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2022年職稱英語(yǔ)理工類b級(jí)考試真題
英語(yǔ)理工類b級(jí)考試真題，包含了許多大學(xué)英語(yǔ)理工類b級(jí)考試真題，非常實(shí)用，有利于學(xué)生考前的復(fù)習(xí)。這次小編給大家整理了2022年職稱英語(yǔ)理工類b級(jí)考試真題，供大家閱讀參考。
職稱英語(yǔ)理工類b級(jí)考試真題1
第1部分：詞匯選項(xiàng)(第1～15題，每題1分，共15分)
下面每個(gè)句子中均有1個(gè)詞或者短語(yǔ)劃有底橫線，請(qǐng)為每處劃線部分確定1個(gè)意義最為接近的選項(xiàng)。
1、Joe came to the window as the crowd chanted,”joe,joe,joe!”
A.jumped
B.repeated
C.maintained
D.approached
答案為:A
本題解析:A chant這個(gè)詞的意思是“唱”，尤其是“反復(fù)、單調(diào)地唱或吟誦”。本句中說(shuō)窗外的人群反復(fù)呼喊Joe的名字，所以這里可以用repeat替代chant
2、What puzzles me is why his books are so popular.
A.confuses
B.shocks
C.influences
D.concerns
答案為:C
本題解析:C puzzle作動(dòng)詞用的意思是“感到不解、迷惑”，句子的意思是：令我不解的是為什么他的書(shū)如此受歡迎。動(dòng)詞confuse恰好和puzzle同義，而且用法也相同
3.The storm caused severe damage.
A.physical
B.accidental
C.environmental
D.serious
答案為:A
本題解析:A severe有“嚴(yán)厲的、嚴(yán)重的”多種意義。 severe damage是嚴(yán)重破壞，故可用serious代替。又如：severe criticism嚴(yán)厲批評(píng)、severe situation嚴(yán)峻的形勢(shì)、severe winter嚴(yán)冬、severe loss嚴(yán)重?fù)p失、severe teacher嚴(yán)厲的老師
4.Our aim was to the health service, and we succeeded.
A.offer
B.modernize
C.provide
D.fund
案為:A
5.Her comments about men are utterly ridiculous.
A.slightly
B.partly
C.faintly
D.completely
答案為:C
本題解析:C utterly的意思是“完全”，和completely同義
6.A large crowd assembled outside the American embassy.
A.watched
B.gathered
C.shouted
D.walked
答案為:D
本題解析:D assemble是“集結(jié)”的意思，gather是具有這一詞義的最普通的一個(gè)詞
7.The contempt he felt for his fellow students was obvious.
A . need
B.hate
C.love
D.pity
答案為:C
本題解析:C 在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中和contempt(蔑視)意義最接近的是hate, pity的意思是“憐憫”。
8.All the flats in the building had the same layout.
A.color
B.arrangement
C.size
D.function
答案為:B
本題解析:B layout的意思是“布局、安排”，如：layout of the exhibition hall，layout of the shopping complex等。本句的意思是：大樓里所有的公寓布局都一樣。arrangement可以指時(shí)間、日程的安排，也可以指空間的分割和安排。function的意思是“功能”
9.The weather was crisp and clear and you could see the mountains fifty miles away.
A.hot
B.heavy
C.fresh
D.windy
答案為:A
本題解析:A crisp通常用于修飾食品.表示“脆的、新鮮而脆生的”，如：crisp crackers,crisp lettuce等。但它也可以用來(lái)描述天氣，表示“清新、涼爽的”，在本句中它表示的就是這個(gè)意思，所以可以用fresh來(lái)代替
10.He inspired many young people to take up the sport.
A.allowed
B.called
C.advised
D.encouraged
答案為:B本題解析:B lnspire sb. to do sth.是“鼓勵(lì)、激勵(lì)某人做某事”的意思，這里inspire和encourage的詞義和用法一樣，故可以用encourage來(lái)代替。
11.I think 7 for a drink is a bit steep,don’t you?
A.tight
B.high
C.low
D.cheap
答案為:D
本題解析:D steep這個(gè)詞最常用的意義是“陡峭的”，如：a steep slope陡峭的山坡，但在口語(yǔ)中它可以用來(lái)表示“(要求、價(jià)格)過(guò)高、難以接受”的意思
12.Most babies can take in a wide range of food easily.
A.bring
B.keep
C.serve
D.digest
答案為:D
本題解析:D take in這個(gè)短語(yǔ)可以有多種解釋，如“接納、接受、留宿、收縮、改小”等。在本句中它的意義很明顯是“吸收、消化”，故選digest
13.The city centre was wiped out by the bomb.
A.destoryed
B.covered
C.reduced
D.moved
答案為:C
本題解析：C wipe out是個(gè)短語(yǔ)，意思是“消滅、摧毀”，和動(dòng)詞destroy同義。又如：The whole town was wiped out by the landslide.滑坡摧毀了整個(gè)城鎮(zhèn)
14.The walls are made of hollow concrete blocks.
A.empty
B.big
C.long
D.new
答案為:D
本題解析:D hollow的意思是“空心的”，如：a hollow tree,a hollow pipe。這里可以用empty來(lái)替換。
15.Do we have to wear these name tags?
A.lists
B.labels
C.forms
D.codes
答案為:C
本題解析:C tag小標(biāo)簽，如：price tags價(jià)格標(biāo)牌、luggage tags行李標(biāo)簽。在四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中l(wèi)abel和它同義。form是“表格”，code是“碼”，如bar code條形碼
第2部分 閱讀判斷
Eastern Quakes Can Trigger Big Shakes
In the first week of November 2011,people in central Oklahoma experienced more than two dozen earthquakes. The largest, a magnitude(量)5.6 quake, shook thousands of fans in a college football stadium, caused cracks in a few buildings and scared many people who had never felt a quake before. Oklahoma is not an area of the country famous for its quakes. If you watch the news on TV, you see reports about all sorts of natural disasters. But the most dangerous type of natural disaster, and also the most unpredictable, is the earthquake.
Researchers at the US Geological Survey(USGS)estimate that several million earthquakes occur globally each year. That may sound scary, but people don't feel many of them because they happen in remote and unpopulated regions. Many quakes happen under the ocean, and others have a very small magnitude.
Scientists know about small, remote quakes only because of very sensitive electronic devices called seismometers(地震儀). These devices detect and measure the size of ground vibrations(震顫)produced by earthquakes. Altogether, USGS researchers use seismometers to identify and locate about 20000 earthquakes each year.
Although earthquakes can happen anywhere in the world, really big quakes occur only in certain areas. The largest ones register a magnitude 8 or higher and happen, on average, only once each year. Such big ones typically occur along the edges of Earth's tectonic plates(構(gòu)造板塊).
Thctonic plates are huge pieces of Earth's crust(外殼), sometimes many kilometers thick. Often, edges of these plates temporarily lock together. When plates push and scrape(擦)past each other earthquakes occur. On average, tectonic plates move very slowly--bout the same speed as your fingernails grow.
But sometimes earthquakes rumble(轟轟作響)through portions of the landscape far from a plate's edges. Although less expected, these "mid-plate" small earthquakes can be stantial damage. Some of the biggest known examples hit the eastern half of the United States two centuries ago. Today, scientists are still puzzling over why the quakes occurred and when similar ones might occur.
16. Oklahoma is an area often experiencing natural disasters.
A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned
17. The earthquake is the most unpredictable natural disaster.
A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned
18. Few earthquakes happen without people's awareness.
A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned
19. Seismometers can identify and locate most of the earthquakes in China.
A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned
20. Big earthquakes of a magnitude 8 or higher seldom happen far from the edges of tectonic plates.
A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned
21. Whenever tectonic plates move, earthquakes happen.
A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned
22. The earthquake that hit the eastern half of the United States two centuries ago is the biggest"mid-plate" one in history.
A. Right B.Wrong C. Not mentioned
16 A 根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句：If you watch the news on TV, you see reports about all sorts of natural disasters.(如果你經(jīng)�？措娨暤脑�，你會(huì)看到各種各樣的關(guān)于自然災(zāi)害的報(bào)道。)
17 A 根據(jù)第一段最后一句：But the most dangerous type of natural disaster, and also the most unpredictable, is the earthquake.
18 B 本題的意思是：幾乎所有的地震人們都有感知。根據(jù)第二段最后兩句，我們得出：很多地震是人們感覺(jué)不到的。
19 C 本文根本沒(méi)有提到中國(guó)。
20 A 根據(jù)第四段最后一句：8級(jí)或8級(jí)以上的大地震一般發(fā)生在地球構(gòu)造板塊的邊緣。
21 B 根據(jù)第五段第三句：只有當(dāng)?shù)厍虻陌鍓K互相摩擦?xí)r，地震才會(huì)發(fā)生。本句的意思是： 只要地球的板塊一挪動(dòng)，地震就會(huì)發(fā)生。
22 C 根據(jù)本文倒數(shù)第二句：Some of the biggest known example...(一些已知的在美國(guó)東半部發(fā)生的地震是最大的例子)，但沒(méi)有說(shuō)明是歷史上最大的地震。
第3部分 概括大意與完成句子
Learn about Noble Gases(惰性氣體)
1 Have you ever ridden on a balloon? Many tourist spots offer balloon rides in order for people to see the beauty of a place from above. A balloon contains a noble gas called hellum(氦). Formerly, balloons contained hydrogen but hydrogen is very flammable and dangerous when uncontrolled. Therefore, people shifted to helium, which is safer. Helium is safe because it has the properties of the noble gases.
2 People once belleved that noble gases couldn't chemically react at all. For this reason, they were called inert gases(惰性氣體). They were also listed under Group 0 in the old periodic table because scientists believed that the gases have zero valence(價(jià))electrons in their outer shell. This was later proven to be untrue when some noble gas compounds were discovered.
3 The gases are elements, which share similar properties. These properties include being monoatomic, colorless, odorless, being able to conduct electricity, and having low chemical reactivity. Noble gases include Helium, Neon, Argon, Krypton, Xenon and Radon. These are all found in Group 18, in the rightmost column of the periodic table. If you look at the periodic table, you will notice that these elements are the only ones, which do not have a charge. Helium has the lowest molecular(分子的)weight while Radon is the heaviest.
4 Remember that chemical reactions occur because atoms have valence electrons, which are electrons in their outer shell. When the outer shell is "unfilled" or the required number of electrons is not yet complete, the atom is more reactive. Noble gases have a full outer shell, meaning that they have complete electrons in their outer shell. This complete number varies. For instance, the outer shell of Helium has 2 valence electrons while the outer shell of Xenon has 8 electrons. Nowadays, there remains to be a few noble gases because of the low chemical reactivity of these said gases.
5 because of their properties, noble gases have many important applications. They are widely used in medicine and industries. For instance, liquid Helium is used for superconducting magnets(磁體). These magnets are very important in physics and medicine. When a doctor suspects that a person's brain has been damaged, he might request for Magnetic Resonance Imaging(MRI). MRI allows the doctor to "see" the brain, without operating on the patient.
23. paragraph 2
24. paragraph 3
25. paragraph 4
26. paragraph 5
A. How were noble gases discovered?
B. what is the periodic table?
C. what are the applications of noble gases?
D. How were noble gases understood in the past?
E.What causes the low chemical reactivity of noble gases?
F. What are noble gases?
27. Noble gases are not very chemically .
28. Among the elements of noble gases Helium is the .
29. The required number of electrons in noble gases'outer shell is .
30. MRI may make operating on the patient .
A. complete B. reactive C.unnecessary D. flammable E. important F. lightest
23 E 根據(jù)該段第一句話：People once believed that noble gases couldn’t chemically react at all.
24 A 本段開(kāi)頭介紹了noble gases的相同點(diǎn)，緊接著作者又列出了noble gases包括的氣體以及它們的特性。
25 C 該段第一句和最后一句中的chemical reaction和chemical reactivity點(diǎn)出了該選項(xiàng)。
26 F 該段開(kāi)頭...noble gases have many important applications是本段的主題句。
27 B 第二段第一句中的react可以用be reactive替換。
28 A 根據(jù)第三段最后一句：Helium has the lowest molecular(分子的)weight.
29 D 根據(jù)第四段第三句：...meaning that they have complete electrons in their outer shell.
30 F 根據(jù)本文最后一句：MRI allows the doctor to "see" the brain,without operating on the
第4部分 閱讀理解
第一篇
Gross National Happiness
In the last century, new technology improved the lives of many people in many countries. However, one country resisted these changes. High in the Himalayan mountains of Asia, the kingdom of Bhutan remained separate. Its people and Buddhist(佛教)culture had not been affected for almost a thousand years. Bhutan, however, was a poor country. People died at a young age. Most of its people could not read, and they did not know much about the outside world. Then, in 1972, a new ruler named King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to help Bhutan to become modern, but without losing its traditions.
King Wangchuck looked at other countries for ideas. He saw that most countries measured their progress by their Gross Natonal Product(GNP). The GNP measures products and money. When the number of products sold increases, people say the country is making progress. King Wangchuck had a different idea for Bhutan. He wanted to measure his country's progress by people's happiness. If the people's happiness increased, the king could say that Bhutan was making progress. To decide if people were happier, he created a measure called Gross National Happiness(GNH).
GNH is based on certain principles that create happiness. People are happier if they have health care, education, and jobs. They are happier when they live in a healthy, protected environment. They are happier when they can keep their traditional culture and customs. Finally, people are happier when they have a good, stable government.
Now these is some evidence of increased GNH in Bhutan. People are healthier and are living longer. More people are educated and employed. Teenty-five percent of the land has become national parks, and the country has almost no pollution. The Bhutanese continue to wear their traditional clothing and follow their ancient Buddhist customs. Bhutan has also become a democracy. In 2008, King Wangchuck gave his power to his son. Although the country still had a king, it held its first democratic elections that year. Bhutan had political parties and political candidates for the first time. Finally, Bhutan has connected to the rest of the world through television and internet.
Bhutan is a symbol for social progress. Many countries are now interested in Bhutan's GNH. These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness. They want to create new policies that take care of their people, cultures, and land.
Brazil may be the nest country to use the principles of GNH. Brazilian leaders see the principles of GNH as a source of inspiration. Brazil is a large country with a diverse population. If happiness works as a measure of progress in Brazil, perhaps the rest of the world will follow.
31. Who was Jigme Singye Wangchuck?
A. A king. B . A president. C. A Buddhist priest. D. A general.
32. Apart from modernizing Bhutan, what else did Wangchuck want to do for Bhutan?
A. To make its population grow.
B. To keep its traditions and customs.
C. To keep it separate from the world.
D. To encourage its people to get rich.
33. A country shows its progress with GNP by
A. spending more money.
B. spending less money.
C. providing more jobs.
D. selling more products.
34. According to GNH, people are happier if they
A. have new technology.
B. can change their religion.
C. have a good, stable government.
D. have more money.
35. Today many countries are
A. using the principles of GNH to measure their progress.
B. working together to develop a common scale to measure GNH.
C. taking both Bhutan and Brazil as symbols for social progress.
D. trying to find their own ways to measure happiness.
31 C 第一段里就提到一位名為King Jigyne Singye Wangchuck的新的統(tǒng)治者，很顯然Wangchuck是一位國(guó)王。
32 D 第一段的結(jié)尾處講到King Jigme Singye Wangchuck decided to heip Bhutan to become modern, but without losing its traditions，可見(jiàn)這位國(guó)王決定要讓不丹現(xiàn)代化，但又不失去自己的傳統(tǒng)。
33 C 在第二段里可以找到對(duì)GNP一個(gè)十分簡(jiǎn)單化的解釋：The GNP measures products and money. When the number of products sold increases, people say the country is making progress，也就是說(shuō)賣(mài)出的產(chǎn)品增加了，就說(shuō)明這個(gè)國(guó)家在進(jìn)步。
34 B 第三毀列舉了衡量GNH的多個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，其中包括人民享受醫(yī)療保險(xiǎn)、受教育、有工作、生態(tài)環(huán)境健康并受到保護(hù)等。最后提到的一個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)便是人民有個(gè)好的、穩(wěn)定的政府。
35 A 答案在第五段里下面這兩個(gè)句子中可以看到：Many countries are now interested in Bhutan's GNH. "These countries are investigating their own ways to measure happiness.
第二篇
Archive Gallery: The Best of Bionics(仿生學(xué))
Humans might be the most highly-evolved species on the planet, but most animals possess skills we can only dream of having. Imagine how much electricity we could save if we could see in the dark the way cats do. Imagine leaping from tree to tree like a monkey. Giraffes(長(zhǎng)頸鹿), which are otherwise calm and good-natured, sleep only 4.6 hours a day.
We realized a long, long time ago that nature provides the best blueprint(藍(lán)圖)for invention. We've borrowed canals from beavers(河貍)and reflectors from cat's eyes. Although the words "bionics" became popular only after the 1960s, history shows that nature has always provided ideas on solving everyday problems. Our archives(檔案)don't go back to the time of Leonardo da Vinci and his bird-like flying machines, but we can take you to the late 19th century, where we applied those same principles for building our first practical airplanes.
To prepare for their flight at Kitty Hawk, the Wright brothers studied the movements of pigeons to figure out how they stayed high up when they were heavier than air. Their success inspired scores of successors to improve on the airplane by studying various aspects of nature. One of Orville Wright's pupils caught and stuffed seagulls to examine their wingspan. Meanwhile, two French inventors examined spinning sycamore(梧桐) seeds in an effort to apply those same motions, reversed, to a helicopter.
Some examples are more obvious than others. The outside of the airplane designed by the Wright brothers looks like a minimalistic (簡(jiǎn)單抽象藝術(shù)) structure. On the other hand, Barney Connett's fish submarine (潛水艇) actually looks like a fish.
Some bio-inspired concepts have yet to be invented. In the 1960s, the US Army commissioned several university professors to conduct research on the motor skills animals in hope of applying those same abilities to tanks. Tanks that run like horses or jump like grasshoppers(螞蚱)-sounds shocking, doesn't it? But imagine how life would change if we could achieve that.
36. "cats","monkeys" and "giraffes" mentioned in paragraph 1 are examples to illustrate
A. they are highly-evolved species as humans.
B. humans can learn animals'skills.
C. they are skillful in different ways.
D. animals have skills that humans do not possess.
37. Which of the following can be found in the archive gallery?
A. History books.
B. The Wright brothers'sculpture.
C. First practical airplanes built in the late 19th century.
D. Leonardo da vinci's bird-like flying machines.
38. What happened after the Wright brothers'success?
A. People carried out a systematic study on pigeons.
B. People studied more animals and plants to develop the airplane.
C. People cound fly their airplane for fun.
D. People kept their airplane at a French gallery.
39. Which of the following in true about the research carried out by the US Army?
A. It has changed our life.
B. It has cost a large sum of money.
C. It has improved the abilities of tanks.
D. It has not succeeded yet.
40. What does the writer want to tell in the passage?
A. Many inventions get ideas from nature.
B. Some animals possess unique skills.
C. People should protect nature.
D. Bionics is far from perfect.
36 A 根據(jù)第一段第一句：...but most animals possess skills we can only dream of having.
37 D 根據(jù)第二段最后一句。A和B沒(méi)有提到。C的敘述恰好與原文相反。
38 C 根據(jù)第三段最后兩句：一個(gè)例子是對(duì)海鷗的研究，另一個(gè)例子是對(duì)梧桐樹(shù)種子的研究。
39 B 最后一段第一句yet to be invented和最后一句中if we could achieve that都說(shuō)明了該研究還沒(méi)有成功。A和D顯然不對(duì)，C則沒(méi)有提及。
40 B A只涉及第一段;C根本沒(méi)有提及;D只涉及最后一段。整篇文章都在論述人類從自然中所獲靈感，進(jìn)而產(chǎn)生了新發(fā)明
第三篇
"Life Form Found" on Saturn's Titan
Scientists say they have discovered hints of alien life on the Saturn's moon. The discovery of a sort of life was announced after researchers at the US space agency,NASA,analyzed data from spacecraft Cassini,which pointed to the existence of methane-based form of life on Saturn's biggest moon.
Scientists have reportedly discovered clues showing primitive alien beings are"breathing" in Titan's dense atmosphere filled with hydrogen.
They argue that hydrogen gets absorbed before hitting Titan's planet-like surface covered with methane lakes and rivers. This,they say,points to the existence of some"bugs" consuming the hydrogen at the surface of the moon less than half the size of the Earth.
"We suggested hydrogen consumption because it's the obvious gas for life to consume on Titan,similar to the way we consume oxygen on Earth,"says NASA scientist Chris McKay."If these signs do turn out to be a sign of life,it would be doubly exciting because it would represent a second form of life independent from water-based life on Earth."
To date,scientists have not yet detected this form of life anywhere,though there are liquid-water-based microorganisms on Earth that grow well on methane or produce it as a waste product. On Titan, where temperatures are around 90 Kelvin (minus 290 degrees Farenheit),a methanebased organism would have to use a substance that is liquid as its medium for living processes, but not water itself. Water is frozen solid on Titan's surface and much too cold to support life as we know it.
Scientists had expected the Sun's interactions with chemicals in the atmosphere to produce a coating of acetylene on Titan's surface. But Cassini detected no acetylene on the surface.
The absence of detectable acetylene on the Titan's surface can very well have a non-biological explanation,said Mark Allen,a principal investigator of the NASA Titan team.
"Scientific conservatism suggests that a biological explanation should be the last choice after all non-biological explanations are addressed,"Allen said. "We have a lot of work to do to rule out possible non-biological explanations. It is more likely that a chemical process,without biology,can explain these results."
41 .What do scientists claim to have found about Saturn?
A. Water-based life on it.
B. Methane-based life on its biggest moon.
C. A new moon moving around it.
D. Earthlike life on its biggest moon.
42. Which of the following statements about Titan is true?
A. It is as large as the Earth.
B. There is acetylene on its surface.
C. Water on it acts as a life supporting medium.
D. Hydrogen consumption is reported to be on it.
43. The expression "this form of life" in paragraph 5 refer to?
A. Water-based life.
B. oxygen-based life.
C. Methane-based life.
D. Liquid-based microorganisms.
44. It can be inferred from Mark Allen's address that
A. Scientists are trying to confirm these is life on Titan.
B. Scientists agree that a chemical process is a convincing explanation.
C. Scientists share the opinion that a biological explanation is reasonable.
D. Scientists are arguing over whether there is life on Titan.
45. Which of the following can replace the title of this passage?
A . A different Life Form, a Possibility.
B. Earthlike Living Beings Found on Titan.
C. Finding of One More Moon of Saturn's.
D. Titan, a New Satellite Discovered.
41 D 根據(jù)第一段最后一句：...data...which pointed to the existence of methane(甲烷) -based form of life on Saturn's biggest moon.
42 C 第二、三、四段說(shuō)明土星上的生命可能靠氫氣生存。A根本沒(méi)有提及，根據(jù)第六段最后一句可以看出B正好與事實(shí)相反;第五段最后兩句指出水不是支撐生命的媒介，所以D是錯(cuò)誤的。
43 C 根據(jù)上一段最后一句：...because it would represent a second form of life independent from water-based life on Earth.這表明A是不對(duì)的。根據(jù)全文來(lái)看，B和D也與本文不符。
44 B 本文最后一段中...after all non-biological explanations are addressed，...a lot of work to do...可以看出，C和D肯定與Mark Allen的話相悖，A沒(méi)有提到。
45 A 全文都在討論一種可能性。不能肯定外星人就像地球人，因此B不對(duì)。C和D也與原文不符。
第5部分 補(bǔ)全短文
Voice Your Opinion: Change Is Needed in Youth Sports
Everywhere you look, you see kids bouncing a basketball or waving a tennis racquet (網(wǎng)球拍). And these kids are getting younger and younger. In some countries, children can compete on basketball, baseball, and volleyball teams starting at age nine. (46) And swimming and gymnastics classes begin at age four, to prepare children for competition.
It's true that a few of these kids will develop into highly skilled athletes and may even become members of the national Olympic teams. (47) This emphasis on competition in sports is having serious negative effects.
Children who get involved in competitive sports at a young age often grow tired of their sport. Many parents pressure their kids to choose one sport and devote all their time to it. (48) But 66 percent of the young athletes wanted to play more than one sport-for fun.
Another problem is the pressure imposed by over-competitive parents and coaches. Children are not naturally competitive. In fact, a recent study by Paulo David found that most children don't even understand the idea of competition until they are seven years old. (49)
The third, and biggest, problem for young athletes is the lack of time to do their homework, have fun, be with friends-in short, time to be kids. When they are forced to spend every afternoon at sports practice, they often start to hate their chosen sport. A searchers found that 70 percent of kids who take part in competitive sports before the of twelve quit before they turn eighteen. (50) Excessive competitive away all the enjoyment.
Need to remember the purpose of youth sports - to give kids a chance to have developing strong, healthy bodies.
A.But what about the others, the average kids?
B.The youth soccer organization has teams for children as young as five.
C.A survey found that 79 percent of parents of young athletes wanted their children concentrate on one sport.
D.Very young kids don't know why their parents are pushing them so hard.
E.Sports for children have two important purposes.
F.Many of them completely lose interest in sports.
46 D 注意這個(gè)空格前后的句子都是和小孩參加體育競(jìng)賽的低齡化有關(guān)的，所以這個(gè)空格里的句子很有可能還是講孩子過(guò)小就參與到體育競(jìng)賽里去。果然，在六個(gè)選項(xiàng)中的D就是講青年足球組織居然有由5歲大的孩子組成的球隊(duì)。
47 F 前面一句話講的是這些孩子中可能有部分人會(huì)發(fā)展成為優(yōu)秀的運(yùn)動(dòng)員，甚至成為國(guó)家?jiàn)W運(yùn)隊(duì)的'成員，后面一句話在語(yǔ)義上很有可能出現(xiàn)轉(zhuǎn)折，即大部分人卻未必如此。選項(xiàng)F句子開(kāi)頭的but恰恰表明了這一期待中的轉(zhuǎn)折。
48 A 空格后面的以but開(kāi)頭的句子提供了很好的啟示。那句話說(shuō)的是66%的小運(yùn)動(dòng)員希望參與多種運(yùn)動(dòng)項(xiàng)目，所以前面的那句話極有可能說(shuō)的是和這一句相反的內(nèi)容，果然，這些孩子父母的想法和他們不同，他們希望自己的孩子專攻一項(xiàng)運(yùn)動(dòng)。
49 C 前面講的是小孩天生并沒(méi)有競(jìng)爭(zhēng)性，7羅以前他們都不懂什么是競(jìng)爭(zhēng)，所以太小的孩子不會(huì)理解自己的爸爸媽媽為什么要對(duì)他們施加那么大的壓力。
50 B 這一段的中心是過(guò)早參與到競(jìng)技運(yùn)動(dòng)中去會(huì)使孩子失去興趣，空格前面的一句說(shuō)的是在1 2歲前就參與競(jìng)技的孩子中有70%在18歲前放棄，接著說(shuō)“他們中許多人對(duì)運(yùn)動(dòng)完全失去了興趣( Many of them completely lose interest in sports)”就十分自然、合理。
第6部分 完形填空
Climate Change Poses Major Risks for Unprepared Cities
A new examination of urban policies has been carried out recently by Patricia Romero Lankao.She is a sociologist specializing in climate change and 51 development.She warns that many of the world's fast-growing urban areas，especially in developing countries.will likely suffer from the 52 of changing climate.Her work also concludes that most cities are failing to 53 emissions of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases.These gases are known to affect the atmosphere.
"Climate change is a deeply local issue and poses profound 54 to the growing cities of the world," says Romero Lankao. "But too few cities are developing effective strategies to protect their residents."
Cities are 55 sources of greenhouse gases.And urban populations are likely to be among those most severely affected by future climate change. Lankao's findings highlight ways in which city-residents are particularly vulnerable, and suggest policy interventions that could offer immediate and longer-term 56 .
The locations and dense construction patterns of cities often place their populations at greater 57 for natural disasters. Potential threats associated with climate include storm surges and prolonged hot weather. Storm surges can flood coastal areas and prolonged hot weather can heat 58 paved cities more than surrounding areas.The impacts of such natural events can be more 59 in an urban environment.For example，a prolonged heat wave can increase existing levels of air pollution，causing widespread health problems.Poorer neighborhoods that may 60 basic facilities such as drinking water or a dependable network of roads，are especially vulnerable to natural disasters.Many residents in poorer countries live in substandard housing 61 access to reliable drinking water，roads and basic services.
Local governments, therefore ,should take measures to 62 their residents."Unfortunately，they tend to move towards rhetoric 63 meaningful responses, Romero Lankao writes, " They don't impose construction standards that could reduce heating and air conditioning 64 . They don't emphasize mass transit and reduce automobile use. In fact, many local governments are taking a hands-off approach." 65 , she urges them to change their idle policies and to take strong steps to prevent the harmful effects of climate change on cities.
51.A urban B industrial C economic D rural
52.A occasions B impacts C routines D connections
53.A reduce B increase C study D measure
54.A threats B interests C implications D differences
55.A major B repeatable C doubeful D useful
56.A signs B benefits C chances D planes
57.A cost B mornent C risk D speed
58.A locally B heavily C suddenly D mildly
59.A standard B meaningful C serious D friendly
60.A provide B lack C D improve
61.A with B without C in D on
62.A identify B educate C protect D evaluate
63.A less than B rather than C more than D better than
64.A needs B wastes C areas D resources
65.A Still B However C Moreover D Thus
解析
51、A 本句中的climate change和industrial development有關(guān)。
52、D 本句中應(yīng)是changing climate帶來(lái)的影響(impact)。
53、A 根據(jù)上下文，應(yīng)是“減少二氧化碳的排放”。
54、B pose a threat to…是固定搭配，意為：給……帶來(lái)威脅。
55、D 根據(jù)句意，所有選項(xiàng)中只有major和sources搭配合適。
56、A 根據(jù)上下文，政策干預(yù)會(huì)帶來(lái)短期的和長(zhǎng)期的效益( benefit)。
57、C place(put)...at risk是固定搭配，意為：把……置于風(fēng)險(xiǎn)之中
58、D heavily paved cities意思是被鋼筋、水泥覆蓋的城市。
59、B 根據(jù)上下文，impact應(yīng)和serious措配。
60、A 根據(jù)本句開(kāi)頭poorer neighborhoods可以斷定lack是唯一的選擇。
61、B without access to reliable drinking water的意思是不能獲得可靠的飲用水。
62、C 根據(jù)上下文，政府要保護(hù)居民。
63、D 用unfortunately表示轉(zhuǎn)折，rhetoric和meaningful response并列，所以可以判斷other than(而不是)為正確答案。
64、A 根據(jù)上下文，air conditioning只能和needs搭配。
65、C 上下句是因果關(guān)系，Thus(因此)是正確的。
職稱英語(yǔ)理工類b級(jí)考試真題2
1、He ______ in the army for ten years, and he retired last year.
A) has served
B) had served
C) served
D) had been serving
2、I don t think this room will be big enough to ______ all the guests.
A) contain
B) hold
C) keep
D) swallow
3、An iron and steel works, with several satellite factories, ______ in that city now.
A) is built
B) is being built
C) were built
D) are being built
4、Hospital doctors don t go out very often as the work takes ______ their time.
A) away
B) over
C) in
D) up
5、The teacher doesnt permit ______ in class.
A) smoke
B) smokes
C) to have a smoke
D) smoking
二、填空題：
6、What a (self) ______ girl you are; let the other children share your toys.
7、A few simple (modify) ______ to this work would greatly improve it.
8、I ve been reading a mystery story. Many (mystery) ______ events took place in it.
9、He looks rather (elder) ______ with grey hair.
10、By the end of 2010, she (be) ______ in Beijing for 4 years.
三、閱讀題：
Thus far, there is little evidence to suggest that technology will reduce inequality; indeed it may only intensify inequality. Technology is costly and it is generally impossible to introduce advances to everyone at the same time. So who gets this access first? As we travel further and further along the electronic frontier through advances such as telecommuting (在家辦公) and the Intemet, the poor may be isolated from mainstream society in an "information ghetto (貧民窟) ".
Drawing on a survey, the Census Bureau (國(guó)家調(diào)查局) estimated that only 6.8 percent of households earning less than $ 10,000 had home computers, compared to 61.7 percent of those with incomes of $ 75,000 or more. This issue goes beyond individual interest or lack of interest in computers.
The technological advances of the present and future may not be equally beneficial to men and women. Many studies have shown that computer games, which serve as an important means of early socialization to computers, typically involve sports or skills associated with the traditional male role. As a result computers camps have become mainly male settings.
Like money, food, and other resources, technology is unevenly distributed within societies and throughout the world. The technology gap is widening rather than narrowing. Although nations are exchanging technical data more freely than before, critical technology transfer is often kept back. The technology exported to developing countries may be poorly suited to the conditions of their economies and workplaces.
11、According to the writer, "information ghetto" is caused by ______.
A.the strict control of information
B.the rapid technological advances
C.the complete isolation of the poor
D.the existence of mainstream society
12、The data the Census Bureau collected indicates that ______.
A.technology has widened the gap between the rich and the poor
B.individual interest in computers might be a significant reason
C.the survey has covered more than enough investigation samples
D.the estimation by the Census Bureau is subject to correction
13、According to the writer, one supposed function of computer games is ______.
A.to divide social roles between boys and girls
B.to build up settings for sports or other male skills
C.to make the public get familiar with the computer
D.to intensify the inequality between men and women
14、It seems that critical technology is often ______.
A.unavailable to the importing countries
B.unavailable to the exporting countries
C.not suitable to the developing countries
D.keeping back the exporting countries economy
15、The writer s attitude towards the development of technology is ______.
A.negative
B.indifferent
C.exciting and praising
D.concerned and critical
職稱英語(yǔ)理工類b級(jí)考試真題3
閱讀下面的.短文，每一篇文章中有 5處填空，文章后面有 6組文字，請(qǐng)根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容選擇 5組文字，將其分別放回文章原有的位置，以恢復(fù)文章的原貌。
Ice Cream Taster Has Sweet Job
John Harrison has what must be the most wanted job in the United States. He’s the official taster for Edy’s Grand Ice Cream, one of the nation’s best-selling brands. Harrison’s taste buds are insured for $1 million. ___1___ And when he isn’t doing that, he travels, buying Edy’s in supermarkets all over the country so that he can check for perfect appearance, texture, and flavor.
After I interviewed Harrison, I realized that the life of an ice cream taster isn’t all Cookies ’n Cream — a flavor thathe invented, by the way. No, it’s extremely hard work, which requires discipline and selflessness.
For one thing, he doesn’t swallow on the job. Like a coffee taster, Harrison spits. Using a gold spoon to avoid “off” flavors, he takes a small bite and moves it around in his mouth to introduce it to all 9,000 or so taste buds. ___2___ Then he breathes in gently to bring the aroma up through the back of his nose. Each step helps Harrison evaluate whether the ice cream has a good balance of dairy, sweetness, and added ingredients 一 the three-flavor components of ice cream. Then, even if the ice cream tastes heavenly, he puts it into a trash can. A full stomach makes it, impossible to judge the quality of the flavors.
During the workweek, Harrison told me that he has to make other sacrifices, too: no onions, garlic, or spicy food, and no caffeine. Caffeine will block the taste buds, he says, so his breakfast is a cup of herbal tea. ___3___
Harrison’s family has been in the ice cream business in one way or another1 for four generations, so Harrison has spent his entire life with it2. However, he has never lost his love for its cold, creamy sweetness. ___4___ On these occasions3, he does swallow, and he eats about a quart (0.95 liters) each week. By comparison4, the average person in the United States eats 23.2 quarts (21. 96 liters) of ice cream and other frozen dairy products each year.
Edy’s ice cream is available in dozens of flavors. So what flavor does the best-trained ice-cream taster in the country prefer? Vanilla! In fact, vanilla is the best-selling variety in the United States. ___5___ “It’s a very complex flavor,” Harrison says.
練習(xí)：
A However, you should never call it plain vanilla.
B He even orders ice cream in restaurants for dessert.
C Next he smack-smack-smacks his lips to get some air into the sample.
D This is a small price to pay for what he calls the world’s best job.
E In his younger days, he would help out at the ice cream factory his uncle owned.
F He gets to sample 60 ice creams a day at Edy’s headquarters in Oakland, California.
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