12月份英語(yǔ)六級(jí)真題試卷及答案
Part I Writing
My View on Invention
�、� Drawing a comparison between modern life and ancient life, we cannot imagine what life will be like now without invention. ②Invention must be attached great importance to, as it is invention that contributes to the advancement of our society. ③There are several examples which can be cited to illustrate this concept. ④I can think of no better illustration than the following one. ⑤If Edison hadn't invented the light bulb, we would have lived a life as the blind in the night.
�、轌iven that invention plays such an essential role in our life, what can we do to cultivate this precious spirit? ⑦ For one thing, it is advisable for the social media and publicity department to vigorously inform the public of the importance of invention. ⑧ For another, the relevant authorities should set up favorable regulations to encourage invention. ⑨ For example, they can set up the practice of giving premiums or issuing patent certificate to inventors.
�、釬inally, I want to use the following saying as our mutual encouragement, "Invention is the spirit of human being's progress. "⑪ At no time should we underestimate the power of invention. ⑫ Therefore, when an idea comes to your mind, just make your own invention.
Part II Listening Comprehension
Conversation One
Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
1. C.
2. B.
3. A.
4. C.
Conversation Two
W: I have many business English students. When I teach in the classroom, (5) we often end up talking about things like success and what leads to success, and it's interesting that many of them mention the element of luck.
M: Right.
W: Luck is important to success, but since you've seen that fantastic video on the TED Talks website by Richard St. John...he doesn't mention luck at all.
M: Well, I'm a firm believer that people can make their own luck. I mean, what people regard as luck you can actually create to a degree.
W: Sure. (6-1) I think a lot of what people consider luck is attributed to how you respond to the opportunities that come your way.
M: Yes. Very good point.
W: (6-2) Seizing the opportunities. But was there any point in the video that you thought was particularly interesting?
M: Yes, actually there was. Something very impressive to me is many people think that luck is important and that natural talent is something you must have in order to be successful (7) And in the video we saw, the point about getting good at something is not about having some natural talent. It's all about practice, practice, practice.
W: Definitely yeah. Natural talent helps in some way. But at the end of the day, you really do need to work hard and get really, really good at what you do.
M: Sure.
W: I thought one interesting thing in the video was the idea of passion being so important. And there're people who really love what they do--of course, you're going to want to work harder and put the time and effort into it. (8) And the funny thing is that if you love what you do and are really passionate about it and work really hard, then money kind of comes automatically.
Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.
5. B
6. D
7. D
8. C
Passage One
Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.。
9. A
10.What caused the volcanos outer layers to wear away?
B。短文在描繪魔鬼塔的形成過(guò)程時(shí)提到，地心熔巖沖出地面形成了火山頸，火山巖冷卻硬化后，收縮碎裂變成了長(zhǎng)形的柱子，即魔鬼塔。后來(lái)，火山的外層不斷被風(fēng)和水侵蝕，露出了堅(jiān)硬的核心部分。由此可知，火山外層是被風(fēng)和水侵蝕掉的，故答案為B。
11.What does all Indian legend say about Devils Tower?
D。短文中提到，關(guān)于魔鬼塔的形成，印第安人流傳著一個(gè)傳說(shuō)，傳說(shuō)魔鬼塔是由超自然的力量形成的。因此答案為D。
12. C
Passage Two
聽(tīng)力全文翻譯
Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.
13. A
14. A
15. What does the speaker want to show by the example of the Chicago woman?
D。短文末尾提到，一位芝加哥婦女發(fā)現(xiàn)每天與同事外出吃午飯，一年就花費(fèi)2，000美元，她決定自己帶飯，每周省下20美元存起來(lái)用于度假，另外20美元用于退休養(yǎng)老，她說(shuō)這樣比吃飯更有意義。這個(gè)例子說(shuō)明，小筆的日常積蓄可以改變一個(gè)人的生活，即，小筆的日常積蓄對(duì)于一個(gè)人的生活意義重大，故答案為D。
Recording One
聽(tīng)力全文翻譯
Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.
16. B
17. B
18. A
Recording Two
In the past few months, I've been traveling for weeks at a time with only one suitcase of clothes. One day, I was invited to an important event, and I wanted to wear something special for it. I looked through my suitcase but couldn't find anything to wear. (19) I was lucky to be at the technology conference then, and I had access to 3D printers. So I quickly designed a skirt on my computer, and I loaded the file on the printer. It just printed the pieces overnight. The next morning, I just took all the pieces, assembled them together in my hotel room, and this is actually the skirt that I'm wearing right now.
So it wasn't the first time that I printed clothes. (20) For my senior collection at fashion design school, I decided to try and 3D print an entire fashion collection from my home. The problem was that I barely knew anything about 3D printing, and I had only nine months to figure out how to print five fashionable looks.
I always felt most creative when I worked from home. I loved experimenting with new materials, and I always tried to develop new techniques to make the most unique textiles for my fashion projects.
One summer break, I came here to New York for an internship at a fashion house in Chinatown. We worked on two incredible dresses that were 3D printed. They were amazing--like you can see here. But I had a few problems with them. (21) They were made from hard plastics and that's why they were very breakable. The models couldn't sit in them, and they even got scratched from the plastics under their arms.
So now, the main challenge was to find the right material for printing clothes with, I mean the material you feed the printer with. (22) The breakthrough came when I was introduced to Fila flex, which is a new kind of printing material. It's strong, yet very flexible. And with it, I was able to print the first garment, a red jacket that had the word "freedom" embedded into it. And actually, you can easily download this jacket, and change the word to something else, for example, your name or your sweetheart's name.
So I think in the future, materials will evolve, and they will look and feel like fabrics we know today, like cotton or silk.
Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.
19. B
20. C。
21 .C
22. D
Recording Three
聽(tīng)力全文翻譯
Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.
預(yù)覽三道題各選項(xiàng)，由arise，examined，solve，entrepreneurs，companies等詞可以推測(cè)，講座與企業(yè)發(fā)展有關(guān)，內(nèi)容可能涉及企業(yè)發(fā)展所面臨的問(wèn)題及解決方法等。
23. A
24. D
25 .What is a practical solution to the problems of small-and medium-sized businesses?
D。講座末尾提到，如果中小企業(yè)有相似的需求，而彼此之間沒(méi)有直接的競(jìng)爭(zhēng)關(guān)系，那么分擔(dān)升級(jí)成本是解決資金困難的一個(gè)非常實(shí)用的方法。因此答案為D。
Part Ⅲ Reading Comprehension
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名詞：A. arena舞臺(tái)，競(jìng)技場(chǎng);E .digits數(shù)字;G. hypotheses假設(shè);L. inertia慣性，惰性;O. warrant授權(quán)，授權(quán)令
動(dòng)詞：D. devoted獻(xiàn)身于，把……專用于;F. hasten加速;H. impairing損害;I. incorporate合并，使并入;K. indulge放縱，使沉溺于;M. pride以……為豪;N. reaping收獲
形容詞：B. contextual上下文的，情境的，前后關(guān)聯(lián)的; C. convincing有說(shuō)服力的，使人信服的;J. indefinite不確定的
26 .G. hypotheses
27 .B. contextual
28.A.arena�？崭裎挥谛稳菰~之后，據(jù)此判斷可填入名詞，并與public連用構(gòu)成固定搭配。故推測(cè)句意為“我們的國(guó)家需要更多科學(xué)家登上公共舞臺(tái)”。因此填入A. arena“舞臺(tái)，競(jìng)技場(chǎng)”。在備選項(xiàng)中，digits意為“數(shù)字”，inertia意為“慣性，惰性”，warrant意為“授權(quán)，授權(quán)令”，均不符合文意，且不能與public搭配，故排除。
29.C.convincing。空格位于以that引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句中，此定語(yǔ)從句使用了主系表結(jié)構(gòu)，據(jù)此判斷應(yīng)填入形容詞，且此形容詞可以用來(lái)修飾language“語(yǔ)言”。根據(jù)句意“他們能夠用令人信服并且讓人們聽(tīng)得懂的語(yǔ)言，對(duì)公眾解釋自己的所作所為”可知，答案為C. convincing“有說(shuō)服力的，使人信服的”。在備選項(xiàng)中，indefinite意為“不確定的”，與文意相反，故排除。
30. I .incorporate
31. D. devoted
32.N.reaping�？崭裎挥诰渥拥闹黧w結(jié)構(gòu)之外，描述主句動(dòng)詞所引發(fā)的結(jié)果，屬于結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)成分，據(jù)此判斷可填人現(xiàn)在分詞。根據(jù)句意“美國(guó)將大約17%的可支配收入專門用于科學(xué)研究，\u001f\u001f________\u001f\u001f\u001f\u001f\u001f\u001f\u001f了數(shù)十年的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長(zhǎng)”可知，答案為N. reaping“收獲”。在備選項(xiàng)中，impairing意為“損害”，不符合文意，故排除。
33. E. digits
34.M.pride�？崭裎挥诰渥拥闹^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞處，且此動(dòng)詞應(yīng)能夠與on構(gòu)成固定搭配，備選項(xiàng)中只有M. pride“以……為豪”，符合語(yǔ)法要求。所在旬意為“我們不僅為我們的科研質(zhì)量自豪，也為我們的科研為改進(jìn)世界所做出的貢獻(xiàn)自豪”。在備選項(xiàng)中，hasten意為“加速”，indulge意為“放縱，使沉溺于”，均與文意不符，故排除。
35 .F. hasten
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36. [D]
37. [K]
38. The market demand for electronic devices is now either declining or not growing as fast as before.
市場(chǎng)對(duì)于電子設(shè)備的需求現(xiàn)在不是在下降就是沒(méi)有之前增長(zhǎng)的那么快了。
由題干關(guān)鍵詞market定位到原文畫線處。
[B]段第二、三句提到，近年來(lái)，智能手機(jī)、電視、平板電腦、筆}己本、臺(tái)式機(jī)占據(jù)了市場(chǎng)的大部分份額并引領(lǐng)著創(chuàng)新。但是現(xiàn)在這些產(chǎn)品的增長(zhǎng)曲線已經(jīng)減緩——或者在某些情況下市場(chǎng)份額已經(jīng)縮水——因?yàn)橄M(fèi)者沒(méi)有那么想要花錢買一些新的玩意兒了。題干中的electronic devices指原文中酶smartphones，televisions，tablets，laptops and desktops; declining和not growing對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的slower growth curves和shrinking markets，故答案為[B]。
39. [L]
40. [F]
41. Fewer innovative products were found at this year's electronic products show.
今年的電子產(chǎn)品展上創(chuàng)新產(chǎn)品變少了。
由題干關(guān)鍵詞this year's electronic products show定位到原文畫線處。
[A]段提到，很多今年最炫酷的小玩意兒和去年的甚至前年的都一樣，題干中的innovative products對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的 coolest gadgets，故答案為[A]。
42. Consumers are becoming more worried about giving personal information to tech companies to get customized products and services.
消費(fèi)者越來(lái)越擔(dān)心為獲得個(gè)性化產(chǎn)品和服務(wù)而將個(gè)人信息交給科技公司的這種做法了。
由題干關(guān)鍵詞Consumers，customized和services定位到原文畫線處。
[H]段提到，對(duì)于科技公司為我們描繪的超連接超智能世界，它們需要大量的消費(fèi)者數(shù)據(jù)以提高服務(wù)水平，為消費(fèi)者提供個(gè)性化的解決方法，但消費(fèi)者似乎對(duì)這種方式感到越來(lái)越不安。題于中的becoming more worried about對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的growing more uneasy about; personal information對(duì)應(yīng)原文中的consumer data，故答案為[H]。
43. [E]
44. [I]
45. [C]
Passage One
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46 .A.
47.C.。由題干中的“free—riders”定位到文章第三段第一句：Developed nations such as Australia，the United States...causing the majority of the problems through high greenhouse gas emissions，while incurring few of the costs such as climate changes impact on food and water.
事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。定位句指出，少數(shù)發(fā)達(dá)國(guó)家在碳排放方面責(zé)任最大，但是因氣候變化而付出的代價(jià)卻較小，作者在隨后一句中解釋說(shuō)，他們因消費(fèi)礦物燃料而受益，卻對(duì)氣候變化帶來(lái)的問(wèn)題沒(méi)有負(fù)相應(yīng)的.責(zé)任，這與搭便車者相似，受益而不付出什么代價(jià)�？梢�(jiàn)，作者的意思是指他們幾乎不需要為他們所引發(fā)的問(wèn)題負(fù)責(zé)，故答案為C.。
A. “他們不需要為自己所消耗的食物和水擔(dān)憂”，根據(jù)定位句，食物和水只是氣候變化可能引發(fā)的部分問(wèn)題，作者是用于舉例，不可以偏概全，故排除;B.“他們能夠更好地應(yīng)對(duì)全球氣候變化，作者在定位句及隨后的句子中明確指出，他們是不為自己引發(fā)的問(wèn)題負(fù)責(zé)，而沒(méi)有提到應(yīng)對(duì)能力的問(wèn)題，可以排除;D“他們不受影響‘被迫上車的乘客’的溫室效應(yīng)的干擾”，“被迫上車的乘客”只是一個(gè)比喻，該項(xiàng)將溫室效應(yīng)和“被迫上車的乘客”聯(lián)系在一起，是對(duì)文章的曲解，可以排除。
48. C.
49. B.
50. D.
Passage Two
(51)面臨抑郁、焦慮和自殺風(fēng)險(xiǎn)的青少年，常常把自己的問(wèn)題表現(xiàn)得如同霓虹燈標(biāo)識(shí)一般明目昭彰。他們的一些危險(xiǎn)行為——過(guò)量飲酒、使用違禁藥品、抽煙以及逃學(xué)——能夠警示家長(zhǎng)和老師嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題即將發(fā)生。
但是一項(xiàng)新的研究顯示，另一個(gè)青少年群體幾乎面臨著同樣嚴(yán)重的精神病征風(fēng)險(xiǎn)：那些大量使用多媒體，睡眠不足和不愛(ài)活動(dòng)的孩子。
當(dāng)然，這聽(tīng)上去像是在說(shuō)這個(gè)星球上的每一個(gè)青少年。但研究警示，在上述三個(gè)方面均有極端表現(xiàn)的孩子才是真正的高危人群。(53)由于他們的行為通常并不被視為危險(xiǎn)信號(hào)，這些年輕人被研究者標(biāo)記為“隱形風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”人群。
“從某種意義上講，他們更易深陷困境，”研究人員弗拉基米爾·卡利說(shuō)，“大多數(shù)家長(zhǎng)、老師和醫(yī)生會(huì)對(duì)青少年濫用藥品或酗酒有所反應(yīng)，而卻很容易忽視這些深陷此類難以察覺(jué)的行為的青少年。”
研究者們調(diào)查了12395名學(xué)生，分析了九種風(fēng)險(xiǎn)行為，包括酗酒、使用違禁藥品、吸煙成癮、過(guò)量使用多媒體和逃學(xué)。其目的在于確定青少年中存在的這些高危行為和精神健康問(wèn)題之間的相互關(guān)系。
大約58%的學(xué)生沒(méi)有表現(xiàn)出或極少表現(xiàn)出這些高危行為。大約l3%的學(xué)生在全部九種高危行為上計(jì)分尤其高。而29%為“隱形風(fēng)險(xiǎn)”群體，在三類行為上計(jì)分尤其高：他們每天花在電子設(shè)備上的時(shí)間在五個(gè)小時(shí)以上;他們晚間的睡眠只有或少于六個(gè)小時(shí);他們忽視“其他健康活動(dòng)”。
在全部九種高危行為上都有高計(jì)分的群體最易表現(xiàn)出抑郁癥癥狀;整體來(lái)看，這個(gè)群體中有15%報(bào)告有抑郁傾向，而低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)群體只有4%報(bào)告存在這類問(wèn)題。(54)但隱形風(fēng)險(xiǎn)人群也與高危人群相差無(wú)幾，他們中有13%表現(xiàn)出抑郁癥狀。
研究結(jié)果令卡利始料未及。“我們十分震驚，”他說(shuō)，“高危人群和低危群體是顯而易見(jiàn)的，(52)但是這個(gè)第三類群體不僅是出乎意料的，而且十分明顯，數(shù)量龐大——占我們樣本數(shù)量的三分之一——成為這個(gè)研究的關(guān)鍵性發(fā)現(xiàn)。”
(55)卡利說(shuō)，他的研究最為關(guān)鍵的一點(diǎn)在于為家長(zhǎng)、教師和精神保健服務(wù)人員提供新的早期警示信號(hào)。盡早發(fā)現(xiàn)，并對(duì)精神健康問(wèn)題提供支持和治療，他說(shuō)，這對(duì)于防止他們變成完全意義上的失常者是最佳的方法。
51 .C.
52. D.
53. B.
54. A.
55. B.
Part IV Translation
With the improvement of living standards, holiday is occupying a more and more prominent position in Chinese people's life. In the past, making a living takes most of people's time, which gives them rare chance to go off on a trip. However, tourism has undergone a rapid growth in China for the past several years. The prosperity of economy and the emergence of the affluent middle class trigger an unprecedented tourism boom.
Not only does domestic traveling become common, but traveling abroad is also enjoying an increasing popularity among Chinese people. During the National Day holidays in 2016, tourism consumption amounts to more than 400 billion yuan. According to the statistical data by the World Trade Organization, China will have become the world's largest tourism country by 2020, and she will also see the fastest growth in overseas traveling expenditure in the next few years.
1.翻譯第一句時(shí)，“隨著生活水平的提高”可像參考澤文那樣譯為With伴隨結(jié)構(gòu)，也可譯為as引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，即As living standards improve，其中“提高”還可譯為go up，upgrade，rise，enhance等。“在……中的作用越來(lái)越重要”可以直譯為Nay an increasingly important role in…，也可像參考譯文那樣，意譯為“占據(jù)越來(lái)越重要的地位”。
2.翻譯第二句時(shí)，可以把中國(guó)人作為主語(yǔ)，即Chinese people spend most of their time in…，and they seldom have chance to…，也可像參考澤文那樣，將“謀生”作為主語(yǔ)，即“謀生花費(fèi)了人們大量的時(shí)間，使得他們很少有機(jī)會(huì)外出旅行”。其中，“謀生”還可譯為earn a living，seek a livelihood等。
3.翻譯第三句時(shí)，“中國(guó)旅游業(yè)發(fā)展迅速”除了像參考譯文那樣意譯為“經(jīng)歷了快速發(fā)展”以外，還可直澤為Chinas tourism industry has developed rapidly in recent years。
4.翻譯第四句時(shí)，關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)是“引發(fā)”的譯法，除了譯為trigger以外，還可譯為bring about，give rise to等。“前所未有的”最常見(jiàn)的譯法是unprecedented。
5.翻譯第五句時(shí)，關(guān)鍵是表示“不僅……也……”的not only…but also…的使用，not only位于句首時(shí)，前半句使用倒裝語(yǔ)序，后半句使用陳述語(yǔ)序。除了參考譯文的澤法外，本句簡(jiǎn)單的譯法是把“中國(guó)人”作為主語(yǔ)，即Not only do Chinese people travel domestically，but they travel abroad more and more often as well.“受歡迎”既可譯為popular，還可譯為enjoy a popularity。
6.翻譯第六句時(shí)，關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)是“總計(jì)”的翻譯，除可譯為amotmt to以外，還可澤為add up to等。
7.翻譯第七旬時(shí)，主要是時(shí)態(tài)的使用，“2020年中國(guó)將成為世界上最大的旅游國(guó)”應(yīng)該使用將來(lái)完成時(shí)，“在未來(lái)幾年里將成為出境旅游支出增長(zhǎng)最快的國(guó)家”應(yīng)使用一般將來(lái)時(shí)。其中，“將成為出境旅游支出增長(zhǎng)最快的國(guó)家”可直譯為will become a country with the fastest—growing overseas travel expense，還可像參考譯文那樣意譯為“見(jiàn)證旅游支出的最快增長(zhǎng)”
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