計(jì)算機(jī)等級(jí)考試：決勝四級(jí)簡(jiǎn)答（4）
Last year#39;s economy in the United States should have won the Oscar（奧斯卡獎(jiǎng)） for best picture. Growth in gross domestic product was 4.1 percent; profits soared up; exports flourished; and inflation （通貨膨脹）stayed around 3 percent for the third year. So why did so many Americans give the picture only a B rating? The answer is jobs. The macroeconomic（宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)的） situation was good, but the microeconomic(微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)的) numbers were not. Yes, 3 million new jobs were there, but not enough of them were permanent, good jobs paying enough to support a family.Job insecurity was not good. Even as they announced higher sales and profits, corporations acted as if they were in a loss, cutting 516,069 jobs in 1994 alone, almost as many as in the bad year of 1991.
? Yes, unemployment went down. But over 1 million workers were so discouraged they left the labor force. More than 6 million who wanted full?time work were only partially employed; and another large group was either sheltered behind self?employment. We lost a million good manufacturing jobs between 1990 and 1995, continuing the trend that has reduced the blue collar work force from about 30 percent in the 1950s to about half that today.
? White collar workers found out they were no longer secure. In 1995, for the first time, they were let go in numbers virtually equal to those for blue collar workers. Many turn to temporary work—with lower pay, fewer benefits and less status. All this is a country where people meeting for the first time say, “What do you do?”?
Questions:
1. What is the economic problem facing United States??
2. What is the meaning of the word “soar” in Paragraph One? ?
3. What are the two problems a newly?employed will be most likely to find? ?
4. For the last four decades, who have been more vulnerable(易受影響的) to unemployment?
5. What does “those” in Paragraph three refer to??
答案部分
短文大意
?本文主要談?wù)撁绹?guó)的就業(yè)形勢(shì)。美國(guó)去年的經(jīng)濟(jì)繁榮，各項(xiàng)經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)都呈良好勢(shì)頭，但許多美國(guó)人并不看好它。其原因就出在就業(yè)上。盡管宏觀經(jīng)濟(jì)形勢(shì)良好，但微觀經(jīng)濟(jì)指標(biāo)并不樂(lè)觀。雖然失業(yè)減少了，可藍(lán)領(lǐng)階層找不到稱心的工作；白領(lǐng)階層的工作也不再那么穩(wěn)定。?
1.【參考答案】 unemployment
?【解題技巧】 讀懂句子言下之意。
?【詳細(xì)解答】 第一段中The answer is jobs就是我們要找的`答案。jobs工作問(wèn)題實(shí)則指unemployment 。
?2.【參考答案】 Increase.
?【解題技巧】 通過(guò)上下文判斷詞義。
?【詳細(xì)解答】 作者在第一段排列了四項(xiàng)經(jīng)濟(jì)好轉(zhuǎn)的原因。經(jīng)濟(jì)好轉(zhuǎn)，利潤(rùn)(profit)當(dāng)然也上升。
?3.【參考答案】 The job is not permanent and the pay is not enough.
?【解題技巧】 關(guān)鍵在審題。
?【詳細(xì)解答】 答案在第一段中部new jobs…not enough of them were permanent, good jobs paying enough 。
?4.【參考答案】 Blue collar workers.
?【解題技巧】 利用相關(guān)信息作比較。
?【詳細(xì)解答】 文章中只提到blue collar workers和white collar workers。根據(jù)第二段末和第三段信息比較兩者就得出答案。
?5.【參考答案】 Number.
?【解題技巧】 代詞指代前面剛出現(xiàn)過(guò)的名詞。
?【詳細(xì)解答】 回答代詞指代一類(lèi)題，我們應(yīng)該是輕松自如了。 http://www.ardmore-hotel.com/
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