考研英語(yǔ)閱讀理解B型題試題及答案
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Directions:
In the following article, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 1-5, choose the most suitable one from the list A—G to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps.
If you flew in an airplane over the continent of Antarctica, you would look down on a great sheet of snow and ice. The snow and ice slopes gently from a central plateau around the South Pole toward the sea. Along the coasts of Antarctica, sharp mountains rise up from the snow. Huge masses of ice called glaciers slide between the mountain ridges toward the sea. At the sea's edge, tremendous icebergs break off the glacier and float away. They are often enormous in size.
1) Most of the land beneath the snow is a great land mass. A chain of smaller islands is nearby. The islands and the land mass are joined into one continent by a thick blanket of ice.
Antarctica has nine-tenths of all the world's ice. If all this ice melted, the level of the world's oceans would rise 250 feet. Most cities along the coast would be drowned. In New York Harbor, water would almost cover the Statue of Liberty's head. But the ice in Antarctica does not melt. The temperature stays well below freezing the year round in most places. Antarctica is the coldest place on Earth. 2)
Antarctica does not have much plant life. Only a few simple plants, such as mosses, lichens, and algae, can grow there. 3) But along the coasts of the continent there are many birds, fish, and animals.
Thousands of whales and millions of seals swim in Antarctic seas. Six kinds of seals are found. The fur seal, the smallest, has long been hunted for its silky fur. The tough-skinned elephant seal is the largest. It can weigh as much as four tons.
4)
A number of birds live in Antarctica, and fly over the water and ice. 5) Each year it migrates between the northernmost islands of the Arctic (the region around the North Pole) and the shores of Antarctica —a distance of about 11,000 miles.
［A］The temperature stays well below freezing the year round in most places. Antarctica is the coldest place on Earth. The temperature there has been known to drop to more than 100 degrees below zero.
�。跙］The Arctic tern has been called the long-distance champion of the world.
［C］Most of the world's whaling takes place in Antarctic waters. The blue whale is the largest animal that has ever lived. It may weigh as much as 150 tons and be 95 feet long. Smaller whales include the bottlenose, the humpback, the sperm, and the finback.
�。跠］They cannot fly, but they have flipper-like wings, which make them strong swimmers.
［E］Beneath the snow and ice of Antarctica lies land. Snow piles deeper and deeper on top of the land and hardens into ice. In some places, it is three miles deep.
�。跢］The climate is so harsh, and food so scarce, that people cannot settle in Antarctica.
�。跥］When the ice sheets pushed down from the north reaching as far south as the river, it does not encounter any mountains and hard rocks.
答案及詳解
1.E。填寫(xiě)這段話時(shí)，應(yīng)同時(shí)根據(jù)上下文來(lái)理解，在文章第一段當(dāng)時(shí)曾經(jīng)出現(xiàn)過(guò)“the snow and ice”這個(gè)詞，當(dāng)然這就應(yīng)該是一個(gè)很好的啟發(fā)。第一段中說(shuō)的是這些雪和冰從南極點(diǎn)向海里運(yùn)動(dòng)的過(guò)程，那么進(jìn)入第二段時(shí)，我們很自然就會(huì)想，當(dāng)這些雪和冰移到海里之后，他們下面又是什么，第二段的空白接下去的句子就提到了這些(beneath the snow ...)，而這與所要填寫(xiě)的選項(xiàng)正是相呼應(yīng)的。
2.A。填寫(xiě)這幾句話時(shí)，主要應(yīng)該從語(yǔ)意和語(yǔ)境上來(lái)理解。文章第三段的前部分，描述了南極洲存在著大量的冰，并且那些冰終年不化，于是我們就能自然而然的想到，那兒的溫度也是非常之低的了。
3.F。填寫(xiě)這句話時(shí)，也應(yīng)同時(shí)結(jié)合上下文來(lái)看。前一句說(shuō)到，南極洲僅有少數(shù)的植物生命存在，后一句說(shuō)的是，在大洲的海岸沿線卻存在許多鳥(niǎo)、魚(yú)和動(dòng)物。這里要引起注意的就是那個(gè)轉(zhuǎn)折詞“But ...”，說(shuō)明前一句就應(yīng)該是說(shuō)有些動(dòng)物類生命是不適合在那里生存的，即人。
4.C。填寫(xiě)這段話時(shí)，應(yīng)該看到它的前一段，即本文的第五段，說(shuō)有成千上萬(wàn)的鯨以及幾百萬(wàn)之多的海豹在南極游嬉。而接下來(lái)的.文字，卻僅僅只是描述了海豹的種類及特征，那么很明顯，剩下的文字，就應(yīng)該比較具體的來(lái)描述鯨了。
5.B。理解這句話并不難，主要在其中的一個(gè)單詞“Arctic tern”，這是“北極燕鷗”，了解了它的意思，這句話也就看懂了。北極燕鷗在世界上被稱為長(zhǎng)距離飛行的冠軍。
D。這句話的意思是他們不能飛。但是有鰭狀的翅膀，使他們更善于游泳，這顯然是南極洲另外一種動(dòng)物——企鵝的特征，故不能選，并且它與燕鷗飛行11，000 英里之間遷徙的后文相矛盾。
G。這句話說(shuō)的是那些冰塊從北向南移動(dòng)，不再會(huì)遇到山脈和巖石，這顯然已經(jīng)超出了文章的范圍，因?yàn)檫@樣的碎冰幾乎已經(jīng)走出了南極洲，成為人類可利用之水。并且它與在整個(gè)文章內(nèi)容上不能銜接，故不能填。
中心思想
本文主要介紹了南極洲的自然風(fēng)光，通過(guò)描述巨大的冰川、寒冷的天氣，以及稀有的動(dòng)植物，向我們較為全面地展示了南極洲的與眾不同。
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