考研英語復(fù)習(xí)題及答案：完型填空
【考研英語復(fù)習(xí)題及答案：完型填空1】
As former colonists of Great Britain，the Founding Fathers of the United States adopted much of the legal system of Great Britain. We have a“common law”，or law made by courts__1__a monarch or other central governmental__2__like a legislature. The jury，a__3__of ordinary citizens chosen to decide a case，is an__4__ part of our common-law system.
Use of juries to decide cases is a__5__feature of the American legal system. Few other countries in the world use juries as we do in the United States.__6__the centuries，many people have believed that juries in most cases reach a fairer and more just result__7__would be obtained using a judge__8__，as many countries do.__9__a jury decides cases after“__10__”，or discussions among a group of people，the jury‘s decision is likely to have the__11__ from many different people from different backgrounds，who must as a group decide what is right.
Juries are used in both civil cases，which decide__12__ among__13__ citizens，and criminal cases，which decide cases brought by the government __14__ that individuals have committed crimes. Juries are selected from the U.S. citizens and__15__. Jurors，consisting of __16__ numbers，are called for each case requiring a jury.
The judge__17__to the case__18__the selection of jurors to serve as the jury for that case. In some states，__19__jurors are questioned by the judge;in others，they are questioned by the lawyers representing the__20__under rules dictated by state law.
1. [A] other than [B] rather than [C] more than [D] or rather
2. [A] agency [B] organization [C] institution [D] authority
3. [A] panel [B] crew [C] band [D] flock
4. [A] innate [B] intact [C] integral [D] integrated
5. [A]discriminating[B] distinguishing [C] determining [D] diminishing
6. [A] in [B] by [C] after [D] over
7. [A] that [B] which [C] than [D] as
8. [A] alike [B] alone [C] altogether [D] apart
9. [A] Although [B] Because [C] If [D] While
10.[A] deliberations [B] meditations [C] reflections [D] speculations
11.[A] outline [B] outcome [C] input [D] intake
12.[A] arguments [B] controversies [C] disputes [D] hostilities
13.[A] fellow [B] individual [C] personal [D] private
14.[A] asserting [B] alleging [C] maintaining [D] testifying
15.[A] assembled [B] evoked [C] rallied [D] summoned
16.[A] set [B] exact [C] given [D] placed
17.[A] allocated [B] allotted [C] appointed [D] assigned
18.[A] administers [B] manages [C] oversees [D] presides
19.[A] inspective [B] irrespective [C] perspective [D] prospective
20.[A] bodies [B] parties [C] sides [D] units
答案
1. B 2. D 3. A 4. C 5. B 6. D 7.C 8.B 9. B 10. A
11. C 12. C 13.D 14.B 15. D 16. A 17. D 18. C 19. D 20. B
總體分析
本文介紹了美國(guó)的陪審團(tuán)制度。第一段指出，陪審團(tuán)是美國(guó)共同法系統(tǒng)的基本組成部分。第二段分析了使用陪審團(tuán)的原因。第三和四段分別介紹了陪審團(tuán)的類型和選舉程序。
全文翻譯
美國(guó)的建國(guó)之父?jìng)冏鳛榇笥⒌蹏?guó)的前殖民者沿襲了其法律系統(tǒng)。我們有“共同法”，即由法庭而非君主或其他像立法機(jī)關(guān)這樣的中央政府權(quán)利機(jī)關(guān)制定的法律。陪審團(tuán)由一群選來裁決案件的普通公民組成，是我們共同法系統(tǒng)基本的組成部分。
使用陪審團(tuán)裁決案件是美國(guó)法律系統(tǒng)的一個(gè)顯著特征。在世界上很少有其他國(guó)家和美國(guó)一樣使用陪審團(tuán)。幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來，許多人已經(jīng)相信在大多數(shù)情況下陪審團(tuán)比許多國(guó)家那樣單獨(dú)使用一位法官達(dá)成的結(jié)果更公平、公正。因?yàn)榕銓張F(tuán)裁決案件是在一群人“審議”或討論后，因此他們的決定可能受到不同背景的不同人的影響，這些人必須作為一個(gè)團(tuán)體來決定什么是正確的。
陪審團(tuán)既被用在裁決普通公民之間糾紛的民事案件中，也用在裁決政府提出訟訴聲稱個(gè)人犯罪的'刑事案件中。陪審團(tuán)成員從美國(guó)公民中選出并被傳喚。由固定人數(shù)組成的陪審團(tuán)在每一個(gè)需要陪審團(tuán)的案件中都會(huì)被召喚。
被指派負(fù)責(zé)案件的法官監(jiān)督陪審團(tuán)成員的選舉。在一些州，未來的陪審團(tuán)成員由法官詢問，而在另一些州，他們遵照州法律規(guī)定的法規(guī)接受代表各方當(dāng)事人的律師的詢問。
【考研英語復(fù)習(xí)題及答案：完型填空2】
Smoking may be a pleasure for some people. 1 ,it is a serious source of 2 for their fellows. Now medical authorities express their 3 about the effect of smoking 4 the health not only of those who smoke but also those who do not . 5 ,nonsmokers who must 6 inhale the air polluted by tobacco smoke may 7 more than the smokers themselves.
As you are 8 informed, a considerable number of students have 9 in a effort to 10 the university to 11 smoking in the classroom. I believe they are 12 right in their aim. However, I would hope that it is 13 to achieve this by calling 14 the smokers to use good judgment and show concern for other 15 than by regulation.
Smoking is 16 by city bylaws in theatres and in halls used for showing films as well as in laboratories where there may be a fire hazard. 17 , it is up to you good 18 .
I am therefore asking you to 19 “No smoking” in the auditoriums, classrooms and seminar rooms. This will prove that you have the nonsmoker’s health and well-being 20 ,which is very important to a large number of our students.
1. A. HenceB. HoweverC. Anyway D. Furthermore
2. A. joyB. discomfortC. convenienceD. relief
3. A. considerationB. attentionC. belief D. concern
4. A. againstB. forC. inD. on
5. A. In consequenceB. On the other handC. In factD. After all
6. A. instinctivelyB. instantlyC. spontaneouslyD. reluctantly
7. A. sufferB. subjectC. submitD. sustain
8. A. certainB. sureC. doubtlessD. right
9. A. enteredB. joinedC. attendedD. involved
10. A. reasonB. persuade C. argueD. suggest
11. A. stopB. objectC. banD. prevent
12. A. entirelyB. likelyC. generallyD. possibly
13. A. likelyB. probableC. properD. possible
14. A. outB. forC. onD. up
15. A. ratherB. betterC. moreD. other
16. A. prohibitedB. protectedC. reservedD. cleared
17. A. FurthermoreB. ConsequentlyC. NeverthelessD. Elsewhere
18. A. ideaB. dutyC. senseD. responsibility
19. A. persistB. maintainC. stickD. adhere
20. A. in mindB. in headC. in heartD. in memory
參考答案及解析：
1. 【答案】B. However
【解析】本題測(cè)試邏輯搭配. however 然而，正合題意。hence 因此;anyway(=in any case, at any rate) 無論如何;furthermore 而且，此外。根據(jù)邏輯意思應(yīng)選 B. However。
2. 【答案】B. discomfort
【解析】本題測(cè)試邏輯型詞義搭配. 從上文意思看，上句有pleasure 一詞，however 表示語氣轉(zhuǎn)折，可見后面應(yīng)選 discomfort, 形成對(duì)照。
3. 【答案】D. concern
【解析】本題測(cè)試詞義搭配. express one’s concern about(or for, over)表達(dá)對(duì)….的關(guān)心，顧慮：1)He didn’t show much concern about (or for) it.
2) The Prime Minister expressed his concern over the strike that had lasted for two months or so.
consideration 考慮，思考：1) Your proposal is now under consideration. (你的建議正在考慮中。) 2) You should take these facts into consideration.
attention 注意：pay attention to, give attention to, devote attention to, draw attention to (吸引對(duì)…..的注意)，attract one’s attention(吸引某人的注意力)。
belief (in) 相信，信賴：I have great belief in his ability to succeed. 可見，consideration, attention 與 belief 均不切題。
4. 【答案】D. on
【解析】本題測(cè)試結(jié)構(gòu)搭配. The effect of smoking on the health 吸煙對(duì)健康的影響。
5. 【答案】C. In fact
【解析】本題測(cè)試邏輯搭配.in fact 事實(shí)上，實(shí)際上。從上下文的意思來看，正合題意。in consequence 因此，on the other hand 另一方面，after all 畢竟，均不符合題意。
6. 【答案】D. reluctantly
【解析】本題測(cè)試詞義搭配. reluctantly 勉強(qiáng)的;instinctively 本能的，天生的;spontaneously 自發(fā)地;instantly 立即。可見，reluctantly 正合題意。
7. 【答案】A. suffer
【解析】本題測(cè)試詞義搭配. suffer vt./vi. 遭受，受到;正合題意。subject…to 使……受到…..：He was subjected to severe criticism.
submit vt. 1) 提交：We have submitted your request to the committee. 2) (與to 連用) vt./vi. 服從，聽任：I refuse to submit (myself) to his control.
sustain vt. 1) 支撐: These two posts sustain the whole roof. 2) 經(jīng)受，承受：She sustained a great loss in the death of her husband. 從上下文的邏輯意思和詞義搭配來看，suffer 是正確的選擇。
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