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6月英語四級閱讀模擬習(xí)題及解析
不少同學(xué)在大學(xué)之后開始準(zhǔn)備考英語四級，在英語四級的準(zhǔn)備過程中，大家不僅要牢記單詞，同時也要多做一些往年的真題，不斷提高自己對試題的敏感度和做題的速度。以下是小編整理的6月英語四級閱讀模擬習(xí)題及解析，希望對大家有所幫助。
6月英語四級閱讀模擬習(xí)題及解析 篇1
Directions: In this part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and answer the questions on Answer Sheet 1.
For questions 1-7, mark
Y(for YES) if the statement agrees with the information given in the passage;
N (for NO) if the statement contradicts the information given in the passage;
NG (for NOT GIVEN) if the information is not given in the passage.
For questions 8-10, complete the sentences with the information given in the passage.
Types of Climate
Climate is the combination of temperature, moisture, wind, and sunshine at a place over a period of many years. Weather is made up of atmospheric conditions during a few hours or days. The weather may be rainy on a certain day. But that place may usually have a warm, dry, sunny climate. We learn about the climate of a place by studying its temperature, moisture, wind, and sunshine from season to season and year to year.
Temperature and the amount of rainfall are the two most important elements of climate. Others are humidity (air moisture), cloudiness, fog, sunshine, wind, storms, and air pressure.
There are many different types of climate on earth. Climates of the world can be classified according to their latitudes and the plants that grow there. Different kinds of plants need different amounts of heat and moisture for growth. The vegetation of a region tells us about temperature and rainfall conditions over a long period of time.
Tropical Climates
Tropical climates are found in regions between 35N and 35S latitude. In the tropical rain forest (nearest the equator) conditions are warm and rainy all year long, and there is a thick cover of trees. Places farther north and south of the equator have a tropical wet-and-dry climate. There the forests are not so dense, and many trees lose their leaves in the dry season. Along 23.5N and 23.5S latitude there are vast regions of tropical desert climate, where very little vegetation can grow.
Subtropical Climates
Subtropical climates are usually found between 30 and 40 North and South latitudes. The subtropical western coasts of the continents have a Mediterranean climate. Summers are hot and dry; winters are mild and wet. On the subtropical eastern coasts of continents the climate is humid subtropical. Summers are hot, and winters are mild. There is enough rainfall in all seasons for forests.
Mid-latitude Climate
Mid-latitude climates occur between 40 and 60 NS latitudes. Strong westerly winds blow in the mid-latitudes. The climate of the west coast of North America is mild and rainy most of the year. It helps the growth of fine timber forests. Some places in the mid-latitudes do not receive moisture because of mountain barriers or their great distances from the oceans. Humid continental climates cover large mid-latitude area in eastern parts of the continents. They are forest climates with cold winters and warm summers. Most of the rainfall comes in the summer.
High-latitude Climates
High-latitude climates occur from 60 to the poles, North and South. In the high latitudes it is very cold in winter and cool in summer. The short summers are warm enough for forests of evergreen trees. Greenland and Antarctica have a polar climate, where great ice caps exist because of year-round freezing.
High-altitude Climates
Highland climates are cooler than the surrounding lowlands because of the effects of altitude. Highland climates are found on the high mountains of the world, even on the equator. In the tropics and mid-latitudes different kinds of vegetation grow in zones up the slopes of mountains to the permanent snowfields.
The Causes of Different Climates
The differences in the climate from place to place are caused by climate controls. The major climate controls are latitude, altitude, land and water bodies, ocean currents, and storm centers.
Latitudes make climates colder toward the north and south poles (high latitudes) than at the tropics near the equator (low altitudes). Low-latitude regions remain warm throughout the year. At higher latitudes there are greater differences between winter and summer temperatures.
Altitude affects climate by lowering temperatures as the height above sea level increases. At high altitudes the air is less dense and does not absorb and hold as much heat. On the average, the temperature drops about 2 degrees Celsius for each 300 meters of altitude (about 3.5 degrees Fahrenheit for each 1,000 feet). Thus snow can remain on mountainlike Fujiyama when nearby lowlands are warm.
Land and water bodies influence climate. Land warms up rapidly in summer and cools off rapidly in winter. But large bodies of water change temperature slowly, with the seasons. Mid-continental places in middle and high latitudes have a continental climate. Summers are warm and winter cold. Island and seacoasts usually have milder winters and cooler summers because of the water surfaces nearby.
Ocean currents affect climate in many parts of the world. Some currents carry warm water to cool regions; others carry cool water to warm regions. The Labrador Current is cold. The Gulf Stream is a warm ocean current. It carries warm water from the tropical Atlantic toward the coasts of northwestern Europe. As a result, winters in the British Isles and in Westam Europe are warmer than other regions in the same latitudes.
Winds carry heat and moisture and therefore affect climate. Winds that come from lands in high latitudes are cold and dry. Some winds change direction with the seasons. In southern Asia winds called monsoons are dry and cool in the winter, when they blow from the land. In the summer they blow from the ocean and produce heavy rainfall.
Climate and the Water Cycle
Water enters the atmosphere by evaporation from land and water surfaces. Winds carry water vapor and clouds to other areas. There the moisture is returned to the earth in the form of rain or snow. Much of the water falls on land and runs off to the sea in rivers. But some moisture enters soil. It helps growing plants or builds up the groundwater supply. The constant movement of water from land to sea to air and back again is called the water cycle. The amount of water available for farming, industry, and many other uses differs from one climate to another. People try to overcome these differences by using water resources wisely. The water cycle can be controlled in part for a short time by storing water in reservoirs, irrigating land, draining wetlands, or pumping water from wells.
Climate and People
Climate influences people's comfort, well-being, and activities in many ways. Most people do not work as well in a hot, moist climate as in a cooler, drier climate. Extremely high or low temperatures are uncomfortable. Certain diseases are more common in some climates than in others. It is difficult to determine what is the best or ideal climate for human beings. People differ in their reactions to climate because of their individual characteristics and attitudes.
The amount and kind of clothing people wear is determined partly by climate. Clothing for cold climates gives protection against wind and cold. Less clothing is needed in warm climates. There are many types of special clothing for wind, cold, sun, rain, and snow.
People build houses mainly for shelter from the climatic elements. Carefully planned houses take advantage of sunlight, wind direction, and other factors to obtain a maximum of comfort as well as protection. The amount of heating or air-conditioning needed in a building depends upon the construction of the building as well as the outside climate. Many modem inventions have made it possible for people to live comfortably in any kind of climate.
Climate affects the food supply by setting limits for profitable production of crops and animals. Climate influences cattle raising and forestry because it determines where grasslands and forests will grow. Winds, clouds, and storms have to be considered in travel by land, sea, or air and even in the launching of satellite. Most industries take special attention to protect their products against weather and climate during manufacture, storage, and shipment.
1. Climate is the combination of temperature, moisture, wind and sunshine at a place over a certain period of a year.
2. Weather refers to atmospheric conditions during a few hours or days.
3. There are dense forests all over the tropical regions.
4. Mediterranean climate is characterized by its hot summers and mild winters.
5. Highland climates could be found all over the world except on the equator.
6. Nowadays people are working on designs of new buildings that are climate- friendly.
7. The water cycle refers to the constant movement of water from land to sea to air and back again.
8. Besides temperature and the amount of rainfall, elements such as and air pressure are also very important in the making of climate.
9. Greenland and Antarctica have a polar climate, where exist because of year-round freezing.
10. Through ___________ for profitable production of crops and animals, climate can also affect the food supply.
試題詳解
1.N 由題干中的關(guān)鍵詞climate定位到文章首段首句：Climate is the combination of temperature，moisture，wind，and sunshine at a place over a period of many years.題目中的a year與原文的many years不符，由此得出題目說法錯誤。
2.Y 由題于中的關(guān)鍵詞weather定位到文章首段第二句：Weather is made up of atmospheric conditions during a few hours or days，題目用refer to同義替換了原文中的is made up of，由此得出題目說法正確。
3.N 由題干中的關(guān)鍵詞tropical定位到小標(biāo)題Tropical Climates下面第四句：There the forests are not so dense，and many trees lose their leaves in the dry season，題目與此相反，由此得出題目說法錯誤。
4.Y 由題干中的關(guān)鍵詞Mediterranean定位到小標(biāo)題Subtropical Climates下面第二、三句：The subtropical western coasts of the continents have a Mediterranean climate，Summers are hot and dry;winters are mild and wet，題目是原文的同義替換，由此得出題目說法正確。
5.N 由題干中的關(guān)鍵詞highland climates定位到小標(biāo)題High-altitude Climates下面第二句：Highland climates are found on the high mountains of the world， even on the equator，題目認(rèn)為赤道上沒有高原氣候，與原文相反，由此得出題目說法錯誤。
6.NG 題干中的`關(guān)鍵詞new buildings，climate-friendly在文章中無法定位，題目說法在原文中未提及。
7.Y 由題干中的關(guān)鍵詞water cycle定位到小標(biāo)題Climate and the Water Cycle下面的第七句：The constant movement of water from land to sea to air and back again is called the water cycle，題目是原文的同義替換，由此得出題目說法正確。
8.humidity, cloudiness，fog，sunshine，wind，storms
由題干中的關(guān)鍵詞temperature，rainfall，making of climate定位到文章第二段： Temperature and the amount of rainfall are the two most important elements of climate.Others are humidity (air moisture)，cloudiness，fog，sunshine，wind， storms，and air pressure，由此得出答案。
9.great ice caps
由題干中的關(guān)鍵詞Greenland and Antarctica定位到小標(biāo)題High-latitude Climates下面的末句：Greenland and Antarctica have a polar climate，where great ice caps exist because of year-round freezing，由此得出答案。
10.setting limits
由題干中的關(guān)鍵詞food supply定位到文章末段首句：Climate affects the food supply by setting limits for profitable production of crops and animals，由此得出答案。
6月英語四級閱讀模擬習(xí)題及解析 篇2
Directions: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.
Resilience Is About How You Recharge, Not How You Endure
[A] As constant travelers and parents of a 2-year-old, we sometimes fantasize about how much work we can do when one of us gets on a plane, undistracted by phones, friends, or movies. We race to get all our ground work done: packing, going through security, doing a last-minute work call, calling each other, then boarding the plane. Then, when we try to have that amazing work session in flight, we get nothing done. Even worse, after refreshing our email or reading the same studies over and over, we are too exhausted when we land to soldier on with (繼續(xù)處理) the emails that have inevitably still piled up.
[B] Why should flying deplete us? We’re just sitting there doing nothing. Why can’t we be tougher, more resilient (有復(fù)原力的) and determined in our work so we can accomplish all of the goals we set for ourselves? Based on our current research, we have come to realize that the problem is not our hectic schedule or the plane travel itself; the problem comes from a misconception of what it means to be resilient, and the resulting impact of overworking.
[C] We often take a militaristic, “tough” approach to resilience and determination like a Marine pulling himself through the mud, a boxer going one more round, or a football player picking himself up off the ground for one more play. We believe that the longer we tough it out, the tougher we are, and therefore the more successful we will be. However, this entire conception is scientifically inaccurate.
[D] The very lack of a recovery period is dramatically holding back our collective ability to be resilient and successful. Research has found that there is a direct correlation between lack of recovery and increased incidence of health and safety problems. And lack of recovery—whether by disrupting sleep with thoughts of work or having continuous cognitive arousal by watching our phones—is costing our companies $62 billion a year in lost productivity.
[E] And just because work stops, it doesn’t mean we are recovering. We “stop” work sometimes at 5pm, but then we spend the night wrestling with solutions to work problems, talking about our work over dinner, and falling asleep thinking about how much work we’ll do tomorrow. In a study just released, researchers from Norway found that 7.8% of Norwegians have become workaholics(工作狂). The scientists cite a definition of “workaholism” as “being overly concerned about work, driven by an uncontrollable work motivation, and investing so much time and effort in work that it impairs other important life areas.”
[F] We believe that the number of people who fit that definition includes the majority of American workers, which prompted us to begin a study of workaholism in the U.S. Our study will use a large corporate dataset from a major medical company to examine how technology extends our working hours and thus interferes with necessary cognitive recovery, resulting in huge health care costs and turnover costs for employers.
[G] The misconception of resilience is often bred from an early age. Parents trying to teach their children resilience might celebrate a high school student staying up until 3am to finish a science fair project. What a distortion of resilience! A resilient child is a well-rested one. When an exhausted student goes to school, he risks hurting everyone on the road with his impaired driving; he doesn’t have the cognitive resources to do well on his English test; he has lower self-control with his friends; and at home, he is moody with his parents. Overwork and exhaustion are the opposite of resilience and the bad habits we acquire when we’re young only magnify when we hit the workforce.
[H] As Jim Loehr and Tony Schwartz have written, if you have too much time in the performance zone, you need more time in the recovery zone, otherwise you risk burnout. Gathering your resources to “try hard” requires burning energy in order to overcome your currently low arousal level. It also worsens exhaustion. Thus the more imbalanced we become due to overworking, the more value there is in activities that allow us to return to a state of balance. The value of a recovery period rises in proportion to the amount of work required of us.
[I] So how do we recover and build resilience? Most people assume that if you stop doing a task like answering emails or writing a paper, your brain will naturally recover, so that when you start again later in the day or the next morning, you’ll have your energy back. But surely everyone reading this has had times when you lie in bed for hours, unable to fall asleep because your brain is thinking about work. If you lie in bed for eight hours, you may have rested, but you can still feel exhausted the next day. That’s because rest and recovery are not the same thing.
[J] If you’re trying to build resilience at work, you need adequate internal and external recovery periods. As researchers Zijlstra, Cropley and Rydstedt write in their 2014 paper: “Internal recovery refers to the shorter periods of relaxation that take place within the frames of the work day or the work setting in the form of short scheduled or unscheduled breaks, by shifting attention or changing to other work tasks when the mental or physical resources required for the initial task are temporarily depleted or exhausted. External recovery refers to actions that take place outside of work—e.g. in the free time between the work days, and during weekends, holidays or vacations.” If after work you lie around on your bed and get irritated by political commentary on your phone or get stressed thinking about decisions about how to renovate your home, your brain has not received a break from high mental arousal states. Our brains need a rest as much as our bodies do.
[K] If you really want to build resilience, you can start by strategically stopping. Give yourself the resources to be tough by creating internal and external recovery periods. Amy Blankson describes how to strategically stop during the day by using technology to control overworking. She suggests downloading the Instant or Moment apps to see how many times you turn on your phone each day. You can also use apps like Offtime or Unplugged to create tech free zones by strategically scheduling automatic airplane modes. The average person turns on their phone 150 times every day. If every distraction took only 1 minute, that would account for 2.5 hours a day.
[L] In addition, you can take a cognitive break every 90 minutes to charge your batteries. Try to not have lunch at your desk, but instead spend time outside or with your friends—not talking about work. Take all of your paid time off, which not only gives you recovery periods, but raises your productivity and likelihood of promotion.
[M] As for us, we’ve started using our plane time as a work-free zone, and thus time to dip into the recovery phase. The results have been fantastic. We are usually tired already by the time we get on a plane, and the crowded space and unstable internet connection make work more challenging. Now, instead of swimming upstream, we relax, sleep, watch movies, or listen to music. And when we get off the plane, instead of being depleted, we feel recovered and ready to return to the performance zone.
36. It has been found that inadequate recovery often leads to poor health and accidents.
37. Mental relaxation is much needed, just as physical relaxation is.
38. Adequate rest not only helps one recover, but also increases one’s work efficiency.
39. The author always has a hectic time before taking a flight.
40. Recovery may not take place even if one seems to have stopped working.
41. It is advised that technology be used to prevent people from overworking.
42. Contrary to popular belief, rest does not equal recovery.
43. The author has come to see that his problem results from a misunderstanding of the meaning of resilience.
44. People’s distorted view about resilience may have developed from their upbringing.
45. People tend to think the more determined they are, the greater their success will be.
答案：
36.D
37. J
38. L
39. A
40. E
41. K
42. I
43.B
44. G
45. C
四級閱讀理解答案：詞匯理解
26. G)habitats
【語法判斷】marine是形容詞，表示“海洋的”，后面應(yīng)該跟一個名詞。符合條件的名詞有experiences(經(jīng)驗(yàn))、exterior(外部)、habitats(棲息地)、investment(投資)、territory(領(lǐng)土)、victim(受害人)。
【語意判斷】從上下文可知，暗礁是潛泳和保護(hù)海洋______的圣地，所以應(yīng)該選habitats，海洋棲息地。
27. M)stripped
【語法判斷】此處謂語不完整，要填寫動詞，由was可知要使用被動語態(tài)。符合條件的動詞有depressed(使…沮喪)、stripped(剝奪、剝離)。
【語意判斷】被沉下去的A300被______了所有有可能對環(huán)境有害的東西，所以應(yīng)該選stripped，被剝離了。
28. A)create
【語法判斷】此處是倒裝句，the sunken plane will后面應(yīng)該跟動詞原形。符合條件的動詞有create(創(chuàng)作、創(chuàng)造)、innovate(發(fā)明)。
【語意判斷】被沉默的飛機(jī)不僅僅將會給人工暗礁的生長_____完美的骨架，所以應(yīng)該選create，創(chuàng)造出。
29. L)stretches
【語法判斷】主句缺少謂語，主語是the plane，應(yīng)該選擇動詞的第三人稱單數(shù)。符合條件的動詞有experiences(經(jīng)歷)、stretches(延展到)
【語意判斷】這個飛機(jī)____總長度54米，所以應(yīng)該選stretches，延展到。
30. C)eventually
【語法判斷】where引導(dǎo)的從句有完整的主謂賓結(jié)構(gòu)，空格處應(yīng)該填寫副詞。符合條件的副詞有eventually(最后，終于)、intentionally(故意地、有意地)。
【語意判斷】在這個地方，潛水者將_______能夠探索機(jī)艙和….，因?yàn)槭窃陲w機(jī)沉下去以后，潛水者才能夠進(jìn)行探索，所以應(yīng)該選eventually，最終
31. F)exterior
【語法判斷】由plane’s可知此處為所有格，應(yīng)該填一個名詞。符合條件的名詞有experiences(經(jīng)驗(yàn))、exterior(外部)、investment(投資)、territory(領(lǐng)土)、victim(受害人)。
【語意判斷】潛水者最終可以探索機(jī)艙和飛機(jī)的_____，潛水者會探索飛機(jī)的內(nèi)部和外部，所以應(yīng)該選exterior，外部。
32. J)investment
【語法判斷】由that代詞可知，此處應(yīng)該填寫一個名詞。符合條件的名詞有experiences(經(jīng)驗(yàn))、investment(投資)、territory(領(lǐng)土)、victim(受害人)。
【語意判斷】他們(投資者)希望通過旅游業(yè)看到在_____上的'回報(bào)，又從前一句知道投資者在飛機(jī)上花了大量的金錢，所以應(yīng)該選擇investment，投資上的回報(bào)。
33. O)victim
【語法判斷】由定冠詞the和介詞of可知，此處應(yīng)該填寫一個名詞。符合條件的名詞有experiences(經(jīng)驗(yàn))、territory(領(lǐng)土)、victim(受害者)。
【語意判斷】土耳其這個國家是幾起致命的恐怖襲擊的______，由上文可知，土耳其的旅游業(yè)出現(xiàn)了下滑的趨勢，他們受到了恐怖襲擊的影響，所以應(yīng)該選victim，受害者。
34. I)intentionally
【語法判斷】sunk修飾aircraft表示被沉沒的飛機(jī)，此處可以填寫一個形容詞和sunk并列修飾aircraft，也可以是一個副詞修飾形容詞sunk。符合條件的形容詞有depressed(沮喪的)、revealing(透露真情的、有啟迪作用的);符合條件的副詞有intentionally(故意地、有意地)。
【語意判斷】A300是的______被沉沒的飛機(jī)，由上下文可知，這架飛機(jī)是被人為地沉沒到海底地，所以此處應(yīng)該選intentionally，故意被沉沒的飛機(jī)。
35. E)exploring
【語法判斷】and并聯(lián)連詞連接taking和填空部分，形式應(yīng)與taking保持一致，動詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式。符合條件的動詞有exploring(探索)、revealing(揭露)。
【語意判斷】經(jīng)歷一場水下旅行和_______沉沒的A300內(nèi)部，由語意可知，應(yīng)該選擇exploring，探索內(nèi)部。
6月英語四級閱讀模擬習(xí)題及解析 篇3
Not all sounds made by animals serve as language, and we have only to turn to that extraordinary discovery of echolocation (回聲定位) in bats to see a case in which the voice plays a strictly practical role.
To get a full appreciation of what this means we must turn first to some recent human inventions. Everyoneknows that if he shouts near a wall or a mountainside, an echo will come back. The further off this solid obstacle, the longer time it will take for the return of the echo. A sound made by tapping on the main body of a ship will be reflected from the sea bottom, and by measuring the time interval between the taps andthe receipt of the echoes the depth of the sea at that point can be calculated. So was born the echo-sounding equipment, now in general use in ships. Every solid object will reflect a sound, varying according to the size and nature of the object. A shoal of fish will do this. So it is a comparatively simple step fromlocating the sea bottom to locating a shoal of fish. With experience, and with improved equipment, it is now possible not only to locate fish but to tell if it is herring, cod, or other well-known fish, by the pattern of its echo.
A few years ago it was found that certain bats emit squeaks (吱吱聲) and by receiving ’he echoes they could locate and steer clear of obstacles--or locate flying insects on which they feed. This echolocation in bats is often compared with radar, the principle of which is similar.
練習(xí)題：
Choose correct answers to the question:
1.The main purpose of this passage is to ______.
A. describe that animals can make different sounds
B. prove that animals’ voices can play practical roles
C. inspire the readers to make more inventions
D. startle the readers with some shocking facts
2. The discovery of echolocation may help with all of the following EXCEPT
A. measuring the depth of the sea
B. distinguishing different kinds of fish
C. improving the functions of radar
D. varying the size and nature of an object
3. By saying "A shoal of fish will do this"(Lines 6-7, Para. 2), the author means ________.
A. only one special kind of fish can reflect sounds
B. only one special kind of fish can be used to help locate a ship
C. a large group of fish can reflect sounds
D. a large group of fish can be used to help locate a ship
4. As it is discussed in the passage, the squeaks of bats can be functionally compared with ________.
A. human languages
B. a mountainside
C. a shoal of fish
D. taps on a ship
5. Which of the following statements can be inferred from the passage?
A. Animals are more intelligent than humans.
B. Humans are more intelligent than animals.
C. Animals are often compared with human inventions.
D. Humans are often inspired by animals.
答案解析
1.[B] 主旨大意題。文章第1段就點(diǎn)明主題，明確指出以蝙蝠為例，動物發(fā)出的聲音有實(shí)際作用，只有B可以概括文章的這個寫作目的。
2.[C] 事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。本題考査列舉處，可用排除法解答。A、B、C在文中都有相關(guān)提及。D利用第2段中的varying制造干擾。在原文中，指的是回聲因障礙物的不同而不同，而D偷換概念、曲解文意，D中的varying為及物動詞，意為“改變”,顯然不可能是回聲定位的發(fā)現(xiàn)帶來的功效。
3.[C] 詞義推斷題。本題考查對shoal的詞義推測及代詞this的'理解。依據(jù)第2段最后幾句話,可推測出a shoal of fish指的是“海里的一群魚”;this則是指上一句提到的“任何固體都可以反射聲音”，因此這句話表明一大群魚就能像一個固體一樣反射聲音。
4.[D] 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段可知，蝙蝠發(fā)出吱吱聲可以探測障礙物的距離，而第2段也指出輕敲船體可測知海底的距離，因此在功能上,D與蝙蝠的吱吱聲相同。A中的human languages在文中未提到;B和C在文中各自的例子中充當(dāng)?shù)亩际钦系K物的角色，因此都不正確。
5.[D] 推理判斷題。文章先說動物的回聲定位功能,再說到回聲定位探測儀的發(fā)明,由此可見，是動物的某些能力啟發(fā)了人類的創(chuàng)造，因此只有D可從文中推測。文章并沒有從智力方面比較人類和動物，因此可以排除A 和B;盡管文章說到了蝙蝠和雷達(dá)的原理相似，但是C中的often一詞無據(jù)可循，且C的說法浮于表面，沒有說到重點(diǎn)，故排除。
6月英語四級閱讀模擬習(xí)題及解析 篇4
英語四級閱讀選詞填空
The popular notion that older people need less sleep than younger adults is a myth, scientists said yesterday.
While elderly people __1__ to sleep for fewer hours than they did when they were younger, this has a(n) __2__ effect on their brain's performance and they would benefit from getting more, according to research.
Sean Drummond, a. psychiatrist (心理醫(yī)生) at the University of California, San Diego, said older people are more likely to suffer from broken sleep, while younger people are better at sleeping __3__ straight through the night.
More sleep in old age, however, is __4__ with better health, and most older people would feel better and more __5__ if they slept for longer periods, he said.
"The ability to sleep in one chunk (整塊時間) overnight goes down as we age but the amount of sleep we need to __6__ well does not change," Dr Drummond told the American Association for the Advancement of Science conference in San Diego.
"It's __7__ a myth that older people need less sleep. The more healthy an older adult is, the more they sleep like they did when they were __8__. Our data suggests that older adults would benefit from __9__ to get as much sleep as they did in their 30s. That's __10__ from person to person, but the amount of sleep we had at 35 is probably the same amount as we need at 75."
[A] alert
[B] associated
[C] attracting
[D] cling
[E] continuing
[F] definitely
[G] different
[H] efficiently
[I] formally
[J] function
[K] mixed
[L] negative
[M] sufficient
[N] tend
[O] younger
答案解析：
文章大意：本文主要講述的是關(guān)于老年人睡眠的問題：是否老年人與年輕人相比只需要較少的睡眠時間?
1. N tend tend to 固定搭配;表示"傾向于;"符合句意;
2. L negative 空格后是effect， 前面是a(n)， 由此可見，該處需要填入一個形容詞;題目給出的形容詞有negative, sufficient, younger;根據(jù)前后語意，填入negative最為恰當(dāng)，表示"少的睡眠時間對大腦的活動有負(fù)面的影響。"
3. H efficiently 根據(jù)推測，該處應(yīng)該填入一個副詞，題目給出的副詞有efficiently, definitely, formally;前面提到，老年人在睡覺的時候更容易被打斷，而后面用while提出一個對比的概念，年輕人相比起來能獲得更_______ 的睡眠;綜合起來，選用efficiently(最有效率的)最為準(zhǔn)確。
4. B associated be associated with 固定搭配;表示"與…聯(lián)系在一起";本句話表示"更多的睡眠通常都與健康度聯(lián)系在一起";
5. A alert 先看整句話的含義，"如果他們能睡更長的時間，他們的感覺應(yīng)該會更好以及…"那么，該處應(yīng)該填入一個褒義詞，選擇alert比較恰當(dāng)，表示"更加警覺，機(jī)靈";
6. J function 根據(jù)判斷，此處應(yīng)該填入一個動詞，剩下的動詞有cling, function;整句話的'意思是"當(dāng)我們上了年紀(jì)的時候，我們一覺睡到天亮的能力下降了，但是，我們需要…的睡眠量并沒有改變;"空格后的單詞是 well， cling 在這里并不合適，一般與to連用;選用function 最為適合;
7. F definitely 作者在首段已經(jīng)提出這個觀點(diǎn)是一個myth，那么顯而易見最后一段中出現(xiàn)的myth是作為一種強(qiáng)調(diào)手段，應(yīng)填入definitely;
8. O younger 空格的前面是 when they were…， "當(dāng)他們年輕的時候";應(yīng)填入younger;
9. E continuing 本句的意思是"我們的數(shù)據(jù)顯示老年人將從…獲益;"空格的后面是"得到和他們在三十多歲的時候能得到的睡眠一樣多";根據(jù)上下文意思，該處應(yīng)填入"continuing";
10. G different different from 固定搭配;表示"和…不同"。
6月英語四級閱讀模擬習(xí)題及解析 篇5
About 5,000 years ago, the Egyptians and other people in the Near East began to use pictures as kind of writing. They drew simple pictures or signs to represent things and ideas, and also to represent the sounds of their language. The signs these people used became a kind of alphabet.
The Egyptians used to record information and to tell stories by putting picture writing and pictures together. When an important person died, scenes and stories from his life were painted and carved on the walls of the place where he was buried. Some of these pictures are like modern comic strip stories. It has been said that Egypt is the home of the comic strip. But, for the Egyptians, pictures still had magic power. So they did not try to make their way of writing simple. The ordinary people could not understand it. By the year 1,000 BC, people who lived in the area around the Mediterranean Sea had developed a simpler system of writing. The signs they used were very easy to write, and there were fewer of them than in the Egyptian system. This was because each sign, or letter, represented only one sound in their language. The Greeks developed this system and formed the letters of the Greek alphabet. The Romans copied the idea, and the Roman alphabet is now used all over the world.
These days, we can write down a story, or record information, without using pictures. But we still need pictures of all kinds: drawing, photographs, signs and diagrams. We find them everywhere: in books and newspapers, in the street, and on the walls of the places where we live and work. Pictures help us to understand and remember things more easily, and they can make a story much more interesting.
1. Pictures of animals were painted on the walls of caves in France and Spain because______.
A. the hunters wanted to see the pictures B. the painters were animal lovers
C. the painters wanted to show imagination D. the pictures were thought to be helpful
2. The Greek alphabet was simpler than the Egyptian system for all the following reasons EXCEPT that______.
A. the former was easy to write
B. there were fewer signs in the former C. the former was easy to pronounce D. each sign stood for only one sound
3. Which of the following statements is TRUE?
A. The Egyptian signs later became a particular alphabet. B. The Egyptians liked to write comic strip stories.
C. The Roman alphabet was developed from the Egyptian one. D. The Greeks copied their writing system from the Egyptians.
4. In the last paragraph, the author thinks that pictures ______.
A. should be made comprehensible B. should be made interesting C. are of much use in our life D. have disappeared from our life
答案解析
1. D) 根據(jù)文章第一段第五行“Perhaps the painters thought that their pictures would help them to catch these animals.”可知古代人以為在墻上畫畫會對他們有所幫助，故選項(xiàng)D為正確答案。
2. C) 在做此類題時要注意題干的.要求。通過閱讀文章第四段很清楚就知道選項(xiàng)C “前者容易發(fā)音”在文中沒有提及，故為正確答案。
3. A) 可用排除法來做本題。通過閱讀文章很清楚選項(xiàng)B和D為錯誤陳述。選項(xiàng)C “羅馬字母是從埃及字母發(fā)展而來的”根據(jù)文章第四段第四，五句可知為錯誤論述，因此只有選項(xiàng)A為正確答案。
4. C) 文章最后一段講述了圖畫在今天的用途，故選項(xiàng)C為正確答案
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