2016年英語六級(jí)基礎(chǔ)語法知識(shí)
英語六級(jí)考試中,語法知識(shí)點(diǎn)貫穿整張?jiān)嚲。下面是小編整理的語法知識(shí),希望對(duì)大家有所幫助。
alive/live/living
、 lively 有“活潑的、快活的、生動(dòng)的”等意思,可以指人或物,可作定語或標(biāo)語;但它沒有“活著的”意思,而其他三個(gè)都有。
如:
young children are usually lively.
小孩子們通常是活潑的'。
he told a very lively story.
他講了一個(gè)生動(dòng)的故事。
⑵alive、live、living都有“活的、有生命的”意思,與dead意義相反。但live通常只作前置定語,且一般用于動(dòng)物;alive、living不僅可作定語(alive只能置于名詞后;living一般置于名詞前,也可置于名詞后),也可以作表語。
如:
this is a live(=living) fish.(=this is a fish alive.)
這是一條活魚。(指動(dòng)物,且作定語時(shí),三者均可用)
who’s the greatest man alive(=living man)?
誰是當(dāng)今最偉大的人物?(指人,不能用live)
the fish is still alive(=living)
那條魚還活著。(指動(dòng)物作表語時(shí)不能用live)。
⑶living主要指在某個(gè)時(shí)候是活著的,而alive指本來有死的可能,但仍活著的。而且,作主語補(bǔ)足語或賓語補(bǔ)足語時(shí),只能用alive;作比喻義(如“活像。。。”、“活生生的”等)解時(shí),要用living。
如:
the enemy officer was caught alive.(作主語補(bǔ)足語,不用living)
那位敵方軍官被活捉了。
we found the snake alive.(作賓語補(bǔ)足語,不用living)
he is the living image of his father.(比喻義,不用alive)
他活象他父親。
、戎挥衛(wèi)iving前加the方可表示“活著的人”,作主語時(shí),視作復(fù)數(shù)。
如:
the living are more important to us than the dead.
活著的人對(duì)我們來說比死去的人更重要。
besides/but/except
(1) besides與except
前者表示"除...以外,還有...";后者表示"從整體中除去..."
這個(gè)大家都知道,就不舉例子了.
(2)except與except for
a.除去的和非除去的是同類事物,用except
eg:
all the essays are well written except nelson’s.
nelson的文章(除去的)和all the essays(非除去的)是同類事物,所以用except.
b.除去的和非除去的不是同類事物,用except for,并且從語氣上通常表示遺憾.
eg:his essay is well written except for a few spelling mistakes.
a few spelling mistakes(除去的)和his essay(非除去的)是不同類的事物.
(3)apart from 具有多重意義:既可表示besides,也可以表示exept或exept for,還可以表示without的意思
eg:
apart from the cost,it will take a lot of time.(=besides)
the orphan had no one to take care of him apart from his uncle.(=except)
he has done good work,apart from a few slight faults.(=except for)
there can be no knowledge apart from practice.實(shí)踐出真知.(=without)
(4)excepting =except,但一般用于句首或用于not,without,always等詞之后
eg:
excepting his brother,they are all right.
everyone,not excepting myself,must share the blame.
all of us,without excepting those who know more about the subject,should study.
all my brothers com here every day,always excepting the youngest.
(5)but與except同義,但but多用在every,any,no等和由這些詞構(gòu)成的復(fù)合詞如everything,anywhere,nobody等詞以后及all,none之后
eg:
the children go to school everyday but sunday.
they are all gone but me.
you can get the book anywhere but here.
there is no one but me.
who but george would do such a thing?
many,old和far
1) 如果后接名詞時(shí), much more +不可數(shù)名詞
many more +可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)
2) old 有兩種比較級(jí)和最高級(jí)形式: older/oldest 和elder/eldest。 elder,eldest 只用于兄弟姐妹的長幼關(guān)系。
My elder brother is an engineer.
Mary is the eldest of the three sisters.
3) far 有兩種比較級(jí),farther,further. 在英語中兩者都可指距離。
在美語中,father 表示距離,further表示進(jìn)一步。
I have nothing further to say.
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