有關(guān)考研英語長難句解析

　　考研英語長難句拆分信號：

　　1、標點符號：比如，2個逗號形成插入語，破折號表示解釋說明，分號相當(dāng)于“and”表示并列;

　　2、連詞：并列句的并列連詞and、or、but、yet、for等，從句的從屬連詞which、that、when、how、if等;

　　3、介詞：介詞引導(dǎo)介詞短語，介詞短語在句子中可充當(dāng)定語、狀語等修飾成分;

　　4、不定式符號to：不定式符號to引導(dǎo)不定式短語，在句子中除了可以充當(dāng)主語、賓語、表語、補語等主干成分外，還可做定語、狀語等修飾成分;

　　5、分詞：分詞包括現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞，在句子中可充當(dāng)定語和狀語修飾成分。

　　下面我們就按照長難句拆分原則，依照這些拆分信號，結(jié)合考研英語閱讀或翻譯真題中的長難句進行實戰(zhàn)演練一下吧!

　　1、{C}This trend began during the Second World War, when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail.

　　(1)句子拆分

　　拆分點：從屬連詞、介詞、標點符號

　　This trend began∥during the Second World War,∥when several governments came to the conclusion∥that the specific demands∥that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen∥in detail.

　　(2)句子結(jié)構(gòu)

　　找謂語動詞(began, came, wants, cannot be foreseen);

　　↓

　　找連詞(when, that, that)

　　↓

　　前面沒有從屬連詞的動詞即為主句的謂語動詞

　　↓

　　確定主從句

　　主句：This trend began during the Second World War;

　　從句：定語從句when several governments came to the conclusion修飾the Second World War，本從句嵌套著一個二級從句即同位語從句that the specific demands cannot generally be foreseen in detail修飾conclusion和一個三級從句that引導(dǎo)的定語從句that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment修飾demands。

　　(3)解析

　　during the Second World War介詞短語做狀語;when several governments came to the conclusion that the specific demands that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment cannot generally be foreseen in detail做定語修飾the Second World War;that the specific demands cannot generally be foreseen in detail同位語從句修飾conclusion;that a government wants to make of its scientific establishment修飾demands。

　　(4)本句的參考譯文

　　這種趨勢始于第二次世界大戰(zhàn)期間，當(dāng)時一些國家的`政府得出結(jié)論：政府向科研機構(gòu)提出的要求通常是無法詳盡預(yù)見的。

　　總之，只要考生對句子結(jié)構(gòu)有個透徹的理解，弄清句子的各個成分，并可以借助連詞、介詞、非謂語動詞等手段把句子由簡單變得復(fù)雜，由復(fù)雜變得簡單，這樣句子結(jié)構(gòu)分析技能提高了，長難句也就攻克了，對于考研閱讀和翻譯的理解也就簡單了。