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考研英語易混淆的詞語匯總
考研英語易混淆的詞語都有哪些呢，我們不妨來學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)。以下是CN人才小編搜集并整理的研英語有關(guān)內(nèi)容，希望對大家有所幫助!
1) a big time：盡興，高興的時刻
e.g. I had a big time there.
the big time：第一流，最高級
e.g. Don’t worry, you are in the big time now.
2) according to：按照，根據(jù)
e.g. They were commended or criticized according to their work.
according as：隨……而定
e.g. The thermometer rises or falls according as the air is hot or cold.
3) admit to：承認(rèn)
e.g. I have to admit to a dislike for modern music.
admit sb.(in) to：允許某人進(jìn)入某地或加入某組織、行業(yè)
e.g. They have admitted me into their club.
4) all for：完全贊成
e.g. I am all for holding a meeting to discuss it.
for all：盡管
e.g. They could not open the box for all their forces.
5) all in all：總的說來
e.g. All in all, it is a success.
all in：疲倦，筋疲力盡
e.g. He was all in, but he stuck it out.
6) as it is (was)：照目前的情況來看
e.g. As it is, we shall be able to complete our task in time.
as it were：可以說，姑且這樣說
e.g. He is, as it were, a walking dictionary.
7) as much as：幾乎，實(shí)際上
e.g. By running away he as much as admitted that he had taken the money.
as much…as：與……一樣多
e.g. It is as much our responsibility as yours.
8) as well：也，還是……為好
e.g. He gave me advice, and money as well.
Since you have begun to do it, you may as well finish it.
as well as：不僅……而且，除……之外
e.g. With television, we see a picture as well as hearing sound.
Small towns as well as big cities are being rapidly industrialized.
9) at one time從前某個時期
e.g. At one time, we met frequently.
at a time：每次，一次
e.g. You can borrow only two books at a time.
10) attach to：屬于，歸因于
e.g. No blame attaches to him.
attach oneself to：參加，加入
e.g. He attached himself to the group of climbers.
11) be a credit to：為……增光
e.g. I hope you will be a credit to your school.
do credit to：為……增進(jìn)榮譽(yù)
e.g. This piece of work does credit to you.
12) bear in mind：記住
e.g. I hope you will bear in mind all I am saying.
have in mind：考慮
e.g. Don’t give your confidence to others regarding the plan you have in mind.
13) begin with：以……為起點(diǎn)
e.g. He advised me to begin with something easy.
to begin with：首先
e.g. To begin with, we must consider the problem from all sides.
14) build up：逐步建成，增強(qiáng)
e.g. They are trying hard to build up an independent economy.
He went for an ocean voyage and built up his health.
build on：以……為基礎(chǔ)，依賴
e.g. Let’s build on your idea.
We shall build on your supporting us.
15) by day：在白天
e.g. Most of them work by day and study by night.
by the day：(指工作報酬等)按日計算
e.g. Will you pay me by the day or by the hour?
16) can but只好……罷了
e.g. We can but try to make him see how unreasonable he has been.
cannot but：不得不，禁不住
e.g. I cannot but tell her the truth.(=I cannot help telling her the truth)
17) come forth：出現(xiàn)，發(fā)行
e.g. Many new things are coming forth..
Do you know that a set of new stamps has come forth?
come forward：自告奮勇，提出供討論
They have come forward with an offer to help.
The matter was deferred at last evening’s meeting, but will come forward at our next session.
18) compare … to比擬(指出其中的相似點(diǎn))
e.g. Man’s life is often compared to a candle.
compare … with：把……和……相比(指出其不同之處)
e.g. He compared his camera with mine.
19) consist in：包含在……中
e.g. Happiness consists in good health.
consist of：由……組成
e.g. The apartment consisted of two rooms and a kitchen.
20) end on：兩端相碰，正對
e.g. The two ships collided each other end on.
We shouldn’t place the bicycles end on.
on end：豎著，連續(xù)地，不斷地
e.g. Place the box on end.
She often works for 20 hours on end.
21) familiar to：某事為某人熟知
e.g. There were facts not familiar to me.
familiar with：熟悉或通曉某事
e.g. He is familiar with English, German and French..
22) feel for sb.：同情某人，為某人難過
e.g. I feel for you in your sorrow.
feel for sth：(用手、腳、棍子等)摸索，尋找某物
e.g. She felt under the pillow for her watch.
23) for a moment：片刻，一會兒
e.g. She was silent for a moment, weighing in her mind the pros and cons.
for the moment：此刻、暫時
e.g. I cannot recall his name for the moment.
24) get down：下去，下來;寫下來
e.g. The bus was so jammed that I could not get down.
Here’s the telephone number I got down for you.
get down to：認(rèn)真著手進(jìn)行處理
e.g. It is no good shirking the job, it will have to be got down to.
25) get into trouble with sb.：遭到某人的(訓(xùn)斥等)
e.g. Poor Tom is always getting into trouble with the boss.
get sb. into trouble：使某人陷入困境
e.g. The letter got me into trouble.
26) give sb. a hand：幫助某人或參與某人做某事
e.g. Give me a hand with the cleaning, please.
give sb. one’s hand：與某人握手
e.g. She gave me her hand and wished me a good trip.
27) go through：檢查，搜查;通過，穿過
e.g. They went through our luggage at the customs.
It took us a whole week to go through the great forest.
go through with：把……堅持到底
e.g. We should go through with the experiment now we’ve started.
28) good for：有益于
e.g. This book is good for your English study.
for good：永久地
e.g. The lost money was gone for good.
29) have a fancy for：愛好，喜愛
e.g. She has a fancy for nice clothes.
have a fancy that：猜想，認(rèn)為
e.g. I have a fancy that he will come tonight.
30) head up：領(lǐng)頭;領(lǐng)導(dǎo)
e.g. A band headed up the parade.
Mr. Jones will head up the new business.
heads up：注意，小心
e.g. Heads up, now! You can do better than that.
31) in a way：在某種程度上
e.g. In a way, it is an important book.
in the way：妨礙，擋路
I will visit you next weekend if there is nothing in the way.
32) in black：穿黑色衣服
e.g. Arabian women are always dressed in black clothes.
in the black：贏利，賺錢
New production methods put the company in the black.
33) in charge of：負(fù)責(zé)
e.g. Who is in charge of this work?
in the charge of：照護(hù)
e.g. The patients are in the charge of the nurse.
34) in hand：控制
e.g. There was a little rioting, but the police soon had the situation in hand.
hand in：遞交，交給
e.g. He handed in his resignation in protest against it.
35) in one’s honor：向……表示敬意或感謝
e.g. The day was kept as a holiday in honor of victory.
on one’s honor：用人格擔(dān)保
e.g. We were on our honor not to cheat on the exam.
36) in possession of：占有
e.g. He is in possession of this house.
in the possession of：被占有
e.g. The keys are in the possession of the door keeper.
37) in spirit：在內(nèi)心，在精神上
e.g. In spirit, at least, these laws were very fair.
in spirits：情緒或心情(好、壞等)
e.g. He is in poor spirits because of his failing in the exam.
38) keep up：繼續(xù)，保持
e.g. They entered into a correspondence which was kept up for almost ten years.
keep up with：與……齊步前進(jìn)，跟上
e.g. With their help, he has kept up with the class.
39) look about：環(huán)視
e.g. He looked about him with great interest.
look about for：四處尋找
e.g. She was looking about for the key she had just lost.
40) look up：向上看
e.g. He looked up and nodded to me.
look up to：尊敬
e.g. It must be rewarding to be looked up to by so many people.
41) make one’s way：開路
e.g. As soon as he saw us, the teacher made his way through the crowd to greet us.
make one’s way to：向……走去
e.g. In the evening we made our way to the appointed meeting place.
中考英語相似詞語辨析
also/ as well/ too/ either “也”
�、�. also較正式，位置通�？拷鼊釉~，用于句中；且用于肯定句中。如：
�、� He also plays football. 他也踢足球。
② I was also there.我也在那兒。
�、�. too 多用于口語，通常置于句末，前邊須用逗號隔開，也可用于句中，且前后均須用逗號隔開，；用于肯定句中。如：
① He is a worker, too.
�、� The two cows, too, are white.那兩頭奶牛也全都是白的。
�、�. as well 是副詞短語，多用于口語，只用于句末。如：
�、� She not only taught us English but taught us maths as well.她不但教過我們英語，還教過我們數(shù)學(xué)。
�、� He is a teacher and a writer as well.他是位教師，也是一位作家。
�、�. either 用于否定句中，常置于句末。在肯定句變否定句時，其中的also, too, as well都要改為either.
�、� Yesterday I didn’t watch TV and I didn’t see the film, either .昨天我沒有看電視，也沒有看電影。
for / from / since
�、�. 三者都能用來表示時間，但用法不同。
since “自從”，所表示的是一個時間點(diǎn)。可用作介詞，也可用作連詞，后接時間名詞或短語，或引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句；要求前面的謂語動詞或主句的謂語動詞必須用完成時態(tài)，要用延續(xù)性動詞。而since引導(dǎo)的從句中的謂語動詞通常應(yīng)是短暫性的動詞。若接時間，則應(yīng)為點(diǎn)時間。
all/ whole
Ⅰ. 二者意義（“全部、都、整個”）相同，然而詞序不同。
�、�. all用于冠詞，所有格或其它“限定詞”之前。
whole 則用于冠詞之后。如：
�、� all the time. ────→the whole time.全部時間
② all my life ────→the whole life.我的一生
�、� all this confusion ─→ this whole confusion.整個混亂狀況。
�、�. 如果沒有冠詞，或其它限定詞，whole不能與單數(shù)名詞連用。可以說：
�、� The whole city was burning.但不能說：
�、� Whole London was burning.
�、�.whole 和 all 與復(fù)數(shù)名詞連用時意思不同。Whole 的意思為“全部”，而all的意思則近乎“每一個”如：
�、� All Indian tribes([traib]部首 ) suffered from white settlement in America. 所有印第安人部首都因白人移民美洲而遭殃。
② Whole Indian tribes were killed off. 有些印第安人部落整個被殺光了。
�、�. whole 一般不用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞（包括物質(zhì)名詞）
① 可以說：all the money 或all the wine
�、� 不可以說：the whole money 或the whole wine.
�、� The whole of = whole 與單數(shù)名詞連用。它用于冠詞、所有格之前。
the whole of the time.
the whole of my life
the whole of this confusion
alone/ lonely
�、�. alone adj. “單獨(dú)的”只能作表語。如：
�、� I’m alone but I don’t fell lonely. 我單身一人但我從不覺得孤獨(dú)。
�、� 此外alone 還可作副詞。相當(dāng)于by oneself,“單獨(dú)地”“獨(dú)自”
�、� I’ll go there alone.我將獨(dú)自去那兒。
Ⅱ. lonely adj. “孤獨(dú)的”“寂寞的”有時還可表示“荒涼的”“無人煙的”意思,與deserted意思相同。含有較濃的情感色彩。既可作定語也可作表語。如：
�、� We’re together most of the time, so we never feel lonely.
② a lonely / deserted island
such as 和for example
這兩個短語都可以作“例如”解。for example用來舉例說明某一論點(diǎn)或情況，一般只舉同類人或物中的“一個”為例，作插入語，可位于句首，句中或句末。例如：
Ball games, for example, have spread around the world. 球類運(yùn)動就已經(jīng)在世界各地傳播開了。
What would you do if you met a wild animal？？a lion, for example? 如果遇上野獸，例如獅子，你該怎么辦？
such as用來列舉事物時，一般列舉同類人或事物中的幾個例子。插在被列舉的事物與前面的名詞之間，as后面不可有逗號。例如：
Some of the rubbish, such as food, paper and iron, rots away over a long period of time.
有些廢物，如剩飯、廢紙和廢鐵，時間一久就爛掉了。
注意：使用這個短語時，后面列舉的事物的數(shù)量不能等于它前面所提到的總和，一旦相等就要用that is或namely。如不可以說：I have three good friends, such as John, Jack and Tom. 應(yīng)該說：I have three good friends, that is, John, Jack and Tom。我有三個好朋友，即約翰、杰克和湯姆。
reason 和cause
The ____ of the big fire was his carelessness.
A.reason B.cause C.causing D.reasoning
解答：B。reason強(qiáng)調(diào)一種推理的理由，而cause是指導(dǎo)致某件事情發(fā)生的人或事。
when while 與 as
1,when表示“當(dāng)……的時候”。從句中既可用延續(xù)性動詞，又可用非延續(xù)性動詞，這些動詞既可以表示動作，又可表示狀態(tài)。從句中的動作既可和主句的動作同時發(fā)生，又可在主句的動作之前或之后發(fā)生。如：
When I came into the room, I found him lying there asleep.
Mary was having dinner when I saw her.
When you meet a word you don''t know, consult the dictionary.
She was beautiful when she was a girl.
如果when從句的主語與主句主語相同，謂語又是be動詞，從句主語和be可以省略：當(dāng)when從句主語與主句主語相同時，用when加分詞可以替代狀語從句。如：
When（you are）in trouble, ask her for help.
When（I was）sleeping, I never heard a thing.
2，as
(1)表示"當(dāng)……時"、"和……同時"。常指從句的動作未結(jié)束，主句中的動作就已發(fā)生。從句中多用表示動作的動詞，而不用be動詞或表示感覺、理解、知道這類動詞。
As he stood there, he saw two men enter the bar.
She dropped the glass as she stood up.
As I was walking down the street, an American asked me for directions to the nearest station.
(2)用于平行的動作中，表示"一面……一面……"。常指一個主語同時進(jìn)行兩個動作。如：
He sang as he worked.
The students took notes as they listened.
3,While表示"在……的時候"、"在……期間"。它強(qiáng)調(diào)主句的動作與從句的動作同時發(fā)生或主句的動作發(fā)生在從句的動作過程中。While從句中必須是表示動作或狀態(tài)的延續(xù)性動詞。如：
Never get on or off a bus while it is in motion.
The weather was fine while we were in Beijing.
She called while I was out.
become,get和turn
get，turn，become等均可譯為“變得”，但它們在用法上有些區(qū)別。
�。�1）get用于日語，通常跟隨比較級。
It gets coldr。天氣變冷了。
�。�2）turn是指在顏色和性質(zhì)等方面變得與原來不同。
His face truned red。他的臉變紅了。
�。�3）become是指身份、職位的變化，作瞬間動詞時指狀態(tài)的變化。
He becomes a teacher 。他成了一名老師。
將來“成為”不用“become”而用"be"。
She will be a teacher。她將成為一名老師。
near 與 beside
near,by,beside表示“在……附近”的區(qū)別：
near表示相對的“近”， 實(shí)際距離可能還很遠(yuǎn)。例如：
Suzhou is near Shanghai.
There is a post office near our school.
beside表示“靠近”，實(shí)際距離不可能很遠(yuǎn)，例如：
He was sitting beside her.
常用英語詞語辨析105組(10)
real和true
real表示“真的……”“真實(shí)的”“名符其實(shí)的”，指的是事實(shí)上存在，不是想象的或虛構(gòu)的。
eg. I'm learning to skate on real ice . 我在真正的冰上學(xué)滑冰。
true“真正的，真的”，表示的是和事實(shí)及事實(shí)情況相符的，而不是編造的。
eg. The news is true . 這個消息是真的。
He told me a true story . 他給我講了一個真實(shí)的'故事。
year by year與year after year
The boy grows taller year by year, and he visits his
grandmother in the country on her birthday year after
year. 男孩逐年長高了，但他年年去鄉(xiāng)下慶祝奶奶的生日。 （逐年長高是“變化”，而年年去鄉(xiāng)下是“不變”的。）
year by year與year after year的區(qū)別
year by year = each year, one following on another 每年（把時間分開看待，一年接著一年）。例如：
Year by year we grow a little older.每年我們都變老了一些。
而year after year = one year after another, without brea 年年；年復(fù)一年（把時間作為整體看待，期間沒有間斷）。例如：
We have been to that place for a holiday year after year, for I don't know how long.我們年年到那個地方度假，我不知道有多少年了。
noise/voice/sound
這三個詞都作“聲音”解，在表示“聽到聲音”這個意思時，三者可以通用。
I heard a sound/noise/voice（我聽到一個聲音）。
但它們又各有特定的含義。
* sound 作“聲音”解，含義最廣，指可以聽到的任何聲音。
a weak sound 微弱的聲音
a sharp sound 尖銳的聲音
an eardeafening sound 震耳欲聾的聲音
* noise 作“噪音”，“嘈雜聲”、“吵鬧聲”解，特指不悅耳，不和諧的聲音(loud and unpleasant sound)。它既可作可數(shù)名詞，也可作不可數(shù)名詞。
Another kind of pollution is noise．
另外一種污染是噪音。(這里不能用sound)
* voice 作“聲音”解時，多指人發(fā)出的聲音，包括說話聲、歌聲和笑聲，有時也用于引申意義，作“意見”、“發(fā)言權(quán)”解。
He shouted at the top of voice. 他高聲呼喊。
I have no voice in the matter. 對于這件事，我沒有發(fā)言權(quán)。
none 與 no one
none指“沒有一個人”或“沒有一個物”，既可以指人，又可以指物。動詞既可以復(fù)數(shù)，有時也可以用單數(shù)。表示全部否定。例如：
None of us are (is) afraid of difficulties .
None of these books (is) interesting .
None of the money is mine .
None of the students has (have) seen the film.
no one 是兩個單詞，不能寫成一個單詞。no one=nobody ，只能指人，不指物。動詞指能用單數(shù)。
No one wants to go.
No one will make friends with me
kind sort 與 type
kind 可以譯作“種類”，一般指屬于同種性質(zhì)和特質(zhì)的東西，以便把一個種類的事物與其它種類的事物區(qū)分開。
type 則指比kind更具體的東西，譯作“型”“類型”。
例如：1 A cow is a kind of animal .(牛是一種動物。)
2 This is a new type of dictonary .
(這是一種新型詞典。)
按英語習(xí)慣用法，凡表帶有輕蔑的意思時，要用sort而不用kind。當(dāng)然，在一般情況下，二者可以互換。例如：There are all kinds（sorts）of trees and flowers in the San Su Park（三蘇公園）。
opinion thought idea view
opinion view 都含“對某人、某物的看法或想法”的意思。
opinion系常用詞, 指“對事物或問題經(jīng)過思索后提出的意見、主張、看法”, 含有“初步的”、“不十分肯定”的意味, 如:
What''s your opinion of Mr Li? 你對李先生的看法如何?
view 指“見解”、 “觀點(diǎn)”, 側(cè)重“對較廣泛、重大或有關(guān)公眾的問題所采取的態(tài)度”, view 比opinion更為肯定、全面和有系統(tǒng), 如:
May I know your views on the question? 我能知道你對這個問題的看法嗎?
idea和thought 都含“念頭”、“想法”、“觀念”的意思。
idea為一般用語, 指“由于理解、思索、推理、幻想而產(chǎn)生于腦中的思想、念頭、主意、想法”, 如:
The idea of death is frightening to most people. 死的想法對于大多數(shù)人都是可怕的。
thought指“經(jīng)過思考或推理而形成的思想、看法或想法”, 如:
He has many thoughts on the matter. 他對這事有許多想法。
result in和result from
前者表示"結(jié)果";后者表示"原因"。
The damage resulted from the fire. 這損害由火災(zāi)造成。
Their efforts resulted in failure. 他們的努力歸于失敗
specially especially particularly
especially相當(dāng)于in particular做“特別地”；specially相當(dāng)于on purpose 做“專門地、特意地”；particularly=especially指“特別、尤其”，especially指用于正式問題，particularly既可用于正式問題，也可用于日常口語。
view sight 與 scene
sight指"景色"是可數(shù)名詞時，往往指眼見的景色，如供人游覽的"景"和"名勝"，但尤指人工制成的景。One of the beautiful sights is the castle.那城堡是美景中的一個。
view和scene所表達(dá)的景色都是scenery中的一部分，往往指自然景色。view強(qiáng)調(diào)看到景色的整體印象，scene強(qiáng)調(diào)景色本身。
如：Do you enjoy the ten famous views of the West Lake?你喜歡西湖十景嗎？
There is a lovely view from this window .從這個窗子可以看到一片秀麗的景色。
There is a happy scene of children playing in the garden.孩子們在花園里玩耍，好一派歡樂的景象。
hit,beat與strike
beat 打，敲擊，指用手或物等連續(xù)地打，敲擊，如毆打或體罰，敲鼓/桌子等。
hit 打,打中,擊中,表示瞬間的動作,著重打中或擊中這一結(jié)果或強(qiáng)調(diào)敲打、打擊對象的某一點(diǎn)。只作及物動詞用。
strike 指用力地“打擊”，表示短暫的動作，含有急速的或突然的一次性的毆打、打擊或敲擊，是普通用詞，有時與hit通用，并用于比喻意義。
worth, worthy 與worthwhile
worth價值，可貴之處，作形容詞時與worthy和worthwhile都是“值得……”的意思，但用法不同，如：This book is worth reading./This book is worth 3 yuan?./It's wort hwhile to visit (visiting) this place./This place is worthy of a visit (visiting ).
worth只作表語，它后面一般接動名詞，也可接名詞，但只限于錢數(shù)，不接不定式。如果用不定式或動名詞作主語，則要用It's worthwhile…結(jié)構(gòu)，把不定式、動名詞放在句末；
worthy是形容詞，worthy可作表語，也可作定語，作表語時，后跟of接名詞或動名詞，也可以接不定式。
worthwhile和worth雖均有“值得的”意思，worth只作表語，用于be worth sth.短語中，如：It's worth the trouble.麻煩一點(diǎn)值得。This watch is worth this much money.這 塊手表值這么多錢；而worthwhile意為“值得一做的(worth doing)”，既可作表語，如：T hese results were not worthwhile. 也可用作定語。
rise 與 raise
這兩個詞雖不同義，但因意義上有聯(lián)系而易被混淆。rise 上升，上漲，起床，站立。含義較廣，總的意思是指依次上升，如自然界的日、月、星、霧、云的上升，人體從睡、跪、坐、躺等姿勢站立起來等。該詞為不及物動詞，其過去式與過去分詞分別是rose 和 risen。例如：The sun rises in the east and sets in the west. 日出于東而落于西。/ Prices rise every day in those countries. 那些國家里的物價天天上漲。 /The chairman rose from his chair. 看，主席從椅子上站了起來。 raise 及物動詞，其基本含義是“使升起來，舉起”，它的過去分詞和過去式都是raised。例如：Heavy rains raised the river. 暴雨使河水水位升高。/ We must raise the living standard of the people. 我們必須提高人民的生活水平。/ His speech raised my interest. 他的發(fā)言激起了我的興趣。與raise 常搭配的固定說法有：raise a subject 提出一個問題 / raise one's voice 提高嗓門 / raise a family 養(yǎng)家糊口 / raise money 籌款/raise price 提高價格/ raise one's spirits 打起精神。
goal 與 aim
goal 目的，目標(biāo)。常用于文學(xué)作品中，強(qiáng)調(diào)個人精心選定的目標(biāo)，含有不達(dá)目的不罷休、與困難拼搏的意思，該詞本身使人聯(lián)想到參加賽跑的人，他們必須跑到終點(diǎn)。goal 也指賽跑的終點(diǎn)。如：He sticks stubbornly to his goal of education reform. 他不屈不撓地堅持他的奮斗目標(biāo)——教育改革。/ His goal in life is to become a writer. 他一生的目標(biāo)就是成為一個作家。 aim 目的，目標(biāo)。呈單數(shù)形式時，指目標(biāo)，但較 goal 具體、簡單、近期，決心也稍弱。該詞修辭色彩也較樸素。呈復(fù)數(shù)形式時，指籠統(tǒng)的理想與目標(biāo)。如:What is your aim in working so hard? 你這樣拼命工作，圖的是什么? / She showed steadiness and courage in the pursuit of her aims. 她在追求自己的目標(biāo)時表現(xiàn)出堅定性與勇氣。
hurt injure harm 與 damage
1)hurt 普通用語，既可指肉體上的傷害，也可精神上，感情上的傷害。如：
The driver hurt himself badly in the accident.那位司機(jī)在那次事故中傷得很重。
注意：指肉體上的傷害時，hurt可與badly，slightly，seriously等連用；但如果指精神上的創(chuàng)傷，只能說very much/rather/deeply hurt。
2）injure比hurt正式，hurt多指傷痛，而injure則指損害健康，成就，容貌等，強(qiáng)調(diào)功能的損失。如：
A bullet injured his left eye.一顆子彈傷了他的左眼。
3）harm用于肉體或精神上的傷害均可，有時可指引起不安或不便，還可用于抽象事物，尤其是指不道德的事情，如：
Don't harm your eyes by reading in dim light.不要在昏暗的燈光下看書，以免損害眼睛。
4）damage主要指對于物的損害，強(qiáng)調(diào)對于價值，用途，外觀等所造成的損失，這種損失或因自然災(zāi)害所致，或因人為造成。如：
He damaged my car with a stone.他用石頭砸壞了我的汽車。
5）wound指槍傷，刀傷，刺傷等皮肉之傷，是出血的，嚴(yán)重的傷，特指戰(zhàn)場上受傷，它可以指肉體上的傷害，也可指人們精神上的創(chuàng)傷。如；
The bullet wounded his arm.子彈打傷了他的一只胳膊。
much too和too much
much too: much用在too之前加強(qiáng)語氣，該詞意思為“實(shí)在太，非常”，常用在形容詞和副詞前。例如：
It's much too cold here in winter,這兒冬天非常冷。
That book is much too dear. I don't want to buy it.那本書實(shí)在太貴，我不想買。
He drove the car much too fast.他車開得實(shí)在太快了。
too much:too用在much之前，說明“多”的程度。該詞意為“太多”，常用在不可數(shù)名詞前或動作名詞后。例如：
There's too much snow and ice in winter.冬天有太多的冰雪。
Watching TV too much is bad for your health.看電視太多對身體不利。
live alive與living
意思都含“活的”。
living 用于生物時, 指“活著的”, 即可作定語也可做表語。如:
The living are more important to us than the dead. 對我們來說在世的人比去世的人更重要。
She has no living relatives. 她沒有還健在的親戚。
alive 指“活著的”、“在世的”, 著重于狀態(tài), 它只用作表語, 如:
The spy was caught alive though he died from wounds the next day. 特務(wù)被活捉, 不過第二天便因重傷而死。
live 只用于物, 指“活的”, 如:
a live rat
一只活鼠。
agree with ,agree on , agree to
agree on表示"就......取得一致意見"，如:
We all agree on (making) an early start. 我們一致同意及早出發(fā)。
agree with 表示"與......意見一致"，"與......相符"，后面既可以跟表示人的名詞或人稱代詞，也可以跟表示意見、看法的名詞或what引出的從句，如:
I agree with you without reservation. 我毫無保留地同意你的意見。
We agree with what you said just now. 我們同意你剛才所說的意見。
agree to后面不能接人,只能接"提議;計劃;方案"等詞句。
I agree to the terms proposed. 我同意擬議的條件。
include和contain
include表示一個整體由幾個部分組成，側(cè)重包括者只是整體的一部分。例如：The bill includes tax and service．
contain指一個整體包括的內(nèi)容，側(cè)重“內(nèi)有”的意思。例如：Try to avoid foods which contain a lot fat．
clothes和clothing
clothes泛指服裝，包括上、下裝，內(nèi)、外衣
clothing是衣著的總稱，無復(fù)數(shù)形式，如：man's clothing
huge/large/big區(qū)別
這三個形容詞都可以表示“大”。
big和 large所修飾的一般是具體事物。
big側(cè)重表示一個物體的塊頭、重量，含有龐大、笨重的意思，其反義詞是little;
large側(cè)重表示一個物體的寬度和數(shù)量，有廣闊和眾多的意思，其反義詞是 small。在現(xiàn)代口語中兩者可互換，big較為口語化，large比較正式。例如：
This is a big/large room.這是一個大房間。
big還可作“長大了的”解，large沒有這個意思。例如：
She is big enough to ride a bike.她長大了，足可以騎自行車了。
huge 是龐大的;巨大的意思。例如：
I have a huge pile of letters to deal with.
我有一大堆信件要處理。
special, particular, especial與peculiar
這四個詞都表示“特殊的”，“特別的”。
special“特別的”，“特殊的”，“特設(shè)的”，“專門的”，著重指某事物具有自己特有的性質(zhì)、性格或個性，非同一般的，不同尋常的，與同類明顯相異。常用介詞about,to等。例如：You must have special permission to photograph these paintings. 你必須有特別許可證才能拍照這些畫。It's not like ordinary photographs.There's something special about it.這不同于一般的照片，這張照片有一些獨(dú)特的地方。
particular“特別的”，“特殊的”，“某一特定的”，“過于講究的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)同類中某一個體所具有的獨(dú)特性質(zhì)，常用介詞about,as to,over,to等。例如：Bacteriology,in particular,microbiology had fascinated him. 細(xì)菌學(xué)，特別是微生物學(xué)使他陶醉。The manager is particular about quality. 經(jīng)理對質(zhì)量要求十分嚴(yán)格。
especial“特別的”，“特殊的”，含有優(yōu)越或偏好的意義，多用于書面語。例如：Oxford architecture receives especial attention. 牛津大學(xué)的建筑特別引人注目。She has no especial personal ambition. 她沒什么特別的個人奢望。
peculiar“特別的”，“獨(dú)特的”，“獨(dú)有的”，強(qiáng)調(diào)某一個體或某一集團(tuán)所獨(dú)有的或特有的、獨(dú)特的或與眾不同的，在同類事物中與其它相異而又非同尋常的。常用介詞about,in,to等。例如：Language is peculiar to mankind. 語言是人類特有的。There's something peculiar about him. 他這個人有點(diǎn)特別。
ordinary, common, general, popular和unive
ordinary“普通的”，“平常的”，“平凡的”，詞義與common相近。指符合一般或常規(guī)事物標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或相同的規(guī)格，因而只具有普通的特性。如：That is quite an ordinary event.那是件很平常的事。 The book describes the way of life of the ordinary people of Mexico. 這本書描述墨西哥平民的生活方式。
common“普通的”，“平常的”，“共有的”，指從質(zhì)量或品德上無特殊，顯眼或杰出之處，因而是大多數(shù)人或事物所具有的，常見的。如：It's an error quite common among scholars. 這是學(xué)者們常犯的錯誤。 It's too common to mention. 這是司空見慣的，不值一提。
general“一般的”，“普通的”，含有例外情況較少之意或暗示包括全部的同一范疇的事物。如：She referred to her trip in a general way. 她只是概括地談了下她的旅行情況。There is no general rule without some exception. 凡普通規(guī)律都有例外。
popular“常見的”，“普通的”，“大眾的”，“受歡迎的”，指屬于、存在于或代表大眾的某事物，強(qiáng)調(diào)常見的，大眾化的特征。如：He speaks in popular language. 他用通俗的語言講話。 He is popular for his kindness. 他因心地善良而受人愛戴。
universal “一般的”，“普通的”，“普遍的”，有完全沒有例外之意。如：It's the universal truth. 這是一名普遍的真理。There was universal recognizing at his victory. 人們普遍為他的勝利高興。
respond, answer和reply
respond“應(yīng)答”，“作出反應(yīng)”，往往指對號召、職責(zé)、請求等自發(fā)的或自覺的用書面或口頭作出反應(yīng)或響應(yīng)。如：He responded briefly to the questions. 他簡短扼要地回答了問題。 They declared that they responded with resolution to this statement.他們宣布響應(yīng)這個聲明。
answer回答，是使用最廣泛的詞，凡是書面或口頭回答問題爭論，指責(zé)等都可以用answer.回答可能同意、不同意，甚至反對。如：He asked me some personal questions and I did not answer him. 他問了我?guī)讉�私人問題，我沒有回答他。 The professor answered the question with a nod. 教授點(diǎn)頭示意，回答了這個問題。
reply “回答”，比answer正式，多用于書面語，主要指經(jīng)過考慮針對所提問題的內(nèi)容作出正式的回答或答復(fù)，所答復(fù)的內(nèi)容可能是一種解釋，也可能是一種反駁。如：For a moment, Arthur was at a loss how to reply it. 亞瑟一時不知如何回答這個問題。 Please reply at your earliest convenience. 請盡早回信。
intend,mean與design
這組動詞的一般含義是"意欲"或"打算"。
intend: 強(qiáng)調(diào)"意欲"做某一件確定的事，或者"決意"達(dá)到某一確定的目的。此外這個詞常用于表達(dá)"意欲"使某人從事某職業(yè)，或"打算"某物用作何種目的。
e.g. Erna intends to take short rests every two hours. 歐娜打算每隔兩小時休息片刻。
The dictionary is intended for the beginners. 這本詞典是為初學(xué)者編的。
mean: 常常可以和intend互換使用。但不強(qiáng)調(diào)決心達(dá)到某一目的。
e.g. He always meant to go back one day, but not to stay. 他總想某一天回去，但不住下。
design: 強(qiáng)調(diào)為達(dá)到某目的，事先作過精心安排和仔細(xì)考慮。此外，這個詞還包含"預(yù)謀" 、"策劃"或"以陰險的手段"達(dá)到自己的目的這一意義。
e.g. These peculiar forms not only seemed designed to shock people emotionally,
but to give them electric shocks as well!這些奇怪的造型設(shè)計，似乎不僅用來在感情上給人們以強(qiáng)烈的震撼，而且給人以電擊般的刺激。
Did you design this, or did it just happen itself? 這件事是你有意安排的還是它自行發(fā)生的?
wide和broad
二者均指寬闊的。兩詞雖時�；ビ�，但wide強(qiáng)調(diào)從一邊到另一邊的距離；broad強(qiáng)調(diào)兩邊之 間面積的廣大，尤指比一般的大，例如：A wide ocean separates America from Europe. 廣闊的大洋隔開美洲與歐洲。Ships sail on the broad ocean.船航行于廣袤無垠的大海上 。
注意：open one's eyes wide / one's broad shoulders
be familiar with 和be familiar to
familiar指對……熟悉的，后面可接介詞with或to，意義不同。
be familiar with, having a good knowledge of 熟悉的，對……熟諳的，例如：facts wi th which every schoolboy is familiar每位學(xué)童所熟悉的事實(shí)。/I am not very familia r with botanical names.我不太熟悉植物學(xué)方面的名詞。
be familiar to,sth be well known to sb.某事為某人所熟知，例如：These subjects a re familiar to you.這些科目為你所熟知。
affect, effect與influence
affect 首先可以指三種情況：①對某物或某事產(chǎn)生不良的影響，通常以被影響的詞作為賓語。例如：hot weather affects his health.炎熱的天氣影響了他的健康；②使之改動，使之變化，用于這層意思時沒有好壞的意思，例如：He wasn't affected by the news.他聽了這消息后無動于衷；③ 感動，例如：His speech affected the audience deeply.他的講話深深打動了觀眾。
effect 通常以改進(jìn)和變化之類的詞作賓語，著重造成一種特殊效果。
influence 的影響與上兩個不同，它是指通過勸說、行為、事例等對另一方的行為、性格、觀點(diǎn)產(chǎn)生潛移默化的影響，例如：What we read influences our thinking.我們閱讀的書本會影響我們的思想。
remain與stay
兩詞都有“停留”的意思，有時可通用。如：He will remain (stay) to dinner.他將留下來吃晚飯。兩詞作為連系動詞，表示“保持某一狀態(tài)”時，可以通用。如：The door remained (stayed) open.門繼續(xù)開著。remain著重指在別人已離去，或其他人或物都有變動以后，其主語“仍繼續(xù)停留”或“保持原來狀態(tài)”。它可以表示出一種對比的含義。如：The others had gone, he remained and put back the chairs.別人都離去后，他留下來把椅子放回原處。He has lived in France for two years. However, his French remains poor.他已在法國居住了兩年，但他的法語仍然很糟糕。stay無法表示這種對比。如：It's too hot outside. Why not stay at home and watch TV?外面太熱了。何不就呆在家里看電視呢?
表示“暫住(某處)……”，“客居(某地)”時，只能用stay。如：He stayed there for a couple of weeks.他在那里暫住了兩個星期。
as 和like
as 和like 一樣，都可以用作介詞。但是其意思卻不完全相同。like 意思是“像……一樣”，側(cè)重人或事物之間的比較。as 意思是“作為”，“如同”，側(cè)重人或事物的同一性，意味著屬于一類或完全相似。比較：Now, I'm talking to you like a father.現(xiàn)在我象父親一樣對你說話(說話的人不是父親)。Now, I'm talking to you as a father.現(xiàn)在我作為父親(以父親的身份)對你說話(說話的人是父親)。
又如：You are of a cool temper like your father.你脾氣冷靜得像你父親似的(指相似)。You are of a cool temper as your father.你的冷靜脾氣與你父親一樣(指程度相同)。
normal與regular
normal與regular都表示正常，區(qū)別在于：
normal指正常的，強(qiáng)調(diào)與一般情況差別很小的。如：The normal temperature of human body is about 37℃.人體的正常體溫大約是37℃。
regular指定期的，有規(guī)律的，如：You must keep regular hours.你生活要有規(guī)律。
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