翻譯訓(xùn)練題及答案解析大學(xué)英語四級
翻譯訓(xùn)練題及答案解析大學(xué)英語四級
四級翻譯（8.26）
1. Many college graduates find it difficult to get an ideal job today _________________(即使他們有學(xué)士學(xué)位).
2._____________________(與你對公司的貢獻相比)，what I have done was unworthy of mentioning.
3.Some experts recommend that______________(不應(yīng)太強調(diào)語法的重要性)at the early stage of children's language learning.
4.After supper she would sit down by the fire,_________________(有時長達一小時).
5.With a lot of assignments in hand,you __________________(不該出席昨晚的閉幕式).
答案解析:
1.even if/though they get Bachelor's degree
考查even if/though 引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句。學(xué)士學(xué)位的固定表達:Bachelor's degree。
2.Compared with your contribution to the company/In comparison with your contribution to the company
與…相比，可以翻譯為 Compared with或In comparison wih,對…的貢獻譯作contribution to。
3.importance shouldn't be attached to grammar too much
recommend表建議，其后面的賓語從句謂語動詞要用虛擬語氣，其形式為(should)+動詞原形�！皬娬{(diào)…的重要性”表達為attach importance to�！罢Z法”是強調(diào)的動作承受者，需要用被動結(jié)構(gòu)。
4.sometimes for as long as an hour
�。〞r間上）“長達”,用as long as 結(jié)構(gòu)。表示時間段用介詞for。
5.shouldn't/oughtn't to have attend the closing ceremony last night
情態(tài)動詞+have+過去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)表示對過去情況的猜測。待譯部分隱含“不該做但已經(jīng)做了”的意味，用shouldn't/oughtn't to have + 過去分詞表示。閉幕式用the closing ceremony表達；出席:attend。
四級翻譯（8.25）
1. Althrough her life, this woman applies herself to___________(幫助她女兒康復(fù)).
2. It needs the whole team's efforts___________(按原計劃實施這項工程).
3.Last week in his class,Professor Lee said that _____________________________(月亮繞著地球轉(zhuǎn)).
4._____________________(每次他錯過火車),he would go to the nearby bar for beer.
5.She realized her dream of becoming a writer eventually ____________(在歷盡艱辛之后).
答案解析:
1.helping her daughter(to) recover.
"專心做某事“的固定搭配是apply oneself to, to是介詞，后面要跟名詞性成分，故用名詞或動名詞�！翱祻�(fù)”的表達為recover(from)。"幫助某人做某事"的表達為help sb. (to) do sth或help sb. with sth. 。
2.to implement this project as planned
名詞性從句在表達客觀規(guī)律時，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時，此時不要求與主句時態(tài)保持一致�！皩嵤钡腵表達為implement, 也可用carry out.“按原定計劃"的表達是as planned.
3.the moon revolves the earth
名詞性從句在表達客觀規(guī)律時，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時，此時不要求與主句時態(tài)保持一致。旋轉(zhuǎn)的表達為revolve。自然界獨一無二事物的名詞前面用定冠詞修飾，如the earth,the moon。
4.Every time he missed the train
一些表示時間的名詞詞組，如the moment,last time,next time,every time等可用來引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。錯過的表達為miss。從句的動作先于主句，主句用了過去將來時，故從句用一般過去時。
5.after she went through many hardships
after引導(dǎo)的時間狀語從句。歷盡艱辛，用go through many hardships表達；也可以用endure many hardships。
四級翻譯（8.24）
1.Anything that goes against the interest of people ____________ (注定以失敗告終).
2. If he had not turned a deaf ear to the doctor, ________ (傷早就治愈了).
3. The popular artist said she____________________________(喜歡古典音樂勝過流行音樂).
4. The market share of DDF Company_______ (占了總市場份額的五分之二）in our country so far.
5. ____________ (據(jù)報道將實施新規(guī)定)by 2012.
答案解析:
1.is doomed/bound to end in failure.
"注定"的表達有doomed to和to be bound to, 句子的主語為anything, 定語從句的時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，故主句的系動詞be要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，即is. 以失敗告終的表達為end in failure.
2.the wound would have been cured/healed
if…h(huán)ad done表示對過去情況的虛擬，從句時態(tài)用過去完成時，主句應(yīng)使用would have done的結(jié)構(gòu), "治愈"的表達為cure或者heal
考查被動語態(tài): "傷"是"被治愈"，需用被動結(jié)構(gòu)。
3.preferred classical music to popular songs
表示比較意義時不一定用比較級體現(xiàn)，還可以用固定搭配，如prefer…to…，be superior to等。"喜歡......勝過......"的表達為prefer…to…。
4.has accounted for two fifths of the total
"占"的表達為account for。"五分之 二"是分數(shù),分子在前用基數(shù)詞,分母在后用序數(shù)詞.分子超過1時,分母要用 復(fù)數(shù)形式。
5.It is reported (that) new regulation will have been enforced
主語"規(guī)定"是動作"實施"的承受者，用被動語態(tài)。 表示將來某一時間以前已經(jīng)完成的動作時需用將來完成時態(tài)。當(dāng)主語不明或不特別強調(diào)時，用it is reported(據(jù)報道), it is said(據(jù)說)等,后接不定式或從句。此題當(dāng)中"實施新規(guī)定"是從句，故用It is reported (that)句型。
四級翻譯（8.21）
1.Anything that goes against the interest of people ____________ (注定以失敗告終).
2. If he had not turned a deaf ear to the doctor, ________ (傷早就治愈了).
3. The popular artist said she____________________________(喜歡古典音樂勝過流行音樂).
4. The market share of DDF Company_______ (占了總市場份額的五分之二）in our country so far.
5. ____________ (據(jù)報道將實施新規(guī)定)by 2012.
答案與解析：
1.is doomed/bound to end in failure.
"注定"的表達有doomed to和to be bound to, 句子的主語為anything, 定語從句的時態(tài)為一般現(xiàn)在時，故主句的系動詞be要用第三人稱單數(shù)形式，即is.以失敗告終的表達為end in failure.
2.the wound would have been cured/healed
if…h(huán)ad done表示對過去情況的虛擬，從句時態(tài)用過去完成時，主句應(yīng)使用would have done的結(jié)構(gòu)。"治愈"的表達為cure或者heal"傷"是"被治愈"，需用被動結(jié)構(gòu)。
3.preferred classical music to popular songs
表示比較意義時不一定用比較級體現(xiàn)，還可以用固定搭配，如prefer…to…，be superior to等。"喜歡......勝過......"的表達為prefer…to…。
4.has accounted for two fifths of the total
"占"的表達為account for。"五分之 二"是分數(shù),分子在前用基數(shù)詞,分母在后用序數(shù)詞.分子超過1時,分母要用 復(fù)數(shù)形式。
5.It is reported (that) new regulation will have been enforced
主語"規(guī)定"是動作"實施"的承受者，用被動語態(tài)。表示將來某一時間以前已經(jīng)完成的動作時需用將來完成時態(tài)。當(dāng)主語不明或不特別強調(diào)時，用it is reported(據(jù)報道), it is said(據(jù)說)等,后接不定式或從句。此題當(dāng)中"實施新規(guī)定"是從句，故用It is reported (that)句型。
四級翻譯（8.20）
1. Delegates from many nations proposed ___________(廢除更多的核電站).
2. The output of the workshop this month _________(相比增加了 20%) of last month.
3. _____________(最使我們困惑的是)is that this restaurant doesn't have any table at all.
4. Two tourists visited the service center frequently__________(投訴被收費過高).
5. ___________(因為大一新生常在校園迷路), the univerisity prepares the map for them.
答案解析:
1.(that) more nuclear power plants (should) be removed/abolished
動詞proposed后的賓語從句中要求用虛擬語氣，其形式為: 謂語動詞原形或should+動詞原形。"廢除更多的核電站"是賓語從句，作動詞proposed的賓語, that可省略。"核電站"譯為nudear power plant;"廢除"可用remove, 也可用abolish.核電站是"廢除"的承受者，用被動語態(tài)。
2.has increased by 20 percent compared with that
英語當(dāng)中常用increase，go up，rise, grow…或decrease， reduce, drop, fall, decline等詞表示"增或減"。后跟by表示"增減了多少"，to表 示"增減到多少"。"與……相比"的表達為compared with…，with之后是比較的對象，常用代詞that指代上文提過的output。
3.What puzzles/confuses us most
漢語中的"的"字結(jié)構(gòu)可以用What引導(dǎo)的主語從句表達，作整個句子的主語。"使某人困惑"可譯為confuse sb或 puzzle sb.。"最"表程度，用most修飾謂語動詞confuse/puzzle。
4.to complain of/about being overcharged
"投訴"的表達為complain,其后跟名詞時要用about或 of "收費過高"的表達為overcharge/charge too much.主語two tourists是動作overcharge的承受者，用被動語態(tài)。visit的賓語后出現(xiàn)動詞，要用to連接，表示目的。
5.Because/Since the freshmen often lose their way on campus// Because/Since the freshmen often get lost on campus.
在句首接從句表示原因常用because/since."迷路"表達: 常用固定搭配lose one's way或get lost."大一新生"表達為freshmen.
四級翻譯（8.19）
1. The new policy established last month_________________(使跨文化交流成為可能).
2. If his parents had found this earlier,______________(他就不會吸煙上癮).
3. The girl taken to the court by the police claimed that__________(被說服吃藥).
4. ______________ (如果你按照我的指令的話), the computer wouldn't have broken down.
5. When they got off the plane,_________(外賓們收到了熱烈歡迎) by the children.
答案解析:
1. makes it possible to have cross-culture/cross-cultural communication
"使...成為可能"的表達為make it possible to do sth.。真正賓語是cross-culture/cross-cultural communication。"跨文化"的表達為cross-culture,也可用其形容詞cross-cultural;"交流"的表達為communication。
2.he wouldn't have been/become addicated to smoking.
由if...had done引導(dǎo)，表示對過去情況的虛擬，從句時態(tài)過去完成時，主句應(yīng)用would have done的結(jié)構(gòu)。
3.she had been talked into taking medicine//she had been persuaded to take medicine
主語The girl是"說服"的承受者，故用被動結(jié)構(gòu)。"被說服"表達為be talked into doing sth，也可用be persuaded to do sth表達。"吃藥"用take medicine表達，不能用eat medicine
4.If you had followed my instructions/orders //Had you followed my instructions/orders
當(dāng)主句出現(xiàn)woukl not havc done的形式時，從句應(yīng)采用過去完成時，即"had+過去分詞"結(jié)構(gòu)。如果用if引導(dǎo)從句則是If+主渭的形式: if也可省略，在這種情況把had過于主語之前，構(gòu)成倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。"按照我的指令"，表達為follow my instructions/orders,注意多樣化的表達。
5.the foreign guests were given a warm welcome // the foreign guests were welcomed warmly
"熱烈歡迎"的表達: 名詞形式用warm welcome，動詞形式用be welcomed warmly."外賓"表達是foreign guests.
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