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2015年英語四級閱讀理解模擬題（第三套）
第一篇：
Most of the people who appear most often and most gloriously in the history books are great conquerors and generals and soldiers, whereas the people who really helped civilization forward are often never mentioned at all. We do not know who first set a broken leg, or launched a seaworthy boat, or calculated the length of the year, or manured(施肥)a field; but we know all about the killers and destroyers. People think a great deal of them, so much so that on all the highest pillars in the great cities of the world you will find the figure of a conqueror or a general or a soldier. And I think most people believe that the greatest countries are those that have beaten in battle the greatest number of other countries and ruled over them as conquerors. It is just possible they are, but they are not the most civilized.
Animals fight; so do savages (野蠻人); hence to be good at fighting is to be good in the way in which an animal or a savage is good, but it is not to be civilized. Even being good at getting other people to fight for you and telling them how to do it most efficiently --- this, after all, is what conquerors and generals have done --- is not being civilized. People fight to settle quarrels. Fighting means killing, and civilized peoples ought to be able to find some way of settling their disputes other than by seeing which side can kill off the greater number of the other side, and then saying that that side which has killed most has won. And it not only has won, but, because it has won, has been in the right. For that is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.
That is what the story of mankind has on the whole been like. Even our own age has fought the two greatest wars in history, in which millions of people were killed or disabled. And while today it is true that people do not fight and kill each other in the streets --- while, that is to say, we have got to the stage of keeping the rules and behaving properly to each other in daily life --- nations and countries have not learnt to do this yet, and still behave like savages.
57. In the opening sentence the author indicates that ________.
A) most history books were written by conquerors, generals and soldiers.
B) those who truly helped civilization forward is rarely mentioned in history books.
C) history books focus more on conquerors than on those who helped civilization forward.
D) conquerors, generals and soldiers should not be mentioned in history books.
58. In the author’s opinion, the countries that ruled over a large number of other countries are ________.
A) certainly both the greatest and the most civilized
B) neither the most influential nor the most civilized.
C) possibly the most civilized but not the most powerful.
D) likely the greatest in some sense but not the most civilized.
59. The meaning of “That is what going to war means; it means saying that might is right.”(Last sentence of Paragraph 2) is that ________.
A) those who fight believe that the winner is right and the loser wrong.
B) only those who are powerful have the right to go to war.
C) those who are right should fight against those who are wrong.
D) in a war only those who are powerful will win.
60. In the third paragraph, what the author wants to convey to us is that ________.
A) World War I and World War II are different from previous wars.
B) our age is not much better than those of the past.
C) modern time is not so civilized compared with the past.
D) we have fought fewer wars but suffered heavier casualties.
61. This passage is most likely taken from an article entitled ________.
A) War and World Peace
B) Creators of Civilization
C) Civilization and History
D) Who Should Be Remembered
參考答案：BDABC
第二篇：
When a consumer finds that an item she or he bought is faulty or in some other way does not live up to the manufacturer's claims, the first step is to present the warranty, or any other records which might help, at the store of purchase. In most cases, this action will produce results. However, if it does not, there are various means the consumer may use to gain satisfaction. A simple and common method used by many consumers is to complain directly to the store manager. In general, the “higher up” his or her complaint, the faster he or she can expect it to be settled. In such a case, it is usually settled in the consumer's favor, assuming he or she has a just claim. Consumers should complain in person whenever possible, but if they cannot get to the place of purchase, it is acceptable to phone or write the complaint in a letter.
Complaining is usually most effective when it is done politely but firmly, and especially when the consumer can demonstrate what is wrong with the item in question. If this cannot be done, the consumer will succeed best by presenting specific information as to what is wrong, rather than by making general statements. For example, “The left speaker does not work at all and the sound coming out of the right one is unclear” is better than “This stereo does not work”. The store manager may advice the consumer to write to the manufacturer. If so, the consumer should do this, stating the complaint as politely and firmly as possible. If a polite complaint does not achieve the desired result, the consumer can go to a step further. She or he can threaten to take the seller to court or report the seller to a private or public organization responsible for protecting consumer's rights.
1. When a consumer finds that his or her in it, the first thing he or she should do is to ____.
A) complain personally to the manager
B) threaten to take the matter to court
C) write a firm letter of complaint to the store of purchase
D) show some written proof of the purchase to the store
2. How can a consumer make his or her complaint more effective, according to the passage?
A) Explain exactly what is wrong with the item.
B) Threaten to take the seller to court.
C) Make polite and general statements about the problem.
D) Avoid having direct contact with the store manager.
3. According to the passage, which of the following is suggested as the last alternative that consumers may turn to?
A) Complain to the store manager in person.
B) Complain to the manufacturer.
C) Write a complaint letter to the manager.
D) Turn to the Consumers’ Rights Protection Organization for help.
4. The phrase “live up to” in this context means ____.
A) meet the standard of
B) realize the purpose of
C) fulfill the demands of
D) keep the promise of
5.The passage tells us ____.
A) how to settle a consumer’s complaint about a faulty item
B) how to make an effective complaint about a faulty item
C) how to avoid buying a faulty item
D) how to deal with complaints from customers
答案與解析：
1. D
當(dāng)顧客發(fā)現(xiàn)自己所購買的商品有問題時，他所做的第一件事就是出示在商場購物的憑具。事實辨析題。文章第一段指明，顧客購買了有瑕疵的商品后，首先應(yīng)出示在某商場購買某商品的相關(guān)記錄或證明。故選項D正確。
2. A
為了使投訴更加有效，應(yīng)當(dāng)指出商品的問題所在。事實辨析題。根據(jù)第四段第一句話，最有效的投訴方式是指出所購商品的具體問題，故選項A正確。
3. D
文章表明：消費者最后的處理方向就是向消費者權(quán)益保護組織求助。事實辨析題。文章最后一段指出，顧客購買了有瑕疵的商品后，可以向銷售者或生產(chǎn)者投訴，如得不到滿意答復(fù)，可以進一步向消費者權(quán)益保護組織反映。故選項D正確。
4. A
達到標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。詞匯題。文中“does not live up to the manufacturer’s claims”中的live up to意為“沒有達到??的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)”。故選項A正確。
5. B
文章告訴我們怎樣對有瑕疵的商品進行有效投訴。主旨題。本文主要說明顧客在購買了有瑕疵的商品后如何進行最有效的投訴，故選項B正確。
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