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It was 3: 45 in the morning when the vote was finally taken. After six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia's Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die. The measure passed by the convincing vote of 15 to 10. Almost immediately word flashed on the Internet and was picked up, half a world away, by John Hofsess, executive director of the Right to Die Society of Canada. He sent it on via the group's on-line service, Death NET. Says Hofsess: We posted bulletins all day long, because of course this isn't just something that happened in Australia. It's world history.
The full import may take a while to sink in. The NT Rights of the Terminally Ill law has left physicians and citizens alike trying to deal with its moral and practical implications. Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill and the haste of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back. In Australia-where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part-other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia. In the US and Canada, where the right-to-die movement is gathering strength, observers are waiting for the dominoes to start fa lling.
Under the new Northern Territory law, an adult patient can request death-probably by a deadly injection or pill-to put an end to suffering. The patient must be diagnosed as terminally ill by two doctors. After a cooling off period of seven days, the patient can sign a certificate of request. After 48 hours the wish for death can be met. For Lloyd Nickson, a 54-year-old Darwin resident suffering from lung cancer, the NT Rights of Terminally Ill law means he can get on with living without the haunting fear of his suffering: a terrifying death from his breathing condition. I'm not afraid of dying from a spiritual point of view, but what I was afraid of was how I'd go, because I've watched people die in the hospital fighting for oxygen and clawing at their masks, he says.
51. From the second paragraph we learn that ________.
（A）the objection to euthanasia is slow to come in other countries
�。˙）physicians and citizens share the same view on euthanasia
（C）changing technology is chiefly responsible for the hasty passage of the law
�。―）it takes time to realize the significance of the law's passage
52. When the author says that observers are waiting for the dominoes to start fa lling, he means ________.
（A）observers are taking a wait-and-see attitude towards the future of euthanasia
�。˙）similar bills are likely to be passed in the US, Canada and other countries
�。–）observers are waiting to see the result of the game of dominoes
�。―）the effect-taking process of the passed bill may finally come to a stop
53. When Lloyd Nickson dies, he will ________.
（A）face his death with calm characteristic of euthanasia
�。˙）experience the suffering of a lung cancer patient
�。–）have an intense fear of terrible suffering
（D）undergo a cooling off period of seven days
54. The author's attitude towards euthanasia seems to be that of ________.
�。ˋ）opposition （B）suspicion （C）approval （D）indifference
答案及試題解析
51.（D）意為：理解該法獲批準的意義尚需要時間。
第二段第一句是該段的主題句，該句意為：其（即這一立法的）整體含義（import）可能需要一段時間才為人徹底理解（sink in）。其實，該段的第二句是對第一句更具體的闡釋，該句可譯為：北部地方州（此處NT是Northern Territory的縮略形式，指澳大利亞中北部地區(qū)）晚期病人權利法的批準使醫(yī)生和普通人都在思索其道義與實踐方面的含義。本段下文提到了支持和反對該法的兩種觀點。
A意為：在（除澳大利亞以外的）其他國家，對安樂死的反對意見緩慢而至。這一點該段沒有提到。實際上，聽到該法批準后，遠在美國和加拿大的人也很快作出了反應。
B意為：在安樂死這一問題上，醫(yī)生和普通人觀點相同。正像該段第三句所指出的，對于該法的批準，意見分歧很大。有些人松了口氣，而有些人-包括教堂、保衛(wèi)生命權益組織與澳大利亞醫(yī)學會-對該法進行激烈的抨擊，認為它的批準過于倉促。
C意為：技術（條件）的變化應對該法的倉促批準負主要責任。該段第五句意為：在澳大利亞，其他州也將考慮通過制定同樣的一項法律來解決安樂死問題，而促成這一形勢的是澳大利亞老化的人口、生命延續(xù)技術、正在變化的社會態(tài)度等因素�？梢�，這與C所表達的內容不一樣。
52.（B）意為：美國、加拿大及其他國家也可能批準類似法律。
第二段最后一句指出，在美國和加拿大死之權利運動正在集結力量，觀望者正在等待多米諾骨牌開始傾倒。多米諾骨牌是一種西洋骨牌游戲；游戲中將許多長方形的骨牌豎立排列成行，碰倒第一張時，其余骨牌將依次紛紛倒下。用于比喻時，這種游戲指一系列的連鎖反應，即：牽一發(fā)而動全身。這里喻指：澳大利亞的形勢會波及北美等國家，引起類似的做法。
A意為：觀察者對安樂死的未來持觀望態(tài)度。根據對B的分析，觀察者等待的是是否美、加等國會在對安樂死的態(tài)度方面步澳之后塵，通過類似立法，而并非是指他們對安樂死態(tài)度暖昧、莫衷一是。
C意為：觀察者正等待看多米諾游戲的結果。這種解釋未免太拘泥于字面的意思。
D意為：所批準的法案的影響也許會最終停止。與原文不符。
53.（A）意為：死時表現(xiàn)出安樂死的平靜特征。
這實際上是說他將采用安樂死的方式離開人世。第三段提到，住在達爾文市（位于北部地方州）的尼克森患肺癌，對他來說，允許安樂死的法案的批準意味著他可以心情平靜地生活，而無需懼怕將要遭受的死亡的折磨：由死時所產生的呼吸困難所帶來的痛苦折磨。他說：從思想認識上講，我并不怕死，但是，我怕的是如何死去，因為我曾親眼目睹過醫(yī)院的病人死時由缺氧而掙扎并抓撓氧氣罩的情景。從以上的分析可以看出，尼克森先生知道自己已患絕癥并依法為自己選擇安樂死的方式告別人世。
B意為：經歷肺癌病人所要遭受的痛苦。不對，相反，尼克森將會平靜死去。
C意為：對痛苦的折磨極度恐懼。
D意為：將經歷7天的平靜階段。第三段指出，根據北部地區(qū)新通過的法律，要求安樂死的病人必須具備以下條件：1）該病人必須由兩名醫(yī)生診斷為晚期病人；2）平靜考慮7天后，病人簽署一個申請證書；3）48小時后再給病人實行安樂死�？梢�，這里所說的平靜7天是讓病人（及其家庭）平靜、認真地考慮一下是否選擇采用安樂死這一形式。
54.（C）意為；贊同。
這是一篇新聞體文章，在新聞體文章中，寫作者往往通過引用相關者的觀點來結束討論，并將自己的態(tài)度通過引用間接地表述出來。本文以尼克森的話結束了對安樂死的討論，而尼克森是安樂死的支持者。另外，文章的大部分文字陳述了對安樂死法案的褒揚態(tài)度，而反對態(tài)度卻一帶而過。從這兩方面來看，作者對安樂死持贊同態(tài)度。
A意為：反對。
B意為：懷疑。
D意為：不關心。
翻譯句子
1、Some have breathed sighs of relief, others, including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian Medical Association, bitterly attacked the bill land the haste of its passage. But the tide is unlikely to turn back.
[參考譯文] 一些機構終于松了一口氣，但是其他一些機構，包括教堂，倡導生命之權的團體和澳大利亞醫(yī)學協(xié)會，尖銳地抨擊這個法案，指責法案的通過過于匆忙。但是大勢已定，不可逆轉。
[結構剖析] 第一句話中，有用逗號松散連接的兩個表示對比的句子：Some have breathed…others…bitterly attacked…，其中 others 之后是介詞詞組：including churches, right-to-life groups and the Australian Medical Association 對 others 進行進一步的解釋。its passage 中的 its 指代前面提到的 the bill。第二句使用了被動語態(tài)，與第一句是轉折關系。
[閱讀重點] tide 本意是潮水、潮汐的意思，這里的引申含義是趨勢、趨向；turn the tide 使形式轉變、改變局面。bill 這里是法案的意思。另外要理解 some 和 others 的對比關系。
2、In Australia-where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part-other states are going to consider making a similar law to deal with euthanasia.
[參考譯文] 在澳大利亞-人口老齡化，延長壽命的技術和變化著的社會態(tài)度，這些因素都在發(fā)揮作用-其他的州也會考慮制定相似的關于安樂死的法律。
[結構剖析] 這個句子的主體結構是… other states are going to consider…。句首的 In Australia 是介詞詞組表示地點狀語，后面 where 引導定語從句 where an aging population, life-extending technology and changing community attitudes have all played their part，進一步解釋 Australia 的具體情況。
[閱讀重點] 注意破折號中說各種因素都發(fā)揮了作用，是指對其它州考慮制定關于安樂死的法律這件事而言的。另外注意 consider 的用法，consider 后面一般接 V-ing 的形式或 that 引導的賓語從句。
補充難句翻譯
1、After six months of arguing and final 16hours of hot parliamentary debates, Australia's Northern Territory became the first legal authority in the world to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die.
[參考譯文] 經過了六個月的爭論以及最后16個小時激烈的議會辯論，澳大利亞北部地區(qū)成了世界上第一個允許醫(yī)生終止希望死去的絕癥病人生命的立法當局。
[結構剖析] 句子的主體結構是 Australia's Northern Territory became the first legal authority…；句首是表示時間的介詞詞組作狀語：after six months of arguing and final 16 hours of hot parliamentary debates；后面的動詞不定式 to allow doctors to take the lives of incurably ill patients who wish to die 相當于定語從句 which allows doctors to…，修飾 legal authority；who 引導定語從句 who wish to die 修飾前面的 patients。
[閱讀重點] 理解句子的關鍵在于剔除龐雜的修飾成分，抓住句子的主干。
2、After a cooling off period of seven days, the patient can sign a certificate of request. After 48 hours the wish for death can be met.
[參考譯文] 在七天的冷靜期之后，病人可以簽署一張申請證書。再等48小時之后，他要求死去的愿望就可以實現(xiàn)了。
[結構剖析] 兩個句子都是簡單句。第一句中前面是介詞詞組作時間狀語：After a cooling off period of seven days。第二句使用了被動語態(tài)。
[閱讀重點] cooling off 這里是指給病人充足的考慮時間以做出冷靜的決定。meet 這里是滿足的意思，可以和 demand、need、requirement 等和 wish 類似的詞連用。
語言點詳解
1. take vote 表決
[大綱詞匯] vote n.投票，表；選票，選票數；v.投票，表決
[經典例句] They finally took a vote on the mater.
2. legal authority 合法當局
[大綱詞匯] legal a.法律的，法定的；合法的，正當的 a legal act 合法行為
3. incurably 不可救藥地
[大綱詞匯] cure v.（of）治愈，醫(yī)治；矯正，糾正； n.治愈，痊愈；良藥，療法
[衍生詞匯] curable a.可醫(yī)治的 incurable a.無法治愈的，不可糾正的 incurably ad.無法治愈地，不可救藥地
[經典例句] He was incurably stubborn on this matter.
4. convincing 令人信服的
[大綱詞匯] convince v.（of）使信服，使確信
[衍生詞匯] convincing a.令人信服的，有說服力的
[經典例句] His explanation is very convincing.
5. flash on 閃映
[大綱詞匯] flash v.發(fā)閃光，閃亮；閃現(xiàn)；n.閃光
[經典例句] The news flashed on the television.
6. pick up 得到
[大綱詞匯] pick up 拾起，揀起；增加，改進；（偶然）得到；（車船）中途搭（人），中途帶（貨）；獲得，學會
[經典例句] Their message was picked up by the enemy and decoded.
7. executive director 執(zhí)行總監(jiān)
[大綱詞匯] executive a.執(zhí)行的，實施的；n.總經理，董事，行政負責人
8. send it on 繼續(xù)發(fā)送
[大綱詞匯] send n.送，寄；派遣，打發(fā)
[經典例句] She asked me to send the message on to other friends.
9. on-line service 網上服務
10. all day long 整天
[經典例句] He works on the question all day long to find the right answer.
11. import 含義
[大綱詞匯] import v.進口，輸人； n.進口，輸人；pl.進口商品，進口物資，主旨，含義
[經典例句] Hardly anyone caught the full import of the incident.
12. take a while 需要一段時間
[大綱詞匯] while n.一段時間，一會兒
[經典例句] It takes a while for him to calm down.
13. sink in 被理解
[大綱詞匯] sink v.（使）下沉，下落； n.水池，水槽
[擴充詞匯] sink in 被理解
[經典例句] Eventually the news sank in.
14. physician 內科醫(yī)生
[經典例句] physician n.內科醫(yī)生
15. implication 牽連
[大綱詞匯] implication n.含義，暗示 imply v.意指；含…意思，暗示
[擴充詞義] implication n.牽連；涉及；密切關系
[經典例句] The news regulation has grave implication for unemployment.
16. haste 匆忙
[大綱詞匯] haste n.匆忙，急速；草率；v.趕快，匆忙 in haste 匆忙地，草率地
[衍生詞匯] hasty a.匆忙的
[經典例句] Many people were surprised at the haste of his marriage.
17. passage 通過
[大綱詞匯] passage n.通過，經過；通路；走廊；（一）段落，（一）節(jié)
[經典例句] The opposition party tried to secure the passage of the law.
18. turn back 折回
[擴充詞匯] turn back 折回，返回；改變做法
[經典例句] There is no turning back once you have signed the contract.
19. play one's part 起作用
[大綱詞匯] play a part（in）起作用
[經典例句] Ambition played its part in his success.
20. euthanasia 安樂死
21. dominoes 多米諾骨牌（多米諾現(xiàn)象指一個倒下后引起連鎖反應而全部倒下）
22. injection 注射
[大綱詞匯] inject v.注射，注人
[衍生詞匯] injection n.注射
[經典例句] The doctor prescribed an injection of penicillin for his fever.
23. put an end to 使…結束
[擴充詞匯] put an end to 使終止，毀掉
[經典例句] The accident put an end to her happy life.
24. diagnose 診斷
[大綱詞匯] diagnose v.診斷
[經典例句] He was diagnosed lung cancer a few days age.
25. terminally 致命地
[大綱詞匯] terminal a.終點站；終端，接線端；計算機終端
[衍生詞匯] terminally ad.致命地，晚期地；終點地
[經典例句] He was terminally ill.
26. cool off 使冷靜下來
[大綱詞匯] cool a.涼的，涼爽的；冷靜的，沉著的，冷淡的；v.（使）冷卻，（使）冷靜
[擴充詞匯] cool off 使冷靜下來
[經典例句] You should give him sometime to cool off his anger.
27. certificate 證明書
[大綱詞匯] certificate n.證（明）書
28. get on with 繼續(xù)
[擴充詞匯] get on with 繼續(xù)
[經典例句] We get on with the meeting after his disruption.
29. haunting 縈繞于心的
[擴充詞匯] haunt v.常去；使苦惱，困擾；布滿 haunting a.縈繞于心的，使人不安的
[經典例句] Man's future is a haunting question to him.
30. terrifying 令人恐懼的
[大綱詞匯] terrify v.使害怕，使驚嚇
[衍生詞匯] terrifying a.令人害怕的
[經典例句] The terrifying scene shocked everyone.
31. point of view 觀點
[大綱詞匯] viewpoint n.觀點
32. fight for 為…而斗爭
[大綱詞匯] fight v./n.打（仗）；搏斗，斗爭，戰(zhàn)斗
[經典例句] He died in fighting for freedom.
33. claw at 抓，撓
[大綱詞匯] claw n.爪，腳爪
[擴充詞義] claw v.抓，撓
[經典例句] The emotional stress of those years still claws at her.
34. objection to 反對
[大綱詞匯] object v.（to）反對 objection n.（to）反對，異議
[經典例句] I have no objection to your proposal.
全文翻譯
凌晨3：45進行了最終表決。經過6個月爭論和最后16個小時的國會激烈辯論，澳大利亞北部地區(qū)（澳北州）成為世界上第一個允許醫(yī)生根據絕癥病人個人意愿來結束其生命的合法當局。這一法案是以令人信服的15票對10票通過。幾乎同時，該消息就出現(xiàn)在互聯(lián)網上。身處地球另一端的加拿大死亡權利執(zhí)行主席約翰？霍夫塞斯在收到該消息后便通過協(xié)會的在線服務死亡之網發(fā)了公告。他說：我們整天都在發(fā)布公告，因為這件事的意義不在于它是在澳大利亞發(fā)生的事情，而是因為這是世界歷史的一件大事。
要充分理解這一法案的深刻意義可能需要一段時間。澳北州晚期病人權利法使得無論是內科醫(yī)生還是普通市民都同樣地力圖從道義和實際意義兩方面來對待這一問題。一些人如釋重負，另一些人，包括教會，生命權利組織以及澳大利亞醫(yī)學會成員都對這一決議及其倉促的通過進行了猛烈的抨擊。但這一潮流已無法逆轉。在澳大利亞，人口老齡化，延長壽命技術和公眾態(tài)度的變化都發(fā)揮著各自的作用。其他州也將考慮制定類似的法律來處理安樂死問題。在美國和加拿大，死亡權利運動正在積蓄力量。觀察家們正在等待多米諾骨牌產生的效應。
根據澳北州所通過的這項新法案，成年病人可以要求安樂死-可能是通過注射致死藥劑或服用致死藥片-來結束痛苦。但此前病人必須由兩名醫(yī)生診斷其確實已病入膏肓，然后再經過7天的冷靜思考期，方可簽署一份申請證明。48小時后，才可以滿足其安樂死的愿望。對于居住于達爾文現(xiàn)年54歲的肺癌患者利奧德？尼克森來說，這個法律意味著他可以平靜地生活下去而無須整天懼怕即將來臨的苦難：因呼吸困難而在煎熬中痛苦地死去。從思想上說，我并不害怕死，但我怕的是怎樣死，因為我在醫(yī)院看到過病人在缺氧時苦苦掙扎，用手抓他們的面罩時的情景。他說。
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