2014年廣東高考英語高頻考點(diǎn)模擬題及答案
I 語言知識(shí)及應(yīng)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)
第一節(jié) 完形填空(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)
閱讀下面短文，掌握其大意，然后從1~15各題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
Ernest Hemingway probably made the best conclusion when he said , “ All modern American literature comes from one book by Mark Twain called Huckleberry Finn。” First published in 1885, Adventures of Huckleberry Finn is now 1 to be one of the Great American Novels. However, the book was once labeled offensive by some readers. It was even banned in schools for its 2 of the word “nigger”， which was regarded as a sign of racism . But on the contrary, the novel is in fact against 3 . In the book, Twain 4 the character of Jim, a runaway slave who convinces Huck that African-Americans are 5 the freedom, and that equality is a goal for which we all should be fighting.
Mark Twain wrote Adventures of Huckleberry Finn twenty years after the American Civil War. Slavery had been abolished, the North and South were 6 , and America regained peace. So why publish a tale about a system that was no longer in 7 ? Weren’t race issues a meaningless point once slavery was out of the picture?
Although the Emancipation Proclamation (《解放宣言》) had been signed over two decades before Huckleberry Finn’s original publication date, African-Americans everywhere were still 8 of oppression and racism. Freedom didn’t mean equality by any means-not legally, socially, or practically. Actually, this isn’t an outdated idea at all. Rules and laws often don’t 9 reflect what’s really going on. From a legal standpoint today, we have equality of race, yet racism is still a problem. Men and women are 10 , yet many still see a “glass ceiling” for women in the workplace, meaning they often have unseen 11 to advancement。
That doesn’t mean laws are 12 . Laws may not immediately lead to change, but we’ve seen that they do 13 how people act and change the way we think. We can’t rely on laws alone. We need people like Mark Twain to 14 us not to be self-congratulatory (自鳴得意) for starting a process, but instead to realize that greater change is always 15 。
1. A. considered B. praised C. translated D. Discovered
2. A. explanation B. use C. understanding D. Example
3. A. war B. ignorance C. separation D. Slavery
4. A. wrote B. created C. described D. Expressed
5. A. deserving B. enjoying C. limiting D. Respecting
6. A. standing up B. making up C. turning up D. waking up
7. A. reality B. advance C. place D. Sight
8. A. viewers B. witnesses C. victims D. Competitors
9. A. probably B. extremely C. eventually D. Accurately
10. A. powerful B. equal C. enthusiastic D. Similar
11. A. boundaries B. approaches C. choices D. Adventures
12. A. endless B. speechless C. careless D. Useless
13. A. arrange B. affect C. determine D. Record
14. A. force B. persuade C. require D. Remind
15. A. acceptable B. effective C. necessary D. positive
第二節(jié) 語法填空 (共10小題 ，每小題1.5分，滿分15分)
閱讀下面短文，按照句子結(jié)構(gòu)的語法性和上下文連貫的要求，在空格處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~或使用口號(hào)中詞語的正確形式填空，并將答案填寫在答題卡標(biāo)號(hào)為16~25的相應(yīng)位置上。
A London-based translation firm is offering parents-to-be the chance to check the meaning of prospective baby names in other languages to avoid causing their offspring future __16__ (embarrass)。
Celebrity couple Tom Cruise and Katie Holmes might have thought twice about naming __17__ daughter Suri if they __18__(know) that it means “pickpocket” in Japanese, “turn sour” in French, and “horse mackerel” in Italian, suggests Today Translations。
__19__1000 pounds ( $ 1 678 )， the company’ s linguists will carry out a “basic name translation audit” of names，__20__(check) their meaning in 100 languages, or more for an additional cost。
While open to everyone, the firm said __21__ expects the service is likely to attract celebrity clients, who are known for giving their babies unusual names。
[次頁標(biāo)題= 導(dǎo)航短標(biāo)題=]
Other names of celebrities’ babies it has checked include Kai Rooney, the name of the newborn son of English soccer player Wayne Rooney，__22__ means “probably” in Finnish, “pier” in Estonian, and “stop it” in the west African language of Yoruba。
__23__ musicians Gwen Stefani and Gavin Rossdale may have known Zuma meant “peace” in Arabic when __24__(choose) their son’ s name, they may not have been aware it also translates as “Lord frowns in anger” in the Aztec language of Nahuatl。
However, some unusual name choices of celebrities’ babies are beyond easy translation, the company admits，such as Jermajesty —-—25— name of
II 閱讀 (共兩節(jié);滿分50分)
第一節(jié) 閱讀理解 (共20小題;每小題2分，滿分40分)
閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。
A
The practice of magic includes special words, actions, and objects. Most magic involves a person called a magician, who claims to have supernatural powers.
Magic words. To work most magic, the magician sings or speaks special words in a certain order. These words are called incantations or spells. Some spells form prayers to demons(魔鬼)， spirits, or other supernatural forces. Many societies believe the magic will not work unless the magician recites the spells perfectly. Other magic words have no meaning, though they supposedly possess power when spoken by a magician。
Magic actions accompany the words spoken in performing much magic. Many of these movements act out the desired effect of the magic. For example, a magician trying to make rain fall may sprinkle(灑) water on the ground. The magician's combined words and actions form a ceremony。
Magic objects include certain plants, stones, and other things with supposed supernatural powers. Any such object may be called a fetish(物神). But this term often refers to an object—for example, a carving or a dried snake—honored by a tribe for its magic powers. Many tribes believe fetishes have magic power because spirits live in these objects。
Many people carry magic objects called amulets(護(hù)身符)to protect themselves from harm. Many amulets are stones or rings engraved(雕刻) with magic symbols。
The magician. In some societies, nearly everyone knows how to work some magic. In other societies, only experts practice magic. Magicians may be called medicine men, medicine women, shamans, sorcerers, or witch doctors. In many societies, magicians must inherit their powers. In others, any person may become a magician by studying the magical arts。
Many societies believe magicians must observe certain rules and taboos (forbidden actions) for their spells to work. For example, they may be required not to eat various foods or to avoid sexual activity for a certain period before the ceremony。
26.What do magic words mean to people in some society?
A.They have the power to kill devils。
B.They have power if magician recites the right spells。
C.They have no effect at all.
D.They can be used whenever they want.
27.People believe magic actions will have an effect if they are accompanied by________。
A.the spells
B.magic objects
C.stones or rings engraved with magic symbols
D.medicine
28.Why do many people believe in a fetish?
A.Because it is often a ring which is worth a lot of money.
B.Because it is carved with magic symbols.
C.Because people think spirits live in it.
D.Because it can help them with many things.
29.According to the passage what kind of person can become a magician?
A.Only those studying the magical arts.
B.Only those inheriting their powers。
C.Only men。
D.Almost all the people in some societies。
30.What's the best title of the passage?
A.How Magic Works
B.The Power of Magic
C.How to Practice Magic
D.The Choice of Magicians
The number of speakers of English in Shakespeare's time is estimated(估計(jì)) to have been about five million. Today it is estimated that some 260 million people speak it as a native language, mainly in the United States, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, South Africa, Australia and New Zealand. In addition to the standard varieties of English found in these areas, there are a great many regional and social varieties of the language as well as various levels of usage that are employed both in its spoken and written forms。
In fact, it is impossible to estimate the number of people in the world who have acquired an adequate(足夠的) working knowledge of English in addition to their own languages. The purpose for English learning and the situations in which such learning takes place are so varied that it is difficult to explain and still more difficult to judge what forms an adequate working knowledge for each situation。
The main reason for the widespread demand for English is its present-day importance as a world language. Besides serving the indefinite needs of its native speakers, English is a language in which some of important works in science, technology, and other fields are being produced, and not always by native speakers. It is widely used for such purposes as meteorological and airport communications, international conferences, and the spread of information over the radio and television networks of many nations. It is a language of wider communication for a number of developing countries, especially former British colonies. Many of these countries have multilingual populations and need a language for internal communication in such matters as government, commerce, industry, law and education as well as for international communication and for entrance to the scientific and technological developments in the West.
31.What would be the best title for this passage?
[次頁標(biāo)題= 導(dǎo)航短標(biāo)題=]
A.The Difficulties of Learning English
B.International Communications
C.The Standard Varieties of English
D.English as a World Language
32.Which of the following statements is NOT true?
A.Some 260 million people in the world have an adequate working knowledge of English.
B.There are some 260 million native speakers of English in the world.
C.It is almost impossible to estimate the number of people with an adequate working knowledge of English。
D.People learn English for a variety of reasons.
33.According to the passage, what is the main reason for the widespread use of English?
A.It was popular during Shakespeare's time.
B.It is used in former British colonies.
C.It serves the needs of its native speakers.
D.It is a world language that is used for international communication.
34.What forms an adequate working knowledge of English?
A.The ability to read a newspaper.
B.It is difficult to judge because it differs for each situation。
C.Being a multilingual.
D.Being a native speaker.
35.What type of developing countries would be most likely to use English?
A.Those geographically close to the United States.
B.Those interested in the culture of the United States.
C.Former colonies of Great Britain.
D.Countries where international conferences are held。
C
People from East Asia tend to have more difficulty than those from Europe in distinguishing facial expressions — and a new report published online in Current Biology explains why.
Rachael Jack, University of Glasgow researcher, said that rather than scanning evenly(均勻的.) across a face as Westerners do, Easterners fix their attention on the eyes.
"We show that Easterners and Westerners look at different face features to read facial expressions," Jack said. "Westerners look at the eyes and the mouth in equal measure, whereas Easterners favor the eyes and neglect (忽略) the mouth. "
According to Jack and her colleagues, the discovery shows that human communication of emotion is more complex than previously believed. As a result, facial expressions that had been considered universally recognizable cannot be used to reliably convey emotion in cross-cultural situations.
The researchers studied cultural differences in the recognition of facial expressions by recording the eye movements of 13 Western Caucasian and 13 East Asian people while they observed pictures of. expressive faces and put them into categories: happy, sad, surprised, fearful, disgusted, angry, or neutral. They compared how accurately participants read those facial expressions using their particular eye movement strategies.
It turned out that Easterners focused much greater attention on the eyes and made significantly more errors than did Westerners. "The cultural difference in eye movements that they show is probably a reflection of cultural difference in facial expressions," Jack said. "Our data suggest that whereas Westerners use the whole face to convey emotion, Easterners use the eyes more and mouth less. "
In short, the data show that facial expressions are not universal signals of human emotion. From here on, examining how cultural factors have diversified these basic social skills will help our understanding of human emotion. Otherwise, when it comes to communicating emotions across cultures, Easterners and Westerners will find themselves lost in translation.
36. The discovery shows that Westerners .
A. pay equal attention to the eyes and the mouth
B. consider facial expressions universally reliable
C. observe the eyes and the mouth in different ways
D. have more difficulty in recognizing facial expressions
37. What were the people asked to do in the study?
A. To make a face at each other. B. To get their faces impressive.
C. To classify some face pictures. D. To observe the researchers' faces.
38. What does the underlined word "they" in Paragraph 6 refer to?
A. The participants in the study.
B. The researchers of the study.
C. The errors made during the study.
D. The data collected from the study.
39. In comparison with Westerners, Easterners are likely to .
A. do translation more successfully
B. study the mouth more frequently
C. examine the eyes more attentively
D. read facial expressions more correctly
40. What can be the best title for the passage?
A. The Eye as the Window to the Soul
B. Cultural Differences in Reading Emotions
C. Effective Methods to Develop Social Skills
D. How to Increase Cross-cultural Understanding
D
I'm usually fairly skeptical about any research that concludes that people are either happier or unhappier or more or less certain of themselves than they were 50 years ago. While any of these statements might be true, they are practically impossible to prove scientifically. Still, I was struck by a report which concluded that today's children are significantly more anxious than children in the 1950s. In fact, the analysis showed, normal children aged 9 to 17 exhibit a higher level of anxiety today than children who were treated for mental illness 50 years ago。
[次頁標(biāo)題= 導(dǎo)航短標(biāo)題=]
Why are America's kids so stressed? The report cites two main causes: increasing physical isolation(隔離) brought on by high divorce rates and less involvement in community, among other things and a growing perception that the world is a more dangerous place。
Considering that we_can't_turn_the_clock_back,_adults can still do plenty to help the next generation。
At the top of the list is nurturing(培育) a better appreciation of the limits of individualism. No child is an island. Strengthening social ties helps build communities and protect individuals against stress。
To help kids build stronger connections with others, you can pull the plug on TVs and computers. Your family will thank you later. They will have more time for face-to-face relationships, and they will get more sleep。
Limit the amount of virtual(虛擬的) violence your children are exposed to. It's not just video games and movies; children see a lot of murder and crime on the local news。
Keep your expectations for your children reasonable. Many highly successful people never attended Harvard or Yale。
Make exercise part of your daily routine. It will help you cope with your own anxieties and provide a good model for your kids. Sometimes anxiety is unavoidable. But it doesn't have to ruin your life。
41.According to the analysis, compared with normal children today, children treated as mentally ill 50 years ago ________。
A.probably suffered less from anxiety
B.were considered less individualistic
C.were less isolated physically
D.were probably less self-centered
42.What does the author mean by saying “we can't turn the clock back” in the third paragraph?
A.It's impossible to forget the past.
B.The social reality children are facing cannot be forgotten。
C.It's impossible to slow down the pace of change。
D.Lessons learned from the past should not be forgotten。
43.The author thinks that the conclusions of any research about people's state of mind are ________。
A.illogical B.confusing
C.surprising D.Questionable
44.Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?
A.To children, anxiety is completely avoidable。
B.TV and computer play an important role in isolating children from the real world。
C.Exercise does not help to lessen children's anxiety。
D.Sometimes local news about crime and murder also affects children a little。
45.The first and most important thing parents should do to help their children is________。
A.to lower their expectations for them
B.to set a good model for them to follow
C.to get them more involved socially
D.to improve them with a safer environment
第二節(jié) 信息匹配(共5小題;每小題2分，滿分10分)
閱讀下列應(yīng)用文及相關(guān)信息，并按照要求匹配信息。請(qǐng)?jiān)诖痤}卡上將對(duì)應(yīng)題號(hào)的相應(yīng)選項(xiàng)字母涂黑。
首先，請(qǐng)閱讀以下各類網(wǎng)站的信息：
A. www.bbc.co.uk--- the latest information about Britain and from around the world is just a click away at this site. Contains separate section for education, film, sport and business to give the most up-to-date news about any topic as it happens. And best of all, all online services are free!
B. www.chinablog.com --- this is the perfect site for anyone interested about what people in China are thinking about today. Chinablog already hosts the weblogs (blogs-opinion web pages that allow readers to also post comments about the article featured) of over 50,000 people and is growing every day. For a monthly fee of $10 join chinablog and share your opinions with the world。
C. www. alternet.com --- this is a new news and current affairs website containing articles from over 80 different progressive news web-sites from around the world. If you think the major media outlets are not giving you the full story then surf over to altennet.com to find out what's really going on in the world. And if you don't agree with what we say feel free to post a comment saying why。
D. www.youtube. com --- is a website containing literally millions of video clips posted by the site's users. The videos range from people personal home movies to clips from the latest TV show, news reports, and sports events. Viewing video clips is totally free of charge but to upload your own videos registration (also free) is required. Use the site's powerful search engine to find whatever you're looking for in seconds。
E. www, chinadaily.com.cn---The website of China's official English language national newspaper, chinadaily.com.cn has all the stories you will find in China Daily plus much, much more. There are sections on sport, traveling in China, entertainment and news plus our free archives (檔案) allows you to search for any article that we have published in the last 10 years。
F. www.myspace.com --- is a free social networking website that allows member to get to know each other and communicate through combination of photos, web blogs, user profiles, e-mail, web forums, and groups, as well as other media formats. My Space is a very active site with over 10 million members, and additions and new features are being added all the time。
請(qǐng)閱讀下列人物的信息，然后匹配人物與其擬選擇的網(wǎng)站;
46. Jessie was out last night and missed the big football match that was shown on TV. He already knows the result of the match but he would like to see the highlights of the game online。
47. Robert is a university student studying political science and has a great interest in news and politics from around the world. However, he feels that mainstream news sources do not provide balance analysis of most of these stories so he is looking for a site with a different perspective(角度) where he can also voice his own opinions about the topics discussed。
48. Killah is a student planning to travel to China in the summer and wants to find out more about the country, its people and interesting places to visit. Being on a limited budget ,however, he has no money spare to pay for this kind of information。
49. Jordan is a business analyst with a large financial company. In order to write a report for the general manager he needs the latest data about the performance of the London Stock Exchange。
50. Bluey is a man of many opinions and is interested in what people think about his ideas. He therefore wants to start his own blog where he can tell the world what he thinks and where he can get feedback on his ideas from the readers. However, Bluey is currently unemployed so he can't afford to play for the privilege。
�、� 寫作 (共兩節(jié)，滿分40分)
第一節(jié) 基礎(chǔ)寫作 (共1小題;滿分15分)
中國改革開放后，經(jīng)濟(jì)建設(shè)得以快速發(fā)展，人民生活水平得到不斷提高。
[寫作內(nèi)容]
請(qǐng)參照下面表格內(nèi)容，以 “My Father's Chinese Dream”為題， 寫一篇英語短文。
上世紀(jì)60年代 改革開放后
痛苦的記憶是饑餓，最大的夢(mèng)想就是能填飽肚子。
抓住了機(jī)會(huì)，努力學(xué)習(xí)，考上了一所名牌大學(xué)，夢(mèng)想就是畢業(yè)后，能成為一名工程師。
生活在偏僻的農(nóng)村，貧窮落后，交通不便，信息閉塞。緊跟時(shí)代， 在深圳一家科技公司工作，有車有房，還有一個(gè)舒適的家。
結(jié)論：如果所有的中國人民的夢(mèng)想成真，中華民族的偉大復(fù)興的夢(mèng)想一定會(huì)實(shí)現(xiàn)。
注意：1. 不要按照表格中的內(nèi)容逐句翻譯;
2. 可以適當(dāng)增添合乎情理的過渡性語言。
[寫作要求]
只能用5個(gè)句子表達(dá)全部?jī)?nèi)容。
[評(píng)分標(biāo)準(zhǔn)]
句子結(jié)構(gòu)準(zhǔn)確，信息內(nèi)容完整，篇章連貫。
參考詞匯： 中國改革開放政策 China's reform and opening policy 中華民族的偉大復(fù)興the great revival of the Chinese nation
第二節(jié) 讀寫任務(wù)(共1小題;滿分25分)
閱讀下面短文，然后按要求寫一篇150詞左右的英語短文。
There are two factors which determine an individual’s intelligence. The first is sort of brain he is born with. Human brains differ considerable, some being more capable than others. But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with, an individual will have a low intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn. So the second factor is what happens to the individual—the sort of the environment in which he is brought up. If an individual is handicapped(受阻礙) environmentally, it is likely that his brain will stop to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable。
The importance of environment in determining an individual’s intelligence can be proved by the identical twins, Peter and John. When the twins were three months old, their parents died, and they were placed in separate foster(寄養(yǎng)) homes. Peter was reared by parents of low intelligence in an isolated community with poor educational opportunities. John, however, was educated in the home well-to-do parents who had been to college. This environmental difference continued until the twins were in their late teens, when they were given tests to measure their intelligence. John’s IQ was 125, twenty-five points higher than the average and fully forty points higher than his brother。
[寫作內(nèi)容]
1)以約30個(gè)詞概括短文的要點(diǎn);
2)然后以約120個(gè)詞就“環(huán)境與人的智力發(fā)展”的主題發(fā)表看法，并包括如下要點(diǎn)：
a)你是否贊同“環(huán)境決定智力的發(fā)展”這一觀點(diǎn)?為什么?
b)請(qǐng)舉出具體事例說明你的觀點(diǎn);
c)你認(rèn)為如何才能最大限度地發(fā)展智力?
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