定1個(gè)最佳選項(xiàng)。
Smoking Can Increase Depressive Symptoms in Teens
While some teenagers may puff on cigarettes to "self-medicate" against the blues, scientists at the University of Toronto1 and the University of Montreal have found that smoking may actually (51) depressive symptoms in some teens.
"This observational study is one of the few to examine the perceived (52) benefits of smoking among teens," says lead researcher Michael Chaiton, a research associate at the Ontario Tobacco Research Unit of the University of Toronto." (53) cigarettes may appear to have self-medicating effects or to improve mood, in the long 54 we found that teens who started to smoke reported5 higher depressive symptoms."
As part of the study，some 662 high school teenagers completed up to 20 questionnaires about their use of cigarettes to (55) mood.Secondary schools were selected to provide a mix of French and English participants, urban and rural schools, and schools 56 in high, moderate and low socioeconomic neighbourhoods6.
Participants were divided into three (57): never smokers； smokers who did not use cigarettes to self-medicate, improve mood or physical (58)； smokers who used cigarettes to self-medicate. Depressive symptoms were measured using a scale that asked how felt too fired to do things: had (59) going to sleep or staying asleep； felt unhappy，sad. or depressed； felt hopeless about the future；felt vexed, antsy or tense； and worried too much about things.
"Smokers who used cigarettes as mood (60) had higher risks of elevated depressive symptoms (61)teens who had never smoked," says co-researcher Jennifer 0Loughlin，a professor at the University of Montreal Department of Social and Preventive Medicine."0ur study found that teen smokers who reported emotional benefits from smoking are (62) higher risk of depressive symptoms."
The (63) between depression and smoking exists (64) among teens that use cigarettes to feel better." Its (65) to emphasize that depressive symptom scores8 were higher among teenagers who reported emotional benefits from smoking after they began to smoke," says Dr. Chaiton.
51.A diagnose B increase C examine D treat
52.A financial B material C emotional D political
53.A Whatever B Although C Since D If
54.A road B term C journey D distance
55.A affect B judge C lead D study
56.A located B moved C exposed D mixed
57.A groups B sets C species D versions
58.A beauty B state C world D activity
59.A time B courage C trouble D energy
60.A tellers B improvers C creators D designers
61.A not B than C but D that
62.A at B in C about D without
63.A association B cooperation C difference D agreement
64.A probably B principally C occasionally D scarcely
65.A important B meaningless C illogical D friendly
本題分?jǐn)?shù)(15)
第6 部分：完形填空
51 B 本題考察單詞意思。選項(xiàng) A 為"診斷"；選項(xiàng) B 為"增加"；選項(xiàng) C 為 "檢查"； 選項(xiàng) D 為"對(duì)待、治療"。從題意來(lái)看，本句要表達(dá)的意思是研究者發(fā)現(xiàn)吸煙會(huì)加重青少年的抑郁癥狀。答案為 B。
52 C 四個(gè)選項(xiàng)的意思分別為: A為"金融的，財(cái)政的"；B 為"物質(zhì)的，材料的"；C 為"感情的，情感的"；D 為"政治的"。從句意來(lái)看，本句表達(dá)了"這是為數(shù)不多的質(zhì)疑青少年情感受益于吸煙的觀點(diǎn)的研究"。答案選擇 C。
53 B 全句的意思是"盡管香煙可能看起來(lái)能有自我治療的作用，或者可以改善情緒,但從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)那些從青少年就開(kāi)始吸煙的人的抑郁癥狀更明顯"。本題應(yīng)該選擇讓步狀語(yǔ)的連接詞 although。選項(xiàng) A 為"無(wú)論什么"；選項(xiàng) C 為"自從"；選項(xiàng) D 為"如果"。
54 B 參考上題句意解釋。in the long term 意為"從長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)來(lái)看"。其他選項(xiàng)與 long 搭配，意思不符合題意。答案為 D.
55 A 本句話的意思是"作為研究的一部分，662 名十幾歲的高中生完成了有關(guān)他們利用香煙來(lái)影響其情緒的 20 個(gè)問(wèn)卷調(diào)查"。選項(xiàng) A為"影響"；選項(xiàng) B 為"判斷"；選項(xiàng) C 為"引導(dǎo)"；選項(xiàng) D 為"學(xué)習(xí)、研究"。從句意判斷本題答案為 A。
56 A 本句要表達(dá)的意思是"一些英、法學(xué)生混合的中學(xué)被選為研究對(duì)象，其中包括城市和鄉(xiāng)村的學(xué)校，同時(shí)這些學(xué)校坐落在經(jīng)濟(jì)水平高、中、低不同的地區(qū)"，所以本題答案為A "坐落于"。選項(xiàng) B 為"移動(dòng)、遷移"；選項(xiàng) C 為"展示、暴露"；選項(xiàng) D 為"混合"。
57 A 本句話的意思是"參與者被分成了三個(gè)不同的組"。選項(xiàng) A 為"組、組群"；選項(xiàng) B 為"套"；選項(xiàng) C 為"種類"選項(xiàng) D 為"版本"。答案為 A。
58 B 從句意"不用香煙來(lái)進(jìn)行自我治療、改善情緒或者身體狀態(tài)的吸煙者"來(lái)看，本題答案應(yīng)為B "狀態(tài)"。選項(xiàng) A 為"美麗"；選項(xiàng) C 為"世界"；選項(xiàng) D 為"活動(dòng)"，都不符合文章本意。
59 C 本句是要表述"研究者通過(guò)對(duì)受試者失眠情況的調(diào)查檢測(cè)他們的抑郁狀況"。選項(xiàng) A為"時(shí)間"；選項(xiàng) B為"勇氣"；選項(xiàng) C 為"麻煩"；選項(xiàng) D 為"能量"。從句意判斷，本題答案為 C.
60 B 本句意為"那些使用香煙作為情緒改善者的吸煙者比那些從不吸煙的青少年要容易有抑郁癥狀"。選項(xiàng) A 為"告知者"；選項(xiàng) B為"改善者"；選項(xiàng) C 為"創(chuàng)造者"；選項(xiàng)D 為 "設(shè)計(jì)者"。答案為 B。
61 B 參考上題句意解釋。本句中有比較的成分，選項(xiàng) B 符合題意。
62 A 本句中 at the risk of 為一個(gè)詞組，意為 "有……風(fēng)險(xiǎn)"。答案為 A。其余各選項(xiàng)不符合詞組意思。
63 A 選項(xiàng) A 為"聯(lián)合"；選項(xiàng) B 為"合作"；選項(xiàng) C 為"不同"； 選項(xiàng) D 為"一致"。從句意來(lái)看，本句意為"既抑郁又吸煙的人主要是那些用香煙來(lái)使自己感覺(jué)好點(diǎn)的青少年"。只有 A 符合題意。
64 B 參考上題句意解釋。選項(xiàng) B "主要地"符合題意。選項(xiàng) A 為"很可能"；選項(xiàng) C 為 "偶然地"；選項(xiàng) D 為"幾乎不、剛剛"，都不符合題意。
65 A 從句意來(lái)看，本句要表達(dá)的意思是"強(qiáng)調(diào)那些青少年認(rèn)為自己的情緒因吸煙而好轉(zhuǎn)。
試題二
The vultures in question may look ugly and threatening, but the sudden sharp __1__ in three species of India’s vultures is producing alarm rather than celebration, and it presents the world with a new kind of environmental __2__ The dramatic decline in vulture numbers is causing widespread disruption to people living in the same areas as the __3__ . It is also causing serious public health problems __4__ the Indian sub-continent.
While their reputation and appearance may be unpleasant to many Indians，vultures have__5__played a very important role in keeping towns and villages all over India clean. It is__6__they feed on dead cows. In India, cows are sacred animals and are __7__ left in the open when they die in their thousands upon thousands every year.
The disappearance of the vultures has __8__ an explosion in the numbers of wild dogs feeding on the remains of these dead animals. There are fears that rabies may __9__ as a result. And this terrifying disease may ultimately affect humans in the region, since wild dogs are its main carriers. Rabies could also spread to other animal species, causing an even greater problem in the __10__.
The need for action is __11__, so an emergency project has been launched to __12__ a solution to this serious vulture problem. Scientists are trying to identify the disease causing the birds，deaths and, if possible, develop a cure.
Large-scale vulture __13__ were first noticed at the end of the 1980s in India. A population survey at that time showed that the three species of vultures had declined __14__ over 90 per cent. All three species are now listed as “critically endangered”. As most vultures lay only single eggs and __15__ about five years to reach maturity, reversing their population decline will be a long and difficult exercise.
練習(xí)：
1. A. decline B. rise C. teeth D. eyes
2. A. benefit B. debate C. problem D. solution.
3. A. plants B. birds C. humans D. cows
4. A. over B. with C. through D. across.
5. A. sometimes B. long C. suddenly D. hardly.
6. A. who B. when C. because D. where
7. A. traditionally B. occasionally C. possibly D. finally.
8. A. came from B. adjusted to C. resulted from D. led to.
9. A. drop B. increase C. disappear D. change.
10. A. future B. past C. villages D. mountains.
11. A. recent B. urgent C. frequent D. rare.
12. A. neglect B. use C. remove D. find
13. A. cures B. arrivals C. deaths D. journeys.
14. A. along B. on C. in D. by
15. A. take B. adopt C. consume D. waste
答案：
1. A 2. C 3. B 4. D 5. B 6. C 7. A 8. D 9. B.
10. A 11. B 12. D 13. C 14. D 15. A
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