2015年12月大學(xué)英語六級翻譯預(yù)測練習(xí)
2015年12月英語六級翻譯話題預(yù)測：中國貨幣
【翻譯原文】
中國是世界上最早使用貨幣(currency)的國家之一。中國古代使用的主要貨幣類型是銅錢(coppercoin)。從秦朝統(tǒng)一各國到清朝末期，圓形方孔的硬幣取代了所有先秦貨幣，成為中國貨幣的主要形式。然而，各個朝代使用的貨幣體系不盡相同。紙幣(banknote)最早出現(xiàn)于宋朝，元、明、淸時期廣泛使用。貨幣與每個歷史時期的.社會、經(jīng)濟和政治制度密切相關(guān)。從漢唐時期起，中國的銅錢和紙幣開始被各個鄰國復(fù)制。大約同期，外幣流人中國，刺激了國際商業(yè)經(jīng)濟的發(fā)展。
【參考譯文】
China was one of the world's pioneers in usingcurrency.Copper coin was the main type of currencyused in ancient China.Round coins with square holesreplaced all pre-Qin currencies and became thedominant form of Chinese currency from theunification of China in the Qin Dynasty to the end of the Qing Dynasty. However, variousmonetary systems were used throughout the dynasties. Banknote first emerged in the SongDynasty, and was widely circulated in the Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties.Currencies developedclosely with the social,economic and political systems in each historical period. Since the Han andTang Dynasties, Chinese copper coins and banknote began to be copied by various neighboringstates.About the same time, foreign currencies flowed into China, stimulating the developmentof an international commercial economy.
1.中國古代使用的主要貨幣類型是銅錢：該句的主干是“主要貨幣類型是銅錢”。翻譯時，可把“中國古代使用的”譯為過去分詞短語，作后罝定語。故該句譯為Cooper coin was the main type of currency used in ancient China.
2.圓形方孔的硬幣取代了所有先秦錢幣：其中“圓形方孔”可譯為round coins with square holes，故該句整體譯為Round coins with square holes replaced all pre-Qin currencies.
3.中國錢幣的主要形式：其中“主要的”可用dominant表達(dá)，故該處整體譯為the dominant form of Chinese currency.
4.出現(xiàn)：可譯為emerge或appear，turn up，arise等。
5.廣泛使用：即“廣泛地流通”。該處翻譯時應(yīng)使用被動語態(tài)，譯為was widely circulated.
6.大約同期：可譯為About the same time.
2015年12月英語六級翻譯話題預(yù)測：環(huán)境與工業(yè)化
【翻譯原文】
中國是發(fā)展中國家中的大國，其工業(yè)化正在快速發(fā)展，環(huán)境問題也變得日益嚴(yán)峻，因此環(huán)境保護被國家視為一項基本國策。近年來，國家采取了很多措施來加強環(huán)境治理，如建立了世界著名的生態(tài)工程“三北防護林工程”(the Three-NorthShelter Forest Program)。此外，中國也在大力發(fā)展自然保護區(qū)，頒布了《環(huán)境保護法》(The law on Environmental Protection)，加強環(huán)保意識和環(huán)保教育。目前，環(huán)境治理已取得明顯成效，大部分城市環(huán)境和農(nóng)業(yè)生態(tài)環(huán)境得到了很大改善，工業(yè)污染防治能力也大大提高。
【參考譯文】
China is a major developing country undergoingrapid industrialization. The environmental problemin China is getting more and more serious, thusenvironmental protection has been taken as one ofthe basic national policies by the government. Inrecent years, the government has taken lots of measures to improve the environmentgovernance, such as carrying out the world famous ecological project "the Three-North ShelterForest Program". Moreover, China has been greatly developing the natural reserves. "The Law onEnvironmental Protection" has been issued to strengthen the awareness and education ofenvironmental protection. Now, distinct achievements have been gained in environmentalgovernance. The environment in most cities and the agricultural ecological environmentaround the country have been greatly improved. The capability of preventing and controllingindustrial pollution has been highly enhanced.
1.發(fā)展中國家中的大國：可譯為a major developingcountry.
2.變得日益嚴(yán)峻：可譯為is getting more and moreserious或is getting increasingly serious.
3.三北防護林工程：即the Three-North Shelter ForestProgram.
4.自然保護區(qū)：譯為natural reserves.
5.頒布了《環(huán)境保護法》：《環(huán)境保護法》即"The Law on Environmental Protection"頒布，可用issue—詞表達(dá)。
6.環(huán)境治理已取得明顯成效：翻譯該句時可使用被動語態(tài)，譯為distinct achievements have been gainedin environmental governance.
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