6月英語(yǔ)六級(jí)深度閱讀第原文

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2012年6月英語(yǔ)六級(jí)深度閱讀第二篇原文

　　For most of the 20th century, Asia asked itself what it could learn from the modern, innovatingWest. Now the question must be reversed. What can the West's overly indebted andsluggish(經(jīng)濟(jì)滯漲的) nations learn from a flourishing Asia?

2012年6月英語(yǔ)六級(jí)深度閱讀第二篇原文

　　Just a few decades ago, Asia's two giants were stagnating(停滯不前) under faulty economicideologies. However, once China began embracing free—market reforms in the 1980s, followedby India in the 1990s, both countries achieved rapid growth. Crucially, as they opened up theirmarkets, they balanced market economy with sensible government direction. As the Indianeconomist Amartya Sen has wisely said, "The invisible hand of the market has often reliedheavily on the visible hand of government.”

　　Contrast this middle path with America and Europe, which have each gone ideologically over—board in their own ways. Since the 1980s, America has been increasingly clinging to theideology of uncontrolled free markets and dismissing the role of government—followingRonald Regan's idea that "government is not the solution to our problem; government is theproblem. "of course, when the markets came crashing down in 2007, it was decisivegovernment intervention that saved the day. Despite this fact, many Americans are stillstrongly opposed to "big government."

　　If Americans could only free themselves from their antigovernment doctrine, they would beginto see that the U.S.'s problems are not insoluble. A few sensible federal measures could putthe country back on the right path. A simple consumption tax of, say, 5 percent would make asignificant dent in the country's huge government deficit without damaging productivity. Asmall gasoline tax would help wean America from its dependence on oil imports and createincentives for green energy development. In the same way, a significant reduction of wastefulagricultural subsidies and other earmarks could also lower the deficit. But in order to capitalizeon these common—sense solutions, Americans will have to put aside their own attachment tothe rhetoric of smaller government and less regulation. American politicians will have todevelop the courage to follow what is taught in all American public—policy schools: that thereare good taxes and bad taxes. Asian countries have embraced this wisdom, and have builtsound long—term fiscal policies as a result.Meanwhile, Europe has fallen prey to a differentideological trap: the belief that European governments would always have infinite resourcesand could continue borrowing as if there were no tomorrow. Unlike the Americans, who felt thatthe markets knew best, the Europeans failed to anticipate how the markets would react totheir incessant borrowing. Today, the EU is in firefighting mode to stave off sovereigncollapse. In concert with the IMF, it has created a $580 billion fund to bail out Europe'stroubled economies. This will buy the EU time, but it will not solve the bloc's larger problem.

　　57. What has contributed to the rapid economic growth in China and India?

　　A) Copying western—style economic behavior

　　B) Heavy reliance on the hand of government

　　C) Timely reform of government at all levels

　　D) Free market plus government intervention

　　58. What does Ronald Reagan mean by saying "government is the problem" (line4,para.3)

　　A) many social evils are caused by wrong government policies

　　B)many social problems arise from government's inefficiency.

　　C)government action is key to solving economic problems

　　D)government regulation hinders economic development

　　59. What stopped the American economy from collapsing in 2007?

　　A) self—regulatory repair mechanisms of the free market