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2015年大學(xué)英語六級閱讀理解模擬題
閱讀理解：Part ⅡReading Comprehension (35 minutes) Directions:There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.
Passage 1
Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage:
People do not analyze every problem they meet. Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a similar problem. They often accept the opinions or ideas of other people. Other times they begin to act without thinking; they try to find a solution by trial and error. However, when all these methods fail, the person with a problem has to start analyzing. There are six stages i First the person must recognize that there is a problem. For example, Sam’s bicycle is broken, and he cannot ride it to class as he usually does. Sam must see that there is a problem with his bicycle.?
Next the thinker must define the problem. Before Sam can repair his bicycle, he must find the reason why it does not work. For instance, he must determine if the problem is with the gears, the brakes, or the frame. He must make his problem more specific.?Now the person must look for information that will make the problem clearer and lead to possible solutions. For instance, suppose Sam decided that his bike does not work because there is something wrong with the gear wheels. At this time, he can look in his bicycle repair book and read about gears. He can talk to his friends at the bike shop. He can look at his gears carefully.?
After studying the problem, the person should have several suggestions for a possible solution. Take Sam as an illustration. His suggestions might be: put oil on the gear wheels; buy new gear wheels and replace the old ones; tighten or loosen the gear wheels. ?Eventually one suggestion seems to be the solution to the problem. Sometimes the final idea comes very suddenly because the thinker suddenly sees something new or sees something in a new way. Sam, for example, suddenly sees that there is a piece of chewing gum(口香糖)between the gear wheels. He immediately realizes the solution to his problem: he must clean the gear wheels.
Finally the solution is tested. Sam cleans the gear wheels and finds that afterw ards his bicycle works perfectly. In short, he has solved the problem.
21.In analyzing a problem we should do all the following except ____
A) recognize and define the problem
B) look for information to make the problem clearer
C) have suggestions for a possible solution
D) find a solution by trial or mistake
22.By referring to Sam’s broken bicycle, the author intends to ____.
A) illustrate the ways to repair his bicycle
B) discuss the problems of his bicycle
C) tell us how to solve a problem
D) show us how to analyze a problem
23.Which of the following is NOT true?
A) People do not analyze the problem they meet.
B) People often accept the opinions or ideas of other people.
C) People may learn from their past experience
D) People cannot solve some problems they meet.
24.As used in the last sentence, the phrase “in short” means ____.
A) in the long run B) in detail C) in a word D) in the end
25.What is the best title for this passage?
A) Six Stages for Repairing Sam’s Bicycle.
B) Possible Ways to Problem-solving.
C) Necessities of Problem Analysis.
D) Suggestions for Analyzing a Problem.
Passage 2?
Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:
Stone tools, animal bones and an incised mammoth tusk found in Russia’s frigid far north have provided what archaeologists say is the first evidence that modern humans or Neanderthals lived in the Arctic more than 30,000 years ago, at least 15,000 years earlier than previously thought.?A team of Russian and Norwegian archaeologists, describing the discovery in today’s issue of the journal Nature, said the campsite, at Mamontovaya Kurya, on the Ura River at the Arctic Circle, was the “oldest documented evidence for human presence at this high latitude. ”Digging in the bed of an old river channel close to the Ural Mountains, the team uncovered 123 mammal bones, including horse, reindeer and wolf. “The most important find,” they said, was a four-foot mammoth tusk with grooves made by chopping with a sharp stone edge, “unequivocally the work of humans.” The tusk was carbon-dated at about 36,600 years old. Plant remains found among the artifacts were dated at 30,000 to 31,000 years.?
Other archaeologists said the analysis appeared to be sound. But they cautioned that it was difficult, when dealing with riverbed deposits, to be sure that artifacts had notbecome jumbled out of their true place, and thus time, in the geologic layers. They questioned whether the discoverers could reliably conclude that the stone tools were in fact contemporary with the bones. But in a commentary accompanying the article, Dr. John A. J. Gowlett of the University of Liverpool in England wrote, “Although there are questions to be answered, the artifacts illustrate both the capacity of early humans to do the unexpected, and the value of archaeologists’ researching in unlikely areas.”?
The discoverers said they could not determine from the few stone artifacts whether the site was occupied by Neanderthals, hominids who by then had a long history as hunters in Europe and western Asia, or some of the first anatomically modern humans to reach Europe.?In any case, other archaeologists said, the findings could be significant.If these toolmakers were Neanderthals, the findings suggested that these human relatives, whobecame extinct after 30,000 years ago, were more capable and adaptable than they are generally given credit for. Living in the Arctic climate presumably required higher levels of technology and social organization.
If they were modern humans, then the surprise is that they had penetrated so far north in such a short time. There has been no firm evidence for modern humans in Europe before about 35,000 years ago. It had generally been thought that the northernmost part of Eurasia was not occupied by humans until the final stage of the last ice age, some 13,000 to 14,000 years ago, when the world’s climate began to moderate. Dr. Gowlett said the new findings indicated that the Arctic region of European Russia was extremely cold but relatively dry and ice-free more than 30,000 years ago.
26.What is the significance of the discovery?
A) It shows that modern humans lived in the Arctic more than 3,000 years ago.
B) It shows that Neanderthals lived in the Arctic more than 3,000 years ago.
C) It shows the oldest documented evidence for human presence at such high latitude.
D) It shows human could use tools 30,000 years ago.
27.Why the team believed that the four-foot mammoth tusk was the most important find?
A) Because it was the longest tusk ever found.
B) Because there were signs left by human’s tools on it.
C) Because there were grooves on it.
D) Because there are not any mammoth tusk all over the world.
28.When did the Neanderthals extinct?
A) More than 30,000 years ago.B) After 30,000 years ago.
C) Before about 35,000 years ago.D) Some 13,000 to 14,000 years ago
29.Who were those toolmakers?
A) Neanderthals. B) Modern humans.C) Archaeologists. D) Not determined.
30.What’s the weather like in the Arctic region of European Russia more than 30,000 years ago??
A) Moderate temperature, relatively dry and ice-free.
B) Extremely cold, relatively dry and ice-free.
C) Extremely cold, plenty of raining and ice-free.
D) Extremely cold, relatively dry and ice frosted.
Passage 3
Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:
After watching my mother deal with our family of five, I can’t understand why her answer to the question, “What do you do?” is always, “Oh, I’m just a housewife.” JUST a housewife?” Anyone who spends most of her time in meal preparation and cleanup, washing and drying clothes, keeping the house clean, leading a scout troop, playing taxi driver to us kids when it’s time for school, music lessons or the dentist, doing volunteer work for her favorite charity, and making sure that all our family needs are met is not JUST a housewife. She’ s the real Wonder Woman.?Why is it that so many mothers like mine think of themselves as second-class or something similar? Where has this notion come from? Have we males made them feel this way? Has our society made “going to work” outside the home seem more important than what a housewife must face each day?
I would be very curious to see what would happen if a housewife went on strike. Dishes would pile up. Food in the house would run out. No meals would appear on the table. There would be no clean clothes when needed. High boots would be required just to make it through the house scattered with garbage. Walking and bus riding would increase. Those scout troops would have to break up. Charities would suffer.?I doubt if the man of the house would be able to take over. Oh, he might start out with the attitude that he can do just as good a job, but how long would that last? Not long, once he had to come home each night after work to more household duties. There would be no more coming home to a prepared meal; he’d have to fix it himself. The kids would all be screaming for something to eat, clean clothes and more bus fare money. Once he quieted the kids, he’d have to clean the house, go shopping, make sure that kids got a bath, and fix lunches for the next day. Once the kids were down for the night, he might be able to crawl into an unmade bed and try to read the morning newspaper.?
No, I don’t think many males are going to volunteer for the job. I know I don’t want it. So, thanks, mom! I’ll do what I can to create a national holiday for housewives. It could be appropriately called Wonder Woman Day.
31.By what means do the children of the author’s family go to school?
A) They take school bus.B) They take a taxi.
C) Their mother drives for them.D) Scout troop sends them to school.
32.If a housewife went on strike, which one of the following statements is NOT true?
A) Children would scream for something to eat.
B) No meals would appear on the table.
C) The scout troops would have a wonderful time.
D) The man of the house wouldn’t be able to take over.
33.In the author’s opinion, ____.
A) many males are going to volunteer for housewives’ work
B) housewives deserve a national holiday named Wonder Woman Day
C) the man of the house would be able to take over the housewives’ work
D) housewives are second-class citizens or something similar
34.The author’s attitude toward housewives’ work is ____.
A) critical B) indifferent C) ironical D) appreciative
35.The main idea of the passage is about ____.
A) housewives, the wonder women
B) what would happen if housewives went on strike
C) the replacement of women by men as housewives
D) the setting up of a national holiday for housewives
Passage 4
Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:
Children are getting so fat they may be the first generation to die before their parents, an expert claimed yesterday. Today’s youngsters are already falling prey to potential killers such as diabetes because of their weight. Fatty fast-food diets combined with sedentary life styles dominated by televisions and computers could mean kids will die tragically young, says Professor Andrew Prentice, from the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine.
At the same time, the shape of the human body is going through a huge evolutionary shift because adults are getting so fat. Here in Britain, latest research shows that the average waist size for a man is 36-38in and may be 42-44in by 2032.This compares with only 32.6in in 1972. Women’s waists have grown from an average of 22in in 1920 to 24 ins in the Fifties and 30in now. One of the major reasons why children now are at greater risk is that we are getting fatter younger. In the UK alone, more than one million under-16s are classed as overweight or obese — double the number in the mid-Eighties. One in ten four-year-olds are also medically classified as obese. The obesity pandemic — an extensive epidemic — which started in the US, has now spread to Europe, Australia, Central America and the Middle East.
Many nations now record more than 20 per cent of their population as clinically obese and well over half the population as overweight. Prof Prentice said the change in our shape has been caused by a glut of easily available high-energy foods combined with a dramatic drop in the energy we use as a result of technology developments. ?He is not alone in his concern. Only last week one medical journal revealed how obesity was fuelling a rise in cancer cases. Obesity also increases the risk factor for strokes and heart disease. An averagely obese person’s lifespan is shortened by around nine years while a severely obese person by many more. ?Prof Prentice said: “So will parents outlive their children, as claimed recently by an American obesity specialist?” The answer is yes — and no. Yes, when the offspring become grossly obese. This is now becoming an alarmingly common occur rence in the US. Such children and adolescents have a greatly reduced quality of life in terms of both their physical and psychosocial health. So say No to that doughnut and burger.
36.What does the word “sedentary (Para. 2)” mean?
A) sit still. B) eat too much. C) study very hardh. D) passive thinking.
37.Which statement is TRUE?
A) The average waist size for a man is 36-38in.
B) The average waist size for a woman is 30in.
C) In the mid-Eighties, more than half million under-16s in the UK are classed as overweight.
D) The obesity pandemic has now spread to South America.
38.According to Prof Prentice, what are the reasons for the change in our shape?
A) We eat too much and refuse to do physical exercises.
B) High-energy foods are easy to get and technology develops fast.
C) High-energy foods are the main diet and we use technology.
D) High-energy foods are easy to get and we consume less energy.
39.Obesity increases the risk factor of ____.
A) diabetes, short sight, cancer, strokes
B) diabetes, cancer, strokes, psychosocial illness
C) cancer, strokes, fatty, heart disease
D) strokes, heart disease, diabetes, headache
40.What does the author mean by “So say No to that doughnut and burger”?
A) Answering the question “will parents outlive their children?”.
B) The doughnut and burger should be banned.
C) We should lead a healthy life.
D) We should begin dieting.
Part Ⅱ
Passage one 短文大意
人們不會對遇見的每個問題都進行分析。有時人們試圖用上一次解決相似問題的方法來處理問題。他們時常會接受其他人的意見，有時他們不經(jīng)思考就采取行動，用邊失敗邊嘗試的辦法尋找解決方案。當(dāng)所有的這些方法都失敗的時候, 人們就不得不開始分析問題。作者以修理自行車為例指出，分析一個問題分六個階段。
21. 答 案 D。
【參考譯文】分析問題時，我們應(yīng)該按照下列的說法去做，除了____ 。
【試題分析】判斷題。
【詳細(xì)解答】ABC三項可從作者對六個階段的說明中找到出處。D項就是作者在第一段提出的they try to find a solution by trial and error.“用邊失敗邊嘗試的辦法尋找解決方案”，這個階段是在開始分析問題之前。
22. 答 案 C。
【參考譯文】通過Sam的壞自行車的例子，作者試圖____ 。
【試題分析】意圖理解題。
【詳細(xì)解答】作者以山姆修自行車為例，是要說明分析問題的六個階段。其本意與自行車無關(guān)，因此C項符合作者意圖。
23. 答 案 A。
【參考譯文】 下列那個不正確?
【試題分析】判斷題。
【詳細(xì)解答】文中第一段有B、D項的出處;作者也講到Sometimes they try to remember a solution from the last time they had a similar problem.其大意與C項“人們可從過去經(jīng)驗中獲得教訓(xùn)”相同;惟有A項“人們不去分析所遇到的問題”是曲解第一句People do not analyze every problem they meet.“人們不會對遇見的每個問題都進行分析”，如果人們真的不去分析所遇到的問題，作者就不必寫此文了。
24. 答 案 C。
【參考譯文】最后一句話中的 “in short”指代的是?
【試題分析】指代題。
【詳細(xì)解答】此處in short指的是“總之”，四個選項中C項含義有“一句話”之意，與題符合。
25. 答 案 B。
【參考譯文】文章的標(biāo)題最好的是?
【試題分析】主旨題。
【詳細(xì)解答】全文以山姆修自行車為例，說明人們分析問題的六個階段。與修理自行車無關(guān)，其中也沒有提到分析問題時應(yīng)該注意什么，A、D項可先排除;文章雖然講到分析問題的必要性，但主旨是說明那六個階段，而不是強調(diào)“分析”的必要性，C項只是局部問題;因此B項符合文章主旨。
Passage Two 短文大意
俄羅斯和挪威的考古學(xué)家在俄國極北部發(fā)現(xiàn)了石器，動物骨骼及一只帶有石器鑿痕的猛犸象長牙，這證明現(xiàn)代人類或尼安德特人曾在3萬年前就已經(jīng)生活在這一地區(qū)，比先前認(rèn)定的提前了一萬五千年。但有些考古學(xué)家雖然認(rèn)為對這些發(fā)現(xiàn)的鑒定是正確的，但并不能證明這些石器與動物的骨殖屬于同一年代。不管怎樣，這些發(fā)現(xiàn)意義重大：如果制造這些石器的是尼安德特人，那么就證明他們比我們現(xiàn)在認(rèn)為的要更為能干及適應(yīng)環(huán)境;如果是現(xiàn)代人，那么在人類定居歐洲后，在如此短的時間內(nèi)就能推進到極北地區(qū)，不能不說是非常令人驚訝的。
26. 答 案 C。
【參考譯文】 發(fā)明的意義是?
【試題分析】判斷題。
【詳細(xì)解答】正如考古學(xué)家們說的：the campsite,… was the oldest documented evidence for human presence at this high latitude.這個發(fā)現(xiàn)證明人類很早就在極北地出現(xiàn)了，這是它的重大意義所在，C項符合。A、B兩項未有定論，D項則可由別的考古發(fā)現(xiàn)證明，并不是這一次發(fā)現(xiàn)的意義所在。
27. 答 案 B。
【參考譯文】為什么小組認(rèn)為四只腳的猛犸象牙的發(fā)現(xiàn)是最重要的發(fā)現(xiàn)?
【試題分析】判斷題。
【詳細(xì)解答】文中對這只four-foot mammoth tusk 的描述是…with grooves made by chopping with a sharp stone edge, “unequivocally the work of humans.”即在這只猛犸象牙上有石器砍削的痕跡，可以證明是當(dāng)時人類用工具對象牙進行了加工，也就證明當(dāng)時人類會使用工具了。所以這只象牙的重要性是它的證據(jù)作用，即B項。A、D項文不對題，C項未指出真正的原因。
28. 答 案 B。
【參考譯文】 穴居人是何時滅絕的?
【試題分析】細(xì)節(jié)題。
【詳細(xì)解答】文中倒數(shù)第二段指出，Neanderthals, …who became extinct after 30,000 years ago,說明尼安德特人是在距今3萬年前以后漸漸消亡的，B項數(shù)字正確。
29. 答 案 D。
【參考譯文】 誰是工具的制造者?
【試題分析】綜合判斷題。
【詳細(xì)解答】縱觀全文，考古學(xué)家對居住在此地的人種仍在爭論，不能確定到底是尼安德特人還是現(xiàn)代人曾在此居住，所以D項正確。
30. 答 案 B。
【參考譯文】3萬年前，俄羅斯歐洲地帶的北極區(qū)的天氣怎樣?
【試題分析】細(xì)節(jié)題。
【詳細(xì)解答】文中最后有Dr. Gowlett said the new findings indicated that the Arcticregion of European Russia was extremely cold but relatively dry and ice-free more than 30,000 years ago.說明30，000年前的俄羅斯歐洲部分是“奇冷無比，相對較干旱，不會冰凍”，因此B項符合。
Passage Three 短文大意
家庭婦女是偉大的，她們的大部分時間花在諸如做飯、洗衣、打掃房間、送孩子上學(xué)及看病、為慈善機構(gòu)做義務(wù)工、為家人提供各種服務(wù)等等事情上，但是她們的社會地位卻不高，甚至還自己都看不起自己。作者認(rèn)為，家庭婦女所做的工作是男人們既替代不了又不愿去做的。她們的貢獻很大，社會應(yīng)該承認(rèn)她們的勞動，為她們設(shè)立自己的節(jié)日。
31. 答 案 C。
【參考譯文】作者家里的孩子們是乘何種交通工具上學(xué)的?
【試題分析】本題是細(xì)節(jié)題。
【詳細(xì)解答】文章第一段提到playing taxi driver to us kids when it’s time for school，意為“母親為送我們上學(xué)而扮演出租車司機的角色。”即母親開車送孩子們上學(xué)。?
32. 答 案 C。
【參考譯文】假如家庭主婦罷工了，下列那種說法不正確?
【試題分析】本題是細(xì)節(jié)題。
【詳細(xì)解答】文章第二段提到如果家庭婦女們罷工，將出現(xiàn)很多問題，A、B項都提到了，D項也在第三段第一句提到，只有C項是與原文Those scout troops would have to break up. “童子軍不得不解散”相反的。
33. 答 案 B。
【參考譯文】在作者看來____。
【試題分析】本題是作者觀點題。
【詳細(xì)解答】從文中可知，A、C、D三項都與作者的觀點相反，而 I’ll do what I can to create a national holiday for housewives.一句明確表達了作者的想法，與B項相符。
34. 答 案 D。
【參考譯文】作者對家庭主婦的工作采取何種態(tài)度?
【試題分析】本題是作者觀點題。
【詳細(xì)解答】critical 指“批評的”;indifferent指“漠不關(guān)心的”;ironical指“諷刺的”;只有appreciative有“表示感激的”之意，符合作者的觀點。
35. 答 案 A。
【參考譯文】文章主題是____。
【試題分析】本題是意圖理解題。
【詳細(xì)解答】作者全篇都在向家庭婦女們表達敬意，表示理解;B、D兩項過于片面，都只是作者討論的一個部分而非全部，C項與作者觀點相反;只有A項才全面總結(jié)了全文意圖。
Passage Four 短文大意
現(xiàn)在的孩子們正變得越來越胖，以至于他們可能成為先他們父母而去的一代。由于過度肥胖，現(xiàn)在的孩子們已經(jīng)變成了一些潛在病魔的獵物，糖尿病就是其中之一。倫敦衛(wèi)生及熱帶醫(yī)學(xué)學(xué)院的安德魯?普倫蒂斯教授認(rèn)為，脂肪含量過高的快餐飲食，加上電視和電腦使得孩子們養(yǎng)成了久坐不動的生活方式，極有可能大大縮短年輕一代的壽命。與此同時，成人們正越長越胖。為什么現(xiàn)在的孩子們面臨著比我們更大的危險呢?原因之一就在于，他們發(fā)胖的年齡比我們早得多。普倫蒂斯教授說，導(dǎo)致我們體形變化的原因是，現(xiàn)代生活中高熱量食物隨處可見，隨手可得，而科技的發(fā)展使得人們每天消耗的熱量卻大大減少。如果下一代繼續(xù)長胖，就有可能比他們的父母壽命還短。
36. 答 案 A。
【參考譯文】 “sedentary (Para. 2)”的意思是?
【試題分析】指代題。
【詳細(xì)解答】sedentary出現(xiàn)在Fatty fast-food diets combined with sedentary lifestyles dominated by televisions and computers could mean kids will die tragically young,…句意為“脂肪含量過高的快餐飲食，加上電視和電腦使得孩子們養(yǎng)成了sedentary的生活方式，極有可能大大縮短年輕一代的壽命”，“電視和電腦”是養(yǎng)成孩子們sedentary的生活方式的原因，由此可見，sedentary指“久坐不動”。
37. 答 案 C。
【參考譯文】那一個陳述正確?
【試題分析】判斷題。
【詳細(xì)解答】文章第三段提到In the UK alone, more than one million under-16s are classed as overweight or obese - double the number in the mid-Eighties.“僅僅在英國，就有100多萬16歲以下的兒童被歸為超重或者肥胖，比80年代中期多了一倍”，可見C項符合。A、B 項未指出這只是英國的現(xiàn)象;文中未提到南美洲是否也有肥胖問題，D項不對。?
38. 答 案 D。
【參考譯文】 根據(jù)Prof. Prentice， 我們外形的改變是因為____。
【試題分析】細(xì)節(jié)題。
【詳細(xì)解答】Prof. Prentice指出…the change in our shape has been caused by a glutof easily available high-energy foods combined with a dramatic drop in the energy we use as a result of technology developments.意為“導(dǎo)致我們體形變化的原因是，現(xiàn)代生活中高熱量食物隨處可見，隨手可得，而科技的發(fā)展使得人們每天消耗的熱量卻大大減少”，符合這句句意的是D項。
39. 答 案 B。
【參考譯文】肥胖增加了____的危險因素?
【試題分析】細(xì)節(jié)題。
【詳細(xì)解答】文章開頭就指出diabetes“糖尿病”是肥胖引起的病癥, 其后陸續(xù)提到cancer,strokes and heart disease, 最后還有…adolescents have a greatly reduced quality of life in terms of both their physical and psychosocial health.即psychosocial illness也與肥胖有關(guān)，沒有提到“近視”，而且obesity本身就是fatty，因此符合的只有B項。 ?
40. 答 案 C。
【參考譯文】 通過 “So say No to that doughnut and burger”作者表達了?
【試題分析】意圖理解題。
【詳細(xì)解答】此句意為“所以，就讓我們向油炸圈和夾肉餅說‘不’吧”，這不是回答“孩子們的壽命是否會比他們的父母還短呢?”，其意圖是呼吁人們要有健康的生活方式，不是要禁止油膩食物，也不是要人們一起減肥。因此C項符合作者意圖。
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